81 research outputs found
Identificação das intervenções de enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde: parâmetro para o dimensionamento de trabalhadores
TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives
Risk factors for cognitive impairment in school-age children born preterm: application of a hierarchical model
Evaluating the effectiveness of a training program that builds teachers’ capability to identify and appropriately refer middle and high school students with mental health problems in Brazil: an exploratory study
Translation, adaptation, and preliminary validation of the Brazilian version of the Behavior Problems Inventory (BPI-01)
Relationship between spatial ability, visuospatial working memory and self-assessed spatial orientation ability: a study in older adults
This paper describes some novel spatial tasks and questionnaires designed to assess spatial and orientation abilities. The new tasks and questionnaires were administered to a sample of 90 older adults (41 males, age range 57–90), along with some other tests of spatial ability (Minnesota Paper Form Board, Mental Rotations Test, and Embedded Figures Test) and tests of visuospatial working memory (Corsi’s Block Test and Visual Pattern Test). The internal reliability of the new tasks and questionnaires was analyzed, as well as their relationship with the spatial and working memory tests. The results showed that the new spatial tasks are reliable, correlate with working memory and spatial ability tests and, compared with the latters, show stronger correlations with the self-report questionnaires referring to orientation abilities. A model was also tested (with reference to Allen et al. in Intelligence 22:327–355, 1996) in which the new tasks were assumed to relate to spatial ability and predict orientation abilities as assessed by the self-report measures
Immune response of healthy horses to DNA constructs formulated with a cationic lipid transfection reagent
Background Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccines are used for experimental
immunotherapy of equine melanoma. The injection of complexed linear DNA
encoding interleukin (IL)-12/IL-18 induced partial tumour remission in a
clinical study including 27 grey horses. To date, the detailed mechanism of
the anti-tumour effect of this treatment is unknown. Results In the present
study, the clinical and cellular responses of 24 healthy horses were monitored
over 72 h after simultaneous intradermal and intramuscular application of
equine IL-12/IL-18 DNA (complexed with a transfection reagent) or comparative
substances (transfection reagent only, nonsense DNA, nonsense DNA depleted of
CG). Although the strongest effect was observed in horses treated with
expressing DNA, horses in all groups treated with DNA showed systemic
responses. In these horses treated with DNA, rectal temperatures were elevated
after treatment and serum amyloid A increased. Total leukocyte and neutrophil
counts increased, while lymphocyte numbers decreased. The secretion of tumour
necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) from peripheral
mononuclear blood cells ex vivo increased after treatments with DNA, while
IL-10 secretion decreased. Horses treated with DNA had significantly higher
myeloid cell numbers and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)-10 expression
in skin samples at the intradermal injection sites compared to horses treated
with transfection reagent only, suggesting an inflammatory response to DNA
treatment. In horses treated with expressing DNA, however, local CXCL-10
expression was highest and immunohistochemistry revealed more intradermal
IL-12-positive cells when compared to the other treatment groups. In contrast
to non-grey horses, grey horses showed fewer effects of DNA treatments on
blood lymphocyte counts, TNFα secretion and myeloid cell infiltration in the
dermis. Conclusion Treatment with complexed linear DNA constructs induced an
inflammatory response independent of the coding sequence and of CG motif
content. Expressing IL-12/IL-18 DNA locally induces expression of the
downstream mediator CXCL-10. The grey horses included appeared to display an
attenuated immune response to DNA treatment, although grey horses bearing
melanoma responded to this treatment with moderate tumour remission in a
preceding study. Whether the different immunological reactivity compared to
other horses may contributes to the melanoma susceptibility of grey horses
remains to be elucidated
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