Bodenkundliche Interpretation der scheinbaren elektrischen Bodenleitfähigkeit [ECa] mit Hilfe von Grablochbeschrieben der Bodenschätzung

Im Boden besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen Tongehalt und elektrischer Leitfähigkeit. Die bodenkundliche Interpretation der Leitfähigkeitsmesswerte erfordert Informationen zur Bodenart. Als Grundlagen kommen u. a. beprobte und analysierte Schurfe und Grablochbeschriebe der Bodenschätzung in Frage. Die Interpretation der ECa-Messwerte für den Oberboden mit verschiedenartigen Profilinformationen führt in Abhängigkeit der Heterogenität der Schläge in den Löss- und Sandlösslandschaften zu differenzierten Ergebnissen. Durch den Einsatz von Grablochbeschrieben lässt sich der Aufwand an Analysen und Geländeerkundungen zur Interpretation der ECa-Werte reduzieren. Auf eine Verifizierung mit aktuellen Analysen sollte noch nicht verzichtet werden. Der Einsatz eines Tools, das auf Grundlage der Messwerte repräsentative Probenstandorte bestimmt, hilft den quantitativen Aufwand zu optimiere

Trial of Prasinezumab in Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease

Background: Aggregated α-synuclein plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. The monoclonal antibody prasinezumab, directed at aggregated α-synuclein, is being studied for its effect on Parkinson's disease.Methods: In this phase 2 trial, we randomly assigned participants with early-stage Parkinson's disease in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive intravenous placebo or prasinezumab at a dose of 1500 mg or 4500 mg every 4 weeks for 52 weeks. The primary end point was the change from baseline to week 52 in the sum of scores on parts I, II, and III of the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS; range, 0 to 236, with higher scores indicating greater impairment). Secondary end points included the dopamine transporter levels in the putamen of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the clinically more affected side of the body, as measured by 123I-ioflupane single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT).Results: A total of 316 participants were enrolled; 105 were assigned to receive placebo, 105 to receive 1500 mg of prasinezumab, and 106 to receive 4500 mg of prasinezumab. The baseline mean MDS-UPDRS scores were 32.0 in the placebo group, 31.5 in the 1500-mg group, and 30.8 in the 4500-mg group, and mean (±SE) changes from baseline to 52 weeks were 9.4±1.2 in the placebo group, 7.4±1.2 in the 1500-mg group (difference vs. placebo, -2.0; 80% confidence interval [CI], -4.2 to 0.2; P = 0.24), and 8.8±1.2 in the 4500-mg group (difference vs. placebo, -0.6; 80% CI, -2.8 to 1.6; P = 0.72). There was no substantial difference between the active-treatment groups and the placebo group in dopamine transporter levels on SPECT. The results for most clinical secondary end points were similar in the active-treatment groups and the placebo group. Serious adverse events occurred in 6.7% of the participants in the 1500-mg group and in 7.5% of those in the 4500-mg group; infusion reactions occurred in 19.0% and 34.0%, respectively.Conclusions: Prasinezumab therapy had no meaningful effect on global or imaging measures of Parkinson's disease progression as compared with placebo and was associated with infusion reactions. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche and Prothena Biosciences; PASADENA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03100149.)