Italy and religious denominations: a bilateral relationship. Some introductory remarks.

Material incluido en el volumen especial de la revista del Instituto Martín de Azpilcueta, Universidad de Navarra : Ius Canonicum (1999), en honor de Javier Hervada

Diritto e potere nel momento originario della "potestas hierarchica" nella chiesa. Statto della dottrina in una questione canonisticamente disputada

Summarium Notum est quod thema de origine potestatis in Ecclesia nec;non de relationibus inter potestatem et ius, inter sic dictum momentum sacramentale et iuridicum, inter ius divinum et ius humanum, Samper particulari attentione ex parte doctrinae canonicae gavisum esto Post Concilium, obviis de causis, haec quaestio iterum proposita est tamquam elementum praevium et fundamentale super quod in alterutro sensu fundamenta totius structurae iuridicae Ecclesiae iacere possibile sit. Positio quae quoad hanc quaestionem sumatur necessario in maiorem partem solutionum repercutit quae posterius pro concretis suppositis, situationibus, institutionibus, etc., sugeruntur. In hoc contextu amplum et documentatum opus Petri A. Bonnet inseritur. Etiamsi observationes personales frequentes sint, tamen auctor directe visionem generalem positionum doctrinalium recentiorum super thema oferre praetendit. Cohaerenter cum fine persecuto, opus circa sequentia capita evolvitur: 1) Doctrina traditionalis et theoria de duplici origine potestatis hierarchicae in Ecclesia. 2) Duplex linea organizationis ecclesiasticae (Hervada et Souto). 3) Doctrina de comp!ementarietate potestatum (Morsdorf). 4) Bertrams et aoctrina de unitate potestatum. In fine, per modum conclusionis, sermonem generalem introductionis resumendo, proprium sententiam de re, quae in controversiam venit, breviter ponit, praefiniendo hoc modo etiam propriam mentem circa Dositiones doctrinales anteriores.-------------------------------- Abstract As is known, the theme of the orlgln of power within the Church, and therefore of the relations between power and law, sacramental and juridical moment, and divine law and human law, has always enjoyed the particular attention of Doctrine. After the Council, this problematic has be en put forth anew -for obvious reasons- as a prior and fundamental presupposition upon which to establish the entire juridical structure of the Church in one way or another. The posture which is adopted to this effect either conditions, or is reflected necessarily, in the majority of solutions which are later suggested for concrete suppositions, situations, institutions, and so on. In this context we find the extensive and documented work of Piero A. Bonnet. In spite of frequent and personal observations, the author tries to offer, primarily, a general picture of the most recent doctrinal positions with regards to the subject at hand. Thus, according to the pursued object the work is systematically structured around the following chapters: 1) Traditional doctrine and the theory of the double origin of hierarchical powers within the Church; 2) The double line of ecclesiastical organization (Hervada and Souto) : 3) The doctrine of the complementary nature of powers (Morsdorf); 4) Bertrams and the doctrine of the unity of powers. Finally, in resuming the general problems mentioned in the introductory part, he expresses his own opinion on the subject, thus pointing out his particular point of view concerning previous doctrinal position

Reachability of Communicating Timed Processes

We study the reachability problem for communicating timed processes, both in discrete and dense time. Our model comprises automata with local timing constraints communicating over unbounded FIFO channels. Each automaton can only access its set of local clocks; all clocks evolve at the same rate. Our main contribution is a complete characterization of decidable and undecidable communication topologies, for both discrete and dense time. We also obtain complexity results, by showing that communicating timed processes are at least as hard as Petri nets; in the discrete time, we also show equivalence with Petri nets. Our results follow from mutual topology-preserving reductions between timed automata and (untimed) counter automata.Comment: Extended versio

Remodeling the B-model

We propose a complete, new formalism to compute unambiguously B-model open and closed amplitudes in local Calabi-Yau geometries, including the mirrors of toric manifolds. The formalism is based on the recursive solution of matrix models recently proposed by Eynard and Orantin. The resulting amplitudes are non-perturbative in both the closed and the open moduli. The formalism can then be used to study stringy phase transitions in the open/closed moduli space. At large radius, this formalism may be seen as a mirror formalism to the topological vertex, but it is also valid in other phases in the moduli space. We develop the formalism in general and provide an extensive number of checks, including a test at the orbifold point of A_p fibrations, where the amplitudes compute the 't Hooft expansion of Wilson loops in lens spaces. We also use our formalism to predict the disk amplitude for the orbifold C^3/Z_3.Comment: 83 pages, 9 figure

Confinement and Chiral Symmetry Breaking via Domain-Like Structures in the QCD Vacuum

A qualitative mechanism for the emergence of domain structured background gluon fields due to singularities in gauge field configurations is considered, and a model displaying a type of mean field approximation to the QCD partition function based on this mechanism is formulated. Estimation of the vacuum parameters (gluon condensate, topological susceptibility, string constant and quark condensate) indicates that domain-like structures lead to an area law for the Wilson loop, nonzero topological susceptibility and spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry. Gluon and ghost propagators in the presence of domains are calculated explicitly and their analytical properties are discussed. The Fourier transforms of the propagators are entire functions and thus describe confined dynamical fields.Comment: RevTeX, 48 pages (32 pages + Appendices A-E), new references added [1,2,4,5] and minor formulae corrected for typographical error

MR imaging for the quantitative assessment of brain iron in aceruloplasminemia: a postmortem validation study

Aims: Non-invasive measures of brain iron content would be of great benefit in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) to serve as a biomarker for disease progression and evaluation of iron chelation therapy. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides several quantitative measures of brain iron content, none of these have been validated for patients with a severely increased cerebral iron burden. We aimed to validate R 2 * as a quantitative measure of brain iron content in aceruloplasminemia, the most severely iron-loaded NBIA phenotype. Methods: Tissue samples from 50 gray-and white matter regions of a postmortem aceruloplasminemia brain and control subject were scanned at 1.5 T to obtain R 2 * , and biochemically analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. For gray matter samples of the aceruloplasminemia brain, sample R 2 * values were compared with postmortem in situ MRI data that had been obtained from the same subject at 3 T - in situ R 2 * . Relationships between R 2 * and tissue iron concentration were determined by linear regression analyses. Results: Median iron concentrations throughout the whole aceruloplasminemia brain were 10 to 15 times higher than in the control subject, and R 2 * was linearly associated with iron concentration. For gray matter samples of the aceruloplasminemia subject with an iron concentration up to 1000 mg/kg, 91% of variation in R 2 * could be explained by iron, and in situ R 2 * at 3 T and sample R 2 * at 1.5 T were highly correlated. For white matter regions of the aceruloplasminemia brain, 85% of variation in R 2 * could be explained by iron. Conclusions: R 2 * is highly sensitive to variations in iron concentration in the severely iron-loaded brain, and might be used as a non-invasive measure of brain iron content in aceruloplasminemia and potentially other NBIA disorders.Metals in Catalysis, Biomimetics & Inorganic Material

The Infrared Behaviour of the Pure Yang-Mills Green Functions

We review the infrared properties of the pure Yang-Mills correlators and discuss recent results concerning the two classes of low-momentum solutions for them reported in literature; i.e. decoupling and scaling solutions. We will mainly focuss on the Landau gauge and pay special attention to the results inferred from the analysis of the Dyson-Schwinger equations of the theory and from "{\it quenched}" lattice QCD. The results obtained from properly interplaying both approaches are strongly emphasized.Comment: Final version to be published in FBS (54 pgs., 11 figs., 4 tabs