GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PURE ARABIAN BREEDING IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Pure arab breeding in the Republic of Croatia has very long tradition. Till the 18th century organized breeding was implemented only in bishop Stud Farm Đakovo. Afterwards pure arab breeding was implemented in many private Stud Farms mostly located in Slavonian and Srijem region. Pure arab, traditional arab and araber (arabrasse) population of horses make together arabian breeding in the Republic of Croatia. Numerical strength of these three populations has increasing trend through out the years. First imports which were ground for foundation of pure arab breeding in Croatia realized in year 1991. Today, population of pure arab breeding count 37 head, from which 28 is imported and 9 born in Croatia. Pedigree depth in 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 generation show average coefficient of inbreeding of 1.899%, 3.15%, 4.413%, 5.434%, 6.243%, 6.974% and 7.552%. According to genealogy in all pedigree depths, coefficient of inbreeding was higher (P < 0.01) in imported arab horses than in those born in Croatia

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PURE ARABIAN BREEDING IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Pure arab breeding in the Republic of Croatia has very long tradition. Till the 18th century organized breeding was implemented only in bishop Stud Farm Đakovo. Afterwards pure arab breeding was implemented in many private Stud Farms mostly located in Slavonian and Srijem region. Pure arab, traditional arab and araber (arabrasse) population of horses make together arabian breeding in the Republic of Croatia. Numerical strength of these three populations has increasing trend through out the years. First imports which were ground for foundation of pure arab breeding in Croatia realized in year 1991. Today, population of pure arab breeding count 37 head, from which 28 is imported and 9 born in Croatia. Pedigree depth in 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 generation show average coefficient of inbreeding of 1.899%, 3.15%, 4.413%, 5.434%, 6.243%, 6.974% and 7.552%. According to genealogy in all pedigree depths, coefficient of inbreeding was higher (P < 0.01) in imported arab horses than in those born in Croatia

Microarray-based ultra-high resolution discovery of genomic deletion mutations

BACKGROUND: Oligonucleotide microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) offers an attractive possible route for the rapid and cost-effective genome-wide discovery of deletion mutations. CGH typically involves comparison of the hybridization intensities of genomic DNA samples with microarray chip representations of entire genomes, and has widespread potential application in experimental research and medical diagnostics. However, the power to detect small deletions is low. RESULTS: Here we use a graduated series of Arabidopsis thaliana genomic deletion mutations (of sizes ranging from 4 bp to ~5 kb) to optimize CGH-based genomic deletion detection. We show that the power to detect smaller deletions (4, 28 and 104 bp) depends upon oligonucleotide density (essentially the number of genome-representative oligonucleotides on the microarray chip), and determine the oligonucleotide spacings necessary to guarantee detection of deletions of specified size. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings will enhance a wide range of research and clinical applications, and in particular will aid in the discovery of genomic deletions in the absence of a priori knowledge of their existence

To evaluate the efficacy of Siravyadha and Basti in the management of Siraja Granthi (Varicose Vein) - A Comparative Clinical Study

Background: In this changed lifestyle of human beings, he has become a victim of several diseases, amongst them one is Varicose Veins, which are caused due to long standing or sitting in chairs which causes extra load on veins to pump the blood against gravity towards the Heart, especially the veins of the legs. Finally the veins get fatigued that leads to dilation and cause Varicosity in veins. Objectives: To compare the effect of Siravyadhana and Basti in the management of Siraja Granthi (Varicose Vein). Methods: Cases presenting with classical signs and symptoms of Siraja Granthi were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A was treated with Siravyadhana and Group B were subjected for Sahacharadi Basti. The data was collected before treatment and after 8th day and 30th days. The obtained data was statistically analyzed. Results: 20 patients in Group A, 93.33% reduction was seen in Shoola, while 93.02% reduction was found in Group B. In Gaurava 86.36% reduction was found in Group A and 85.71% reduction was seen in Group B. Shotha was decreased by 67.74% in Group A, while 62.65% in Group B. In Sira Utseda, 54.05% reduction was seen in Group A and 47.36% reduction in Group B. Conclusion: Group A, cases showed better improvement. Out of 20 patients, 2 patients got complete remission in Group A, 2 patients showed excellent response, while in Group B, 6 patients showed excellent response, In Group A and B, 11 and 8 patients showed good response respectively. In Group A and B, 5 and 6 patients showed moderate response

БЮДЖЕТНО-ПОДАТКОВА ПОЛІТИКА: ТЕОРІЯ ТА ПРАКТИКА ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ

The article is devoted to defining  theoretical principles, tools, and mechanisms of fiscal policy; compliance of Ukrainian fiscal policy with existing theoretical principles and practice in this area of government  regulation in developed countries.The main stages in the evolution of Keynesian strategies of macro regulation are highlighted.We analyzed current phase, which is defined as a phase of fiscal consolidation that started at the theoretical level with discussions on what is more effective: a policy based on stringent rules and laws or policy based on circumstances. It is emphasized that practical importance of theoretical discussions was increased with side effects, that have arisen during the economic policies to overcome the global financial crisis of 2008-2009. Overview of the basic measures stimulating fiscal policy pursued by developed countries to overcome the financial crisis of 2008-2009 is provided. It is determined that the leading countries adhere to common tactic of stimulating fiscal policy and concluded that despite some modifications, fiscal policy is based on the basic postulates of Keynesian theory of macroeconomic regulation and experience of anti-crisis policy of recent years proves its efficiency in modern conditions of information and network economy. The content of Ukrainian fiscal policy in modern terms is revealed. Factors that are crucial for fiscal policy are systematized. It was found that in recent years a contractionary policy was implemented, due to the need for fiscal consolidation, and despite the economic downturn, rising unemployment, reduced total expenditures.The following features of fiscal policy are determined: reaction is not systematic, but rather pointed; discretionary fiscal policy mechanism prevails; there is a discrepancy between the versions of the fiscal policy and the phases of the economic cycle, due to both objective factors such as the existence of military conflict and the lack of necessary funds and government implementation of quasi-fiscal operations, and focus on the action of purely economic factors to improve economic situation in the country.Статья посвящена определению теоретических основ, инструментов, механизмов бюджетно-налоговой политики и соответствия мер бюджетно-налоговой политики Украины существующим теоретическим положениям и практике проведения данного направления государственного регулирования экономики в развитых странах. Выделено основные этапы эволюции кейнсианской стратегии макрорегулирования. Обобщенно основные меры стимулирующей бюджетно-налоговой политики, которую проводили развитые страны для преодоления последствий финансово-экономического кризиса 2008-2009 гг. Раскрыто содержание бюджетно-налоговой политики Украины в современных условиях, систематизировано факторы, которые являются определяющими для её проведения.Стаття присвячена визначенню теоретичних засад, інструментів, механізмів бюджетно-податкової політики та відповідності  заходів бюджетно-податкової політики України існуючим теоретичним положенням і практиці проведення даного напряму державного регулювання економіки у розвинутих країнах. Виділено основні етапи еволюції кейнсіанської стратегії макрорегулювання. Узагальнено основні заходи стимулюючої бюджетно-податкової політики, яку проводили розвинуті країни для подолання наслідків фінансово-економічної кризи  2008-2009 рр. Розкрито зміст бюджетно-податкової політики України в сучасних умовах, систематизовано фактори, що є визначальними для проведення бюджетно-податкової політики

Analasys of status of Arab horses breeding in the Republic of Croatia

Arapski konji kao najstarija pasmina imali su značajnu ulogu u povijesti civilizacije. Uzgoj arapskih konja na tlu Hrvatske ima vrlo dugu tradiciju, a u naše krajeve dolaze dolaskom Turaka. Izuzev u biskupijskoj ergeli u Đakovu, nije bilo organiziranog uzgoja sve do 18. stoljeća. Nakon toga, uzgoj arapskih konja provodio se u brojnim privatnim veleposjedničkim ergelama od kojih se najveći broj nalazio na području Slavonije i Srijema. Broj arapskih konja u Hrvatskoj raste iz godinu u godinu. U 2004. godini završena je i sistematiziranje uzgoja arapskih konja u Republici Hrvatskoj, kojom je hrvatski arapski uzgoj podijeljen na dvije skupine, čistokrvni arapski uzgoj i tradicionalni hrvatski arapski uzgoj. Ukupnu populaciju arapskih konja čini 90% grla tradicionalnog i 10% čistokrvnog arapskog ugoja. U hrvatskom arapskom uzgoju zastupljeno je 8 linija pastuha i 8 rodova kobila. Pojedine linije i rodovi sparivanjem grla čistokrvnog i tradicionalnog uzgoja isprepliću se kroz obje subpopulacije.Arab horses as the oldest breed had an important fole in the history of civilisation. Arab horses breeding in the teritory of Croatia has a very long tradition, and they came in our country with the Turks arrival. Exept of the bishop studfarm in Đakovo, there was not an organized breeding up untill the 18th century. After that, Arab horse breeding has been conducted in numerous private large holders studfarm and the most of them was on the area of Slavonia and Srijem. The number of Arab horses is increasing every year. In year of 2004 systematics of Arab horses in the Republic of Croatia is completed. Total population of arab horses is composed of 90% of traditional horses and 10% of pure blood Arab breeding. In Croatian breeding of Arab horses, the 8 male and 8 female lines are present. Certain male and female lines by mating heads of pure blood and traditional breeding are interweaving through both subpopulation

REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF THOROUGHBRED MARES IN CROATIA

For the purpose of gaining better cognition on Thoroughbred breeding in Croatia, reproductive parameters of 87 Thoroughbred mares were analyzed. An average age of the first covering and foaling were 5.9 and 6.6 years, respectively. The average gestation length was 341.1 days and the most frequent foaling period (20.2% of foalings) was recorded between 336 to 340 days of gestation. Prolonged gestation period (p<0.05) was determined in colts. The gestation length was the longest in January (344.4 days) and the shortest in July (324.0 days). Between the gestation length and the age of the mare no significant correlation was found. There was a trend of foaling rate decreasing in mares older than 11 years. The highest number of successively registered foalings with 10 live born foals was observed on 2 individual samples. The greatest number of foalings occurred in April (30.9%), whilst there was no foaling in October. The genders were 50.6% male and 49.4% female foals. The incidence of abortions was 7.3%. Although indicators point to the breeding strategy heading towards the right direction, by educating the owners and with frequent veterinary supervision, especially for twin reduction, the reproductive performance could be enhanced

Development and pilot implementation of a novel protocol to assess capacity and readiness of health systems to adopt HPV detection-based cervical cancer screening in Europe

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern in Europe. Effective introduction and scaling up of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection-based cervical cancer screening (CCS) requires a systematic assessment of health systems capacity. However, there is no validated capacity assessment methodology for CCS programmes, especially in European contexts. Addressing this gap, our study introduces an innovative and adaptable protocol for evaluating the capacity of CCS programmes across varying European health system settings. METHODS: Our research team developed a three-step capacity assessment framework, incorporating a health policy review checklist, a facility visit survey, and key informants' interview guide followed by a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis. Piloting this comprehensive approach, we explored the CCS capacity in three countries: Estonia, Portugal and Romania. These countries were selected due to their contrasting healthcare structures and resources, providing a diverse overview of the European context. RESULTS: Conducted over a period of 9 months, the capacity assessment covered multiple resources, 27 screening centres, 16 colposcopy and treatment centres and 15 key informant interviews. Our analysis highlighted both shared and country-specific challenges. A key common issue was ensuring high compliance to follow-up and management of screen-positive women. We identified considerable heterogeneity in resources and organization across the three countries, underscoring the need for tailored, rather than one-size-fits-all, solutions. CONCLUSIONS: Our study's novelty lies in the successful development of this capacity assessment methodology implementable within a relatively short time frame, proving its feasibility for use in various contexts and countries. The resulting set of materials, adaptable to different cancer types, is a ready-to-use toolkit to improve cancer screening processes and outcomes. This research marks a significant stride towards comprehensive capacity assessment for CCS programmes in Europe. Future directions include deploying these tools in other countries and cancer types, thereby contributing to the global fight against cancer. © 2024. The Author(s).CBIG-SCREEN has received funding from the EU Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 964049. Official starting date: 1 March 2021

Breeding systematization of autochthonous horse breed Croatia posavac

Hrvatski posavac je autohtona pasmina konja. Uzgojno područje je prostor Sisačko-moslavačke i dijelom Zagrebačke županije. U cilju dobivanja više podataka o uzgoju kako bi se uzgojni program što uspješnije provodio u 2004. godini započeta je sistematizacija uzgoja hrvatskog posavca. U formiranje rodova u obzir su uzeta isključivo umatičena (žigovana) ženska grla. Rezultat sistematizacije je formiranje 726 rodova kobila s velikom varijacijom u broju kobila prema rodu (2 do 37). Brojno najveći rod kobila s 37 grla je P97, dok je čak 265 rodova brojilo samo 2 kobile. Prosječna veličina progenih grupa umatičenih kobila prema pastuhu iznosila je 9,4 s rasponom varijacije od 1 do 61 kobile kćerke. Kao očevi umatičenih kobila pojavljuju se 484 pastuha, od kojih je 228 umatičenih (20%) a 256 pastuha očeva poznato je samo po imenu (22%). Bez poznatog porijekla po očevoj strani umatičeno je 655 kobila (58 %).Croatian posavac is autochthonous horse breed. Breeding area is the area of the Sisačko-moslavačka county and a part of Zagrebačka county. With a goal of getting more data about breeding so that the breeding program would be successfully conducted, in 2004 the breeding systematization of autochthonous horse breed Croatian posavac has begun. In the line forming, only registered females were taken into consideration. The result of systematization is forming of 726 female lines with great variation in the numbers of mares by the line (2 to 37). Numerously biggest mare line with 37 heads is P97, while even 265 lines counts only 2 mares. The average size of progeny groups of registrated mares by the stallion was 9,4 with variation range from 1 to 61 mare daughter. As the sires of registrated mares there were 484 stallions, from which 228 were registrated (20%) and 256 sires were known only by the name (22%). 655 mares (58%) were registrated wihtout known ancestry by father side