Biosand Water Filter Evaluation: Meta-Evaluation and Pilot Study of Field Use Indicators

Diarrheal diseases are a global public health burden, killing 1.8 million people annually. Diarrhea disproportionately affects children and those in poverty. Most diarrheal cases can be prevented through safe drinking water, basic hygiene and/or sanitation measures, with drinking water interventions having the most impact on reducing diarrheal disease. A meta-evaluation was completed of studies evaluating a specific household water treatment method, the biosand water filter. Results from the meta-evaluation illustrate that biosand water filters improve drinking water quality and reduce diarrheal disease. However, there is no generally agreed upon field method for determining biosand water filter effectiveness that is useable in low-resource communities. A pilot study was conducted of potential field use indicators, including the Colilert coliform Presence/ Absence test, hydrogen sulfide, alkalinity, hardness, pH, and fluorescently-labeled latex microspheres. The study included both laboratory and field testing. The Colilert Presence/ Absence test had the highest correlation to the United States Environmental Protection Agency standard method (IDEXX Quantitrays), but more data is needed before making a recommendation. This study adds to understanding about evaluation of biosand water filters and provides preliminary data to address the need for a field use indicator for biosand water filters

Implementasi Kebijakan Penyaluran Hibah dan Bantuan Sosial Kemasyarakatan di Kabupaten Kubu Raya

Implementasi kebijakan adalah suatu kegiatan yang dimaksudkan untuk mengoperasikan sebuah program dengan memperhatikan tiga aktivitas utama kegiatan, yaitu: 1) Organisasi, pembentukan atau penataan kembali sumber daya, unit-unit serta metode untuk menunjang agar program berjalan, 2) Interpretasi, menafsirkan agar program menjadi rencana dan pengarahan yang tepat dan dapat diterima serta dilaksanakan, dan 3) Aplikasi (penerapan), berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan rutin yang meliputi penyediaan barang dan jasa. Program hibah dan bantuan sosial kemasyarakatan di Kabupaten Kubu Raya memiliki unit kerja yang menangani program hibah dan bantuan sosial kemasyarakatan dalam bidang perekonomian, pendidikan, kesehatan, keagamaan, kesenian, adat istiadat, dan keolahragaan non-profesional. Proses pelaksanaan hibah dan bantuan sosial kemasyarakatan sudah sesuai dengan prosedur dan tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Penerapan implementasi kebijakan penyaluran hibah dan bantuan sosial kemasyarakatan di Kabupaten Kubu Raya Realisasi hibah berupa barang dan/atau jasa dikonversikan sesuai standar akuntansi pemerintahan pada laporan realisasi anggaran dan diungkapkan pada catatan atas laporan keuangan dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Koordinasi antara pelaksana program harus ditingkatkan, dengan cara melegalisasi tim koordinasi melalui pembuatan surat keputusan (SK). Koordinasi juga harus melibatkan tokoh agama, tokoh masyarakat, kalangan perguruan tinggi, dan usahawan

Implementasi Program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) Sebagai Upaya Percepatan Pendaftaran Tanah Di Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kabupaten Simalungun

This study aims to find out and describe how the Implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program at the National Land Agency of Simalungun Regency. This research uses descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews, observation and documentation to key informants and key informants involved in the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration implementation program. The data obtained were then analyzed qualitatively by reviewing all of data supported by Van Meter and Van Horn theory which included policy standards and objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, implementor dispositions, communication between organizations, and the economic, social environment, politics. From the results of the study, the Implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program at the National Land Agency of Simalungun Regency was found to be running well even though the existing human resources or implementing personnel were still lacking in quantity. So that implementation both in the field and at the office must work with an inappropriate workload

The Importance of Positive Interaction within Assistance Work in Appalachia

Central Appalachia experiences disproportionate rates of poverty. Historical exploitation has resulted in a lack of trust in others. Appalachia Service Project (ASP) utilizes interpersonal interactions as a way to market their free home repair services to a hesitant region. This study is an extension of a qualitative project about the link between housing repairs and health. The purpose is to highlight the impact that positive interaction with ASP has on willingness to receive assistance through service organizations in rural East Tennessee. Twenty-eight phone interviews were recorded through Zoom and thematic analysis was done using NVivo software. Twenty-four (86%) of those interviewed increased in their willingness to receive assistance based on their positive experience. Themes included being treated with dignity and respect, quality time, the intergenerational interface, reciprocity, and being spiritually uplifted. Further research is suggested regarding the affect religious communities, honor culture, rurality, and industrial ties have on willingness to receive assistance

PENGARUH PENGAJARAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS BAGI PEMELAJAR BIPA TINGKAT PEMULA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengajaran keterampilan menulis BIPA bagi tingkat pemula. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskripsi dengan menggunakan kualitatif. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan melakukan obsevasi serta study literatur (Metode Studi literatur adalah serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat, serta mengelolah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka diperoleh data bahwa pengaruh dalam pengajaran Menulis bagi Penutur BIPA sangat berdampak dengan keberhasilan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai pengaruh pengajaran menulis bagi BIPA tingkat Pemula adalah Menggunakan media digitalisasi pembelajaran melalui metode langsung (luring) dan google classroom Penutur asing dapat menciptakan suatu tulisan dengan media pulpen dan kertas yang berisi tentang pengalaman secarap pribadi. Ada empat ketrampilan berbahasaMembaca, Menulis, Menyimak dan Berbicara. Seorang pemelajar BIPA harus mampu menguasai 4 Keterampilan dalam berbahasa, dengan tujuan agar memudahkan kemahiran dan pemahaman terhadap bahasa itu sendiri, misalnya bahasa Indonesia. Bahasa Indonesia merupakan bahasa yang menarik, bahasa yang mudah diucapkan dan bahasa yang mudah dipahami. Melalui keterampilan menulis penutur BIPA akan memudahkan dalam kemahiran dalam berkomunikasi menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia

Student Population Awareness and Utilization of University Provided Mental Health Resources

Purpose: A study done at a mid-sized American University assessed the student population’s awareness and utilization of university provided mental health resources. Methods: The study was completed using a survey of students with multiple choice, true/false and free response questions. Data were analyzed for any significant correlations. Results: The results of the study provide a groundwork for future research despite limitations. The research showed that most of the students, including seniors, did not know many of the mental health resources offered on campus and had important misconceptions, such as thinking the counseling office was part of the student conduct office. Conclusion: Efforts are needed to increase student awareness of mental health resources on campus and further study should be done to investigate the determinants of misconceptions

They Built My Soul: A Qualitative Analysis of the Impacts of Home Repairs in Rural Tennessee

Background: Housing is an important social determinant of health and substandard housing is linked to physical, mental, and social health problems. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to qualitatively assess the impacts of repairs to substandard housing in rural East Tennessee through twenty-eight interviews. Methods: Zoom was utilized for recording phone interviews in January– February 2021 and NVivo software was used for thematic analysis in May–July 2021. Results: Themes that emerged included environmental risk reduction, impacts on physical health, impacts on mental health, impacts on financial well-being, and willingness to receive future assistance from service organizations. Implications: Further research is recommended to quantify impacts including effects on utilization of health care and community services, school and work attendance, and mental health impacts

Proceedings of the international collaborative effort on injury statistics, Volume 1

Called "Volume I" as it is the proceedings of the first meeting."On May 18-20, 1994 the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) convened the first symposium of the International Collaborative Effort (ICE) on Injury Statistics. This symposium was co-sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health"--p. iii.Also available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographic references

Proceedings of the International Collaborative Effort on Automating Mortality Statistics, Volume II

Arialdi M. Minino and Harry M. Rosenberg, editors."September 2001.""Second plenary meeting of the International Collaborative Effort on Automating Mortality Statistics held in Bethesda, Maryland, September 7-10, 1999"--Pref.Sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics.Also available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references

Proceedings of the International Collaborative Effort on Perinatal and Infant Mortality, Volume 1: papers presented at the International Symposium on Perinatal and Infant Mortality, 1984 ; Bethesda, Maryland

On August 6-9, 1984, the International Collaborative Effort (ICD) on Perinatal and Infant Mortality of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) convened an International Symposium for the purpose of coordinating research activities of NCHS with parallel activities in selected industrialized countries. The results of these activities are expected to provide guidance for Public Health Service programs and activities designed to improve infant health and reduce the disparities that currently exist between racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups in the United States. The ICE Planning Group is comprised of members from the National Center for Health Statistics, the Center for Environmental Health of the Centers for Disease Control, the Division of Maternal and Child Health of the Health Resources and Services Administration, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health and the Association of Vital Records and Health Statistics. This group also includes two eminent researchers from each of six countries: the Federal Republic of Germany, Great Britain, Israel, Japan, Norway and Sweden. The participants of the Symposium included as well epidemiologists, physicians, researchers, health statisticians and health planners experienced in the areas of perinatal and infant health and mortality conditions. The Symposium devoted the first 2 days to presentations describing recent trends and levels, health care systems, and current research and developments related to perinatal and infant mortality in each country represented. On the third day, the participants divided into 4 working groups on: . Risk factors affecting pregnancy outcome; Clinical interventions related to fetal health; Clinical interventions related to infant health; Community interventions. Reports were prepared and presented on the fourth and final day. Recommendations for research activities of mutual concern were made. By publishing these Proceedings, it is hoped that the communication and collaboration will continue far beyond this Symposium.sponsored by National Center for Health Statistics.Includes bibliographical references