Surviving the Early Years of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act

A system that increasingly stigmatized its recipients only became more stigmatizing with the enactment in 1996 of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) program. This program has been so successful in deterring cashneedy people from applying for assistance that the decline in participation from the start of the program continues-even in times of economic downturn. The study reported here follows 150 impoverished families during the first three years of PRWORA, when the economy was booming. The data were derived from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project of 1996-2001. Through this secondary analysis a construct was developed that measured the men\u27s identity as fathers. In keeping with PRWORA\u27s use of the labor market as the source for economic well-being, the research studied the relationship between the construct for the fathers\u27 identity and the fathers\u27 long-term employment, and found the construct to positively affect the fathers\u27 employment

Review of \u3cem\u3eAll I Want is a Job: Unemployed Women Navigating the Public Workforce System\u3c/em\u3e. Mary Gatta. Reviewed by Joyce Bialik.

Mary Gatta, All I Want is a Job: Unemployed Women Navigating the Public Workforce System. Stanford University Press (2014), 168 pages, $19.95 (paperback)

Diffusion of bedload particles in open-channel flows : distribution of travel times and second-order statistics of particle trajectories

Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the reviewers for thorough reviews, constructive comments and useful suggestions that have been gratefully incorporated in the final manuscript. Funding for this research was provided in part by the Institute of Geophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences through the Project for Young Scientists No. 16/IGF PAN/2011/Mł ‘‘Dynamics and topography of riverbed forms: an analysis of experimental data and modelling of sediment transport in the light of Einstein’s theory’’, by Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education within statutory activities No. 3841/E-41/S/2015, and by EPSRC, UK (EP/G056404/1) within the project ‘‘High-resolution numerical and experimental studies of turbulence-induced sediment erosion and near-bed transport.’’ Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Halakhá y Aggadahl

Halakhá y Aggadah, fue publicado con el título "Halacha und Aggada" en la revista Derjude (número 4,1919" 1920, pp. 61-77). Debido a su interés histórico, se han respetado las notas al pie del autor. La traducción es de Kurt Spang

Recent changes on the biopharmaceutical market after the introduction of biosimilar G-CSF products

The biologic medicine market is the fastest growing segment of the global pharmaceutical market. However, the high price of biologic medicines is a challenge for the constrained budget of healthcare systems. The introduction of biosimilars — copies of therapeutic biologics — has ensured a high degree of competition on the market and consequently has expanded patient access to advanced therapies and has evolved the overall patient treatment costs. One of the first medicines that was approved in Europe based on the abbreviated registration process was a biosimilar version of filgrastim. In this review we investigate the impact of biosimilar G-CSF products on the market. The influence of the competition on the price change and the cost of therapy were analysed. Our findings reveal that the impact of biosimilars on the healthcare system is multi-factored and therefore difficult to predict. A competitive environment induces the price reduction even for second-generation products. However, at the same time, no correlation between the biosimilar market share and the discount was noticed. It seems that the observed changes reflect the mix of economic conditions including the situation on the national market before introduction of biosimilars, local adoption of treatment practices influenced by the pricing system, and the payer’s decision on drug reimbursement

When the GERM Hosts the Antidote: The Surprising New Birth of Israel's Anti-GERM Pre-K Policy

Since the 1970's Israel's educational policy has been going through a change generated by the neo-liberal agenda. In this light, it is not surprising that since the 1990's Israel has adopted the Global Education Reform Movement (GERM) and its main characteristics in its education system. In this light, the current research will focus on a newly born pre-K policy formation process that went on its way characterized as being GERM in nature, but ended up with anti-GERM characteristics. Using historical-narrative qualitative tools, this paper will portray and analyze main factors that generated the new anti-GERMian reform. We will outline conclusions from the Israeli case study to a potential theoretical referential framework that emphasis a more complex, hybrid or dual outlook at the GERM containing its antidote within itself

Ecological effect of modernization of a metallurgical furnace

In the paper, a feasible ecological effect of modernization of a conventional metallurgical furnace intended for charge material preheating before plastic working processes is described. The modernization activities involved replacement of the previous recuperator, the negative pressure control system of the furnace and a proposal for application of modern low emission burners. The suggested design of a recuperator with a higher energy recovery level due to a decreased flue gas temperature will contribute to reduced consumption of electrical energy that is necessary for the extraction ventilator drive. The modernization activities led to decreased total process-induced CO2 emissions resulting from lower consumption of gas and electrical energy (nearly 11 % in relation to the state before the modernization)