Avusturya’dan ithal edilen İsviçre esmeri ve simmental ineklerin ilk üretim yılındaki hastalık insidensleri ve ayıklama sebepleri

The purpose of this study is to determine the disease incidences and the causes of culling of Brown Swiss and Simmental cows before and after calving. The study material was consisted of 70 Brown Swiss and 282 Simmental pregnant heifers. 8.57% and 9.57% of Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had various diseases before calving, and the treatment success rates were 16.67% and 81.48%. After calving, the disease incidences of Brown Swiss cows was 75.39%, and the disease incidences of Simmental cows was 64.26%. While digestion and Genital diseases were more common before calving, Genital and udder problems were more common after calving. Simmental cows had a higher rate of treatment success before calving (P<0.05). Both breeds had similar rates of treatment success after calving. 7.14% of Brown Swiss cows were culled before calving, and 23.08% were culled after calving due to various reasons. For Simmental cows, the culling rate was 1.77% before calving and 14.08% after calving. Simmental cows were more disease-resistant, responded more positively to treatment and had a lower culling rate than Brown Swiss cowsÇalışmanın amacı, İsviçre Esmeri ve Simmental ırkı gebe düvelerin buzağılama öncesi ve sonrası dönemde karşılaştıkları hastalıkların insidenslerini ve ineklerin sürü dışı edilme sebeplerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın materyalini Avusturya’nın Innsbruck bölgesinden Türkiye’nin batısında bulunan Manisa iline getirilen 70 baş İsviçre Esmeri ve 282 baş Simmental ırklarından inekler oluşmuştur. İsviçre Esmeri ve Simmental inekler doğum öncesinde %8,57 ve %9,57 oranlarında değişik hastalıklar ile karşılaşmışlar, %16,67 ve %81,48 oranlarında tedavi başarısı elde edilmiştir. Buzağılama sonrası dönemde İsviçre Esmerlerinin hastalanma oranı %75,39 olurken, Simmental ineklerin oranı %64,26 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sindirim ve genital sistem problemleri buzağılama öncesinde, genital sistem ve meme problemleri buzağılama sonrasında daha yoğun olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Buzağılama öncesi dönemde Simmental ineklerin tedavi başarısı daha yüksek olurken (P<0,05), buzağılama sonrasında her iki ırktan ineklerin tedavi başarı oranları birbirine yakın bulunmuştur. İsviçre Esmeri ineklerin %7,14’ü buzağılama öncesinde, %23,08’i buzağılama sonrasında değişik sebeplere bağlı olarak sürü dışı edilmiştir. Simmentallerde ayıklama oranı buzağılama öncesinde %1,77 ve buzağılama sonrasında %14,08 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak, Simmental ineklerin hastalıklara karşı daha dirençli olmuşlar, uygulanan tedaviye daha yüksek oranda pozitif yanıt vermişler ve daha az oranda ayıklamaya tabi tutulmuşlardır

Prevalence and risk factors for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage among emergency department workers and bacterial contamination on touch surfaces in Erciyes University Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage among emergency department (ED) workers, and bacterial contamination on hand-touch surfaces at ED. Methods: This single-centered study enrolled 105 ED workers and 190 hand-touch surfaces at ED in June 2014. Nasal and environmental samples for S. aureus carriage and for bacterial contamination were obtained. For isolation swabs were cultured on ChromAgar S. aureus and environmental samples first cultured in broth and antibiogram obtained by clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. A questionnaire was completed for each subject. Results: The S. aureus carriage rate was 18.1% (n=19), with 2.9% (n=3) MRSA positivity. There were two (1.9%) mobile phone positivities for S. aureus, one of them was MRSA, and a computer keyboard contamination for MRSA was also detected. All MRSA isolates were susceptible for the tested antibiotics. There was significant difference between gender (p=0.044) in terms of nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA, all three MRSA isolates were from females. Conclusion: Our study showed that the carriage of MRSA was not affected by clinical exposure in the hospital because of the existing infection control policy in our hospital

Investigation and epidemiology of agents isolated from the lungs of cattle, sheep, and goats with pneumonia in the marmara region using bacteriological methods

Bu çalışma ile pnömoni görülen sığır, koyun ve keçilerin akciğerlerinde tespit edilen bakterilerin, izole edildikleri hayvan türleri, yaşlarının yanı sıra izole edildiği bölge ve mevsime göre dağılımlarının istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmesinin yanında güncel epidemiyolojik verilerin oluşturulması hedeflendi. Akciğer örneklerinden (152 adet) izole edilen bakteri oranları; Streptococcus spp. %37,5, Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) %26,3, Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) %11,8, Staphylococcus spp. %9,2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) %5,3, Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) %5,3, Moraxella spp. %4,6 olarak saptandı. Bir yaşından küçük hayvanların akciğerlerinden; Streptococcus spp. %33,3, M. haemolytica %25,5, P. multocida %11,8, Staphylococcus spp. %9,8, P. aeruginosa %5,9, K. pneumoniae %9,8, Moraxella spp. %3,9; 1 yaşından büyüklerde Streptococcus spp. %39,6, M. haemolytica %26,7, P. multocida %11,9, Staphylococcus spp. %8,9, P. aeruginosa %5, K. pneumoniae %3 ve Moraxella spp. %5 olarak saptandı. Çalışmada bakteri izolasyon oranlarının en yüksek olduğu iller; Bursa %15,79, Kocaeli %14,47 ve Kırklareli %13,16 olarak hesaplandı. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarının solunum sistemi infeksiyonlarına karşı koruma-kontrol protokollerinin oluşturulmasına, sürü sağlığı yönetimine ve bilimsel literatürlere katkı sağlanacağı düşünülmektedir.The aim of this study is to identify the bacteria encountered in the lungs of cattle, sheep, and goats with pneumonia and to statistically evaluate the distribution of the detected bacteria based on age, species, seasons, and provinces to generate updated epidemiological data. The rates of bacteria isolated from 152 lung samples: Streptococcus spp. 37.5%, Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) 26.3%, Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) 11.8%, Staphylococcus spp. 9.2%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) 5.3%, Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) 5.3% and Moraxella spp. 4.6%. In this study, the bacteria isolated from animals less than one year old were: Streptococcus spp. 33.3%, M. haemolytica 25.5%, P. multocida 11.8%, Staphylococcus spp. 9.8%, P. aeruginosa 5.9%, K. pneumoniae 9.8%, and Moraxella spp. 3.9%. The older animals were: Streptococcus spp. 39.6%, M. haemolytica 26.7%, P. multocida 11.9%, Staphylococcus spp. 8.9%, P. aeruginosa 5.0%, K. pneumoniae 3.0%, and Moraxella spp.5%. The provinces with the highest bacterial isolation rates were: Bursa 15.79%, Kocaeli 14.47%, and Kırklareli 13.16%. In conclusion, this study will contribute to the development of protection-control protocols against respiratory infections, management of herd health, and literature

Diagnosis of comorbid migraine without aura in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy based on the gray zone approach to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 criteria

BackgroundMigraine without aura (MwoA) is a very frequent and remarkable comorbidity in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy (I/GE). Frequently in clinical practice, diagnosis of MwoA may be challenging despite the guidance of current diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3). In this study, we aimed to disclose the diagnostic gaps in the diagnosis of comorbid MwoA, using a zone concept, in patients with I/GEs with headaches who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert.MethodsIn this multicenter study including 809 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of I/GE with or without headache, 163 patients who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert as having a comorbid MwoA were reevaluated. Eligible patients were divided into three subgroups, namely, full diagnosis, zone I, and zone II according to their status of fulfilling the ICHD-3 criteria. A Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed to bring out the meaningful predictors when evaluating patients with I/GEs for MwoA comorbidity, using the variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.ResultsLonger headache duration (&lt;4 h) followed by throbbing pain, higher visual analog scale (VAS) scores, increase of pain by physical activity, nausea/vomiting, and photophobia and/or phonophobia are the main distinguishing clinical characteristics of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GE, for being classified in the full diagnosis group. Despite being not a part of the main ICHD-3 criteria, the presence of associated symptoms mainly osmophobia and also vertigo/dizziness had the distinguishing capability of being classified into zone subgroups. The most common epilepsy syndromes fulfilling full diagnosis criteria (n = 62) in the CART analysis were 48.39% Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy followed by 25.81% epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone.ConclusionLonger headache duration, throbbing pain, increase of pain by physical activity, photophobia and/or phonophobia, presence of vertigo/dizziness, osmophobia, and higher VAS scores are the main supportive associated factors when applying the ICHD-3 criteria for the comorbid MwoA diagnosis in patients with I/GEs. Evaluating these characteristics could be helpful to close the diagnostic gaps in everyday clinical practice and fasten the diagnostic process of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GEs