Distribution, abundance and biological studies of economically important fishes in the South China Sea, Area I: East coast of Peninsular Malaysia

This paper presents species distributions, composition and biological parameters of major fish species caught from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia during the one week surveys made in pre- and post-Northeast monsoon seasons. The fish species rankings changed over time and at different depth strata. The catch rates were decreased toward deeper water. An appearance of smaller fish group was greater during the post-Northeast than pre-Northeast monsoon season. Fish populations occurred at both seasons were represented from different spawning group. Their growths were isometric form in weight

Groundwater resources assessment using numerical model : a case study in low-lying coastal area.

The impacts of climate change and human pressure in groundwater have been greatest threats facing small islands. This paper represents a case study of groundwater responses towards the climate change and human pressures in Manukan Island Malaysia. SEAWAT-2000 was used for the simulations of groundwater response in study area. Simulations of six scenarios representing climate change and human pressures showed changes in hydraulic heads and chloride concentrations. Reduction in pumping rate and an increase in recharge rate can alter the bad effects of overdrafts in Manukan Island. In general, reduction in pumping rate and an increase in recharge rate are capable to restore and protect the groundwater resources in Manukan Island. Thus, for groundwater management options in Manukan Island, scenario 2 is capable to lessen the seawater intrusion into the aquifer and sustain water resources on a long-term basis. The selection of scenario 6 is the preeminent option during wet season. The output of this study provides a foundation which can be used in other small islands of similar hydrogeological condition for the purpose of groundwater resources protection

Distribution, Abundance and Biological Studies of Economically Important Fishes in the South China Sea, Area I: East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

This paper presents species distributions, composition and biological parameters of major fish species caught from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia during the one week surveys made in preand post-Northeast monsoon seasons. The fish species rankings changed over time and at different depth strata. The catch rates were decreased toward deeper water. An appearance of smaller fish group was greater during the post-Northeast than pre-Northeast monsoon season. Fish populations occurred at both seasons were represented from different spawning group. Their growths were isometric form in weight

Some methods of preponderance in resolving issues of modern biotechnology

The development of modern biotechnological plants through genetic engineering techniques is a method to improve the quality of crops in terms of quality and quantity. However, the debate among scientists and Muslim scholars in regarding with public interest and public corruption as to plant products that produced by modern biotechnology which is well-known now a days as Genetically Modified (GM) food is never stop. Thus, in the Islamic law there are a few methods of preponderance or predominance which could be used in order to find out the best way out of confusion in certain cases for legal rulings, especially in the cases relating to GM food. The objectives of this study are to examine the considerations of maslahah and mafsadah in purposes of Islamic law in relating to issues of modern biotechnology and to elucidate the methods of preponderance as well. It is important to understand here is everything that existed on this earth whether it occurs naturally or is present through the efforts of research and human expertise, all have benefits or advantages and risks or disadvantages. In the view of Islamic law if a biotechnological product is produced by hybrid efforts of using unlawful genes it is certainly clear can be categorized as illegal to be consumed then it becomes forbidden. But however, there are many products that are produced through biotechnological processes are unclearly able to decide easily whether they are lawful or unlawful for consumption by consumers. As such, a few methods laid down in this study are the first attempt to give a way out of difficulties for easily making legal rulings in this issue. So, it is hoped that the substance of this study will give an initial guidance for Muslim scholars to make legal judgment if they are facing the issues of GM foo