To Blur the Boundaries of Fiction and Translation

The Fictions of Translation sammelt Aufsätze aus der dritten Transfiction Tagung, die in Montreal im Mai 2015 stattgefunden hat. Wie auch die vorigen Bände dieser Tagungsserie versucht dieser Sammelband, den Begriff ‘transfiction’ als Grundlage einer neuen Teildisziplin der Translation Studies zu etablieren. Die 16 Beiträge untersuchen ein breites Spektrum von ‘translation fictions,’ von Pseudoübersetzungen, (Nicht-)Übersetzer- und (Selbst-)Übersetzer-Biografien bis hin zu Diskursen innerhalb von Übersetzungsinstitutionen. Dadurch zeigen sie eindrucksvoll das Potenzial von Übersetzungen und ‘translation fictions,’ um zu neuen Erkenntnissen über vergangene sowie zeitgenössische soziale und politische Lagen zu gelangen.The Fictions of Translation gathers papers from the third Transfiction conference, which took place in Montreal in May 2015. As with the previous publications of the conference series, this volume aims to establish the concept of ‘transfiction’ as the basis of a new subdiscipline in translation studies. The 16 chapters of this collection explore a wide spectrum of ‘translation fictions’ that range from pseudo-translations, (non-)translator and (self-)translator biographies, to the discourse of translation institutions to show the potential of translation and ‘translation fictions’ in providing insights into past or contemporary social and political situations. &nbsp

Multilingual Lifeworlds and Textual Monolingualism: Pseudotranslation in Katerina Poladjan, Olga Grjasnowa, and Nino Haratischwili

A great deal of existing research on literary multilingualism focuses on the explicit presence of multiple languages in literary works. Yet these texts represent only a relatively marginal portion of contemporary literary production. To focus on this rare literary phenomenon neglects the fact that literary systems pressure most authors to write increasingly monolingual texts—which does not preclude them from portraying scenes of everyday multilingual life. Rather than rendering different languages directly in the text, however, this multilingualism is often excluded: in a monolingual (literary) world, authors translate worldly multilingualism into textual monolingualism. I analyze the distinct strategies authors employ in this type of translation in three German-language novels partly set in the Caucasus region: Das achte Leben (Für Brilka) (Nino Haratischwili, 2014), Die juristische Unschärfe einer Ehe (Olga Grjasnowa, 2014), and Hier sind Löwen (Katerina Poladjan, 2019). Using pseudotranslation as a mode of reading (Rath 2017), I probe the presence of multilingualism forced into absence

Alien Registration- Boucher, Marie A. (Augusta, Kennebec County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/18378/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Boucher, Marie (Caribou, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/25989/thumbnail.jp

La présence conceptuelle du CECR dans les curriculums de français de base du palier secondaire au Canada

In 2001, the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), based on the concepts of an action-oriented approach and multilingualism, was created in Europe to frame the learning, teaching and assessment of foreign languages. In Canada, the Council of the Ministers of Education of Canada (CMEC) drew inspiration from the CEFR to standardize teaching and assessment practices for second language (L2) education. This article examines the degree of integration of the action-oriented approach and plurilingualism in provincial and territorial Core French curricula in Canada. Applying Van der Maren's documentary analysis model, we observe that all Canadian Core French curricula integrate sub-concepts relating to the two CEFR concepts, with the action-oriented approach more represented than plurilingualism.En 2001, l’Europe a créé le Cadre Européen Commun de Référence (CECR), en se basant sur l’approche actionnelle et le plurilinguisme, pour encadrer l’apprentissage, l’enseignement et l’évaluation des langues étrangères. Au Canada, le Conseil des ministres de l’Éducation du Canada (CMEC) a souhaité s’inspirer du CECR pour uniformiser les pratiques d’enseignement et d’évaluation des langues secondes (L2). Cet article se penche sur le degré d’intégration de l’approche actionnelle et du plurilinguisme dans les curriculums de français de base (Core French) provinciaux et territoriaux au Canada. Selon le modèle d’analyse documentaire de Van der Maren, nous observons que les curriculums de français de base canadiens intègrent tous des sous-concepts relatifs aux deux concepts du CECR. L’approche actionnelle y est sémantiquement plus représentée que le plurilinguisme

Moving beyond the cost–loss ratio : economic assessment of streamflow forecasts for a risk-averse decision maker

A large effort has been made over the past 10 years to promote the operational use of probabilistic or ensemble streamflow forecasts. Numerous studies have shown that ensemble forecasts are of higher quality than deterministic ones. Many studies also conclude that decisions based on ensemble rather than deterministic forecasts lead to better decisions in the context of flood mitigation. Hence, it is believed that ensemble forecasts possess a greater economic and social value for both decision makers and the general population. However, the vast majority of, if not all, existing hydro-economic studies rely on a cost–loss ratio framework that assumes a risk-neutral decision maker. To overcome this important flaw, this study borrows from economics and evaluates the economic value of early warning flood systems using the well-known Constant Absolute Risk Aversion (CARA) utility function, which explicitly accounts for the level of risk aversion of the decision maker. This new framework allows for the full exploitation of the information related to a forecasts’ uncertainty, making it especially suited for the economic assessment of ensemble or probabilistic forecasts. Rather than comparing deterministic and ensemble forecasts, this study focuses on comparing different types of ensemble forecasts. There are multiple ways of assessing and representing forecast uncertainty. Consequently, there exist many different means of building an ensemble forecasting system for future streamflow. One such possibility is to dress deterministic forecasts using the statistics of past error forecasts. Such dressing methods are popular among operational agencies because of their simplicity and intuitiveness. Another approach is the use of ensemble meteorological forecasts for precipitation and temperature, which are then provided as inputs to one or many hydrological model(s). In this study, three concurrent ensemble streamflow forecasting systems are compared: simple statistically dressed deterministic forecasts, forecasts based on meteorological ensembles, and a variant of the latter that also includes an estimation of state variable uncertainty. This comparison takes place for the Montmorency River, a small flood-prone watershed in southern central Quebec, Canada. The assessment of forecasts is performed for lead times of 1 to 5 days, both in terms of forecasts’ quality (relative to the corresponding record of observations) and in terms of economic value, using the new proposed framework based on the CARA utility function. It is found that the economic value of a forecast for a risk-averse decision maker is closely linked to the forecast reliability in predicting the upper tail of the streamflow distribution. Hence, post-processing forecasts to avoid overforecasting could help improve both the quality and the value of forecasts

Transition des PMEs industrielles vers le couplage produits/services

http://www.simagi.polymtl.ca/cigi2011/articles/_Boucher-Transition.pdfInternational audienceL'objectif de cette communication est de présenter la démarche de recherche adoptée dans le projet " Système de Production Orientés Services " financé par la région Rhônes-Alpes, ainsi qu'une synthèse de premiers résultats obtenus. Ces recherches concernent la transition des PMEs industrielles vers l'intégration progressive d'activités de production de services au côté d'activités de production de biens matériels, transition dénommée processus de servicisation. La démarche de recherche s'appuie notamment sur un ensemble d'études de cas pour identifier des facteurs clés de pilotage de ce type de transitions économiques et organisationnelles : (i) formes types de couplages, (ii) facteurs intervenant comme catalyseurs de transition, (iii) facteurs intervenant comme déterminant de l'offre produit/services. Cette phase de recherche de type 'sciences de gestion' débouchera ultérieurement sur le développement d'outils et de méthodes d'aide à la décision plus formels

Accounting for three sources of uncertainty in ensemble hydrological forecasting

Seeking more accuracy and reliability, the hydrometeorological community has developed several tools to decipher the different sources of uncertainty in relevant modeling processes. Among them, the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), multimodel approaches and meteorological ensemble forecasting proved to have the capability to improve upon deterministic hydrological forecast. This study aims to untangle the sources of uncertainty by studying the combination of these tools and assessing their respective contribution to the overall forecast quality. Each of these components is able to capture a certain aspect of the total uncertainty and improve the forecast at different stages in the forecasting process by using different means. Their combination outperforms any of the tools used solely. The EnKF is shown to contribute largely to the ensemble accuracy and dispersion, indicating that the initial conditions uncertainty is dominant. However, it fails to maintain the required dispersion throughout the entire forecast horizon and needs to be supported by a multimodel approach to take into account structural uncertainty. Moreover, the multimodel approach contributes to improving the general forecasting performance and prevents this performance from falling into the model selection pitfall since models differ strongly in their ability. Finally, the use of probabilistic meteorological forcing was found to contribute mostly to long lead time reliability. Particular attention needs to be paid to the combination of the tools, especially in the EnKF tuning to avoid overlapping in error decipherin