6,015 research outputs found
RG Flows and Stability in Defect Field Theories
We investigate defects in scalar field theories in four and six dimensions in
a double-scaling (semiclassical) limit, where bulk loops are suppressed and
quantum effects come from the defect coupling. We compute -functions up
to four loops and find that fixed points satisfy dimensional disentanglement --
i.e. their dependence on the space dimension is factorized from the coupling
dependence -- and discuss some physical implications. We also give an
alternative derivation of the functions by computing systematic
logarithmic corrections to the Coulomb potential. In this natural scheme,
functions turn out to be a gradient of a `Hamiltonian' function . We also obtain closed formulas for the dimension of scalar operators and
show that instabilities do not occur for potentials bounded from below. The
same formulas are reproduced using Rigid Holography.Comment: 35 pages, 1 figure; v2: added reference
Defects, Rigid Holography and -theorems
We consider a general scalar QFT with a linear defect in and a
surface defect in . Using holography and the Hamilton-Jacobi
formalism, we show that the functions controlling the defect RG flow
are the gradient of the entropy function. In the case of conformal field
theories, this allows the proof that the relevant -functions decrease
monotonically along the RG flow. We provide evidence that this property also
holds in the full quantum theory for general scalar field theories. An
obstruction to the gradient property seems to appear at two loop order when
fermions are added.Comment: 6 pages, no figures; v2: published versio
Genetic variability of the ovine αs1-casein
The casein genetic polymorphisms are important for their effects on quantitative traits and technological properties of milk. At the αs1-casein (CSN1S1) level three genetic variants were characterised (A, C, D) in ovine milk (Ferranti et al., 1995)
Design of qos-aware energy-efficient fiberâwireless access networks
Energy-efïŹcient network design has recently become a very important topic because of the energy cost increases in service providersâ infrastructures. This is of particular importance in access networks because of the growing demand for digital trafïŹc by end users. Here we address the challenge of reducing the energy consumption of ïŹberâwireless (FiWi) access networks, that use both optical
and radio frequency technologies to provide high bandwidth and ubiquity for end-user applications, while keeping delay under a threshold. Our goal is to ïŹnd optimal sleep mode schedulings that allow energy consumption to be reduced while keeping packet delay acceptable. For this purpose a mathematical formalization and an algorithm are developed.
The results show that the proposed approach is able to reduce the average packet delay, with negligible energy cost increases,
in many scenarios, besides being computationally efïŹcient and scalable. The proposed approach may, therefore, serve as
a basis for planning and design of quality of service-aware energy-efïŹcient FiWi access networks.This work was supported by FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) of Portugal within CEOT (Center for Electronic, Optoelectronic and Telecommunications)
Design, development and orchestration of 5G-ready applications over sliced programmable infrastructure
5G networks design and evolution is considered as a key to support the introduction of digital technologies in economic and societal processes. Towards this direction, vertical industries' needs should be considered as drivers of 5G networks design and development with high priority. In the current manuscript, MATILDA is presented, as a holistic 5G end-to-end services operational framework tackling the overall lifecycle of design, development and orchestration of 5G-ready applications and 5G network services over programmable infrastructure, following a unified programmability model and a set of control abstractions
Casein haplotype structure in five Italian goat breeds
The aim of this work was to investigate the genetic structure of the casein gene cluster in 5 Italian goat breeds and to evaluate the haplotype variability within and among populations. A total of 430 goats from Vallesana, Roccaverano, Jonica, Garganica, and Maltese breeds were genotyped at alphas1-casein (CSN1S1), alphas2-casein, (CSN1S2), beta-casein (CSN2), and kappa-casein (CSN3) loci using several genomic techniques and milk protein analysis. Casein haplotype frequencies were estimated for each breed. Principal component analysis was carried out to highlight the relationship among breeds. Allele and haplotype distributions indicated considerable differences among breeds. The haplotype CSN1S1*F- CSN1S2*F-CSN3*D occurred in all breeds with frequencies >0.100 and was the most common haplotype in the Southern breeds. A high frequency of
CSN1S1*0-CSN1S2*C-CSN3*A haplotype was found in Vallesana population (0.162). Principal component analysis clearly separated the Northern and Southern breeds by the first component. The variability of the caprine casein loci and variety of resulting haplotypes should be exploited in the future using specific breeding programs aiming to preserve biodiversity and to select goat genetic lines for specific protein production
Precision Timing with Silicon Sensors for Use in Calorimetry
The high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN is expected to provide instantaneous luminosities of 5 Ă 10^(34) cm^(â2) s^(â1). The high luminosities expected at the HL-LHC will be accompanied by a factor of 5 to 10 more pileup compared with LHC conditions in 2015, causing general confusion for particle identification and event reconstruction. Precision timing allows to extend calorimetric measurements into such a high density environment by subtracting the energy deposits from pileup interactions. Calorimeters employing silicon as the active component have recently become a popular choice for the HL- LHC and future collider experiments which face very high radiation environments. We present studies of basic calorimetric and precision timing measurements using a prototype composed of tungsten absorber and silicon sensor as the active medium. We show that for the bulk of electromagnetic showers induced by electrons in the range of 20 GeV to 30 GeV, we can achieve time resolutions better than 25 ps per single pad sensor
Test beam studies of silicon timing for use in calorimetry
The high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN is expected to provide instantaneous luminosities of 5Ă10^(34) cm^(â2) s^(â1). The high luminosities expected at the HL-LHC will be accompanied by a factor of 5â10 more pileup compared with LHC conditions in 2015, further increasing the challenge for particle identification and event reconstruction. Precision timing allows us to extend calorimetric measurements into such a high density environment by subtracting the energy deposits from pileup interactions. Calorimeters employing silicon as the active component have recently become a viable choice for the HL-LHC and future collider experiments which face very high radiation environments. In this paper, we present studies of basic calorimetric and precision timing measurements using a prototype composed of tungsten absorber and silicon sensor as the active medium. We show that for the bulk of electromagnetic showers induced by electrons in the range of 20â30 GeV, we can achieve time resolutions better than 25 ps per single pad sensor
How typhoons trigger turbidity currents in submarine canyons
Intense turbidity currents occur in the Malaylay Submarine Canyon off the northern coast of Mindoro Island in the Philippines. They start in very shallow waters at the shelf break and reach deeper waters where a gas pipeline is located. The pipeline was displaced by a turbidity current in 2006 and its rock berm damaged by another 10 years later. Here we propose that they are triggered near the mouth of the Malaylay and Baco rivers by direct sediment resuspension in the shallow shelf and transport to the canyon heads by typhoon-induced waves and currents. We show these rivers are unlikely to generate hyperpycnal flows and trigger turbidity currents by themselves. Characteristic signatures of turbidity currents, in the form of bed shear stress obtained by numerical simulations, match observed erosion/deposition and rock berm damage patterns recorded by repeat bathymetric surveys before and after typhoon Nock-ten in December 2016. Our analysis predicts a larger turbidity current triggered by typhoon Durian in 2006; and reveals the reason for the lack of any significant turbidity current associated with typhoon Melor in December 2015. Key factors to assess turbidity current initiation are typhoon proximity, strength, and synchronicity of typhoon induced waves and currents. Using data from a 66-year hindcast we estimate a ~8-year return period of typhoons with capacity to trigger large turbidity currents
Testbeam and Laboratory Characterization of CMS 3D Pixel Sensors
The pixel detector is the innermost tracking device in CMS, reconstructing
interaction vertices and charged particle trajectories. The sensors located in
the innermost layers of the pixel detector must be upgraded for the ten-fold
increase in luminosity expected with the High- Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase.
As a possible replacement for planar sensors, 3D silicon technology is under
consideration due to its good performance after high radiation fluence. In this
paper, we report on pre- and post- irradiation measurements for CMS 3D pixel
sensors with different electrode configurations. The effects of irradiation on
electrical properties, charge collection efficiency, and position resolution of
3D sensors are discussed. Measurements of various test structures for
monitoring the fabrication process and studying the bulk and surface
properties, such as MOS capacitors, planar and gate-controlled diodes are also
presented.Comment: 14 page
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