38 research outputs found

    The role of language proficiency in producing false memories

    Get PDF
    [ENG]We report three experiments examining the role that language proficiency plays in the production of false memory. We constructed Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm lists using both English and Spanish free association norms, which enabled us to control the associations between studied items and critical words. Experiment 1 showed that native English speakers who were learning Spanish produced more false memory when DRM critical words were studied and tested in English compared to Spanish. Experiment 2 showed that native Spanish speakers who were learning English produced more false memory when DRM critical words were studied and tested in Spanish compared to English. Experiment 3 showed that native Spanish speakers who were highly proficient in English produced more false memory for DRM critical words studied and tested in English compared to native Spanish speakers who were lower in English proficiency. Collectively, these results support the role that the automaticity of concept access plays in producing false memory

    No effect of stress on false recognition

    Get PDF
    [ENG]Background: The present study aimed to analyze the effect of acute stress on false recognition in the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. In this paradigm, lists of words associated with a non-presented critical lure are studied and, in a subsequent memory test, critical lures are often falsely remembered. Method: In two experiments, participants were randomly assigned to either the stress group (Trier Social Stress Test) or the nostress control group. Because we sought to control the level-of-processing at encoding, in Experiment 1, participants created a visual mental image for each presented word (deep encoding). In Experiment 2, participants performed a shallow encoding (to respond whether each word contained the letter “o”). Results: The results indicated that, in both experiments, as predicted, heart rate and STAI-S scores increased only in the stress group. However, false recognition did not differ across stress and nostress groups. Conclusions: Results suggest that, although psychosocial stress was successfully induced, it does not enhance the vulnerability of individuals with acute stress to DRM false recognition, regardless of the level of processing. [ES]Ausencia de efecto del estrés sobre el reconocimiento falso. Antecedentes: en este estudio se analiza el efecto del estrés agudo sobre el reconocimiento falso empleando el paradigma Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM). En este paradigma se estudian listas de palabras asociadas a una palabra crítica no presentada, palabras a menudo falsamente recordadas en una posterior prueba de memoria. Método: se realizaron dos experimentos en los que los participantes se distribuían aleatoriamente en dos grupos: grupo estrés (Trier Social Stress Test) y grupo control no-estrés. En los dos experimentos se controló el nivel de procesamiento empleado durante la codifi cación. En el Experimento 1, los participantes debían crear una imagen visual mental para cada palabra estudiada (codifi cación profunda). En el Experimento 2, los participantes realizaban una codifi cación superfi cial (responder si cada palabra contenía la letra “o”). Resultados: los resultados indicaban que, en ambos experimentos, como se predecía, la tasa cardiaca y las puntuaciones en el STAI-E aumentaban solo en el grupo estrés. En cambio, el reconocimiento falso no difería entre los grupos. Conclusiones: los datos sugieren que, aunque se consiguió inducir adecuadamente estrés psicosocial, no se incrementó la vulnerabilidad de los individuos sometidos a estrés al reconocimiento falso, con independencia del nivel de procesamiento que se hubiera empleado
    corecore