1,379 research outputs found
Proposta di strategie di gestione sostenibile della risorsa idrica, in ambiente mediterraneo, finalizzata agli interventi per la lotta alla desertificazione (Sardinia NW, Italy)
This paper is concerned with the methodological approach and preliminary results of a study
conducted on the sustainable management of water resources aimed ultimately at defining measures
for combating desertification. The primary object is to explore and develop models and strategies for
innovative and sustainable water resources management solutions, adopting a multidisciplinary
approach, at the drainage and/or hydrogeological basin scale in a Mediterranean context, using a
case study from a pilot area in Sardinia as a basis. Criteria for selecting the pilot area were dictated by
the need for specific features such as the presence of surface waterbodies (rivers, channels, dams,
etc.), of confined and unconfined aquifers and of urban agglomerates and productive activities, thus
with competing water demands. An area was identified in the NW part of Sardinia, in the Nurra region,
specifically the basin draining into the Calich lagoon. A multidisciplinary research project has been
drawn up and tested for the purpose of collecting the necessary information required for developing
integrated and sustainable water resource management solutions, also taking into consideration
recently enforced legislation
Caratterizzazione tipologica dei rapporti tra fenomeni di desertificazione ed acque superficiali e sotterranee, osservati e studiati in Sardegna
This study has been carried out within a broader research project, RIADE, concerned with the
characterization of the types of relationships existing between desertification processes and surfaceand
groundwater observed and investigated in Objective 1 regions. The underlying assumption is that
the deteriorating quality and diminishing quantity of a regionâs water resources impact negatively on
the development of all living things and on human organization, and thus represent a basic indicator of
desertification, intended in its broadest sense as the degradation of bioproductive land.
By re-processing the scientific results obtained for Sardinia during this project, we have developed a
reference framework for the systematic representation of the types found, qualitatitive/quantitative
natural or anthropogenic degradation phenomena/processes of water resources in Sardinia.
Two distinct criteria have been adopted for the typological categorization of the deteriorating quality
and diminishing quantity of water, both divorced from the environmental and regional context in which
they occur.The first criterion is based on an analysis of water quantity and quality and on the âpollutant
typeâ, along the lines suggested by the Italian Research Councilâs National Group for Hydrogeological
Disaster Protection (GNDCI); the second criterion uses the DPSIR model adopted by the European
Environmental Agency (EEA), which defines five indicator categories for the state and evolution of the
environmen
Part-time employment as a way to increase women's employment: (Where) does it work?:
Part-time employment has repeatedly been proposed as a solution for integrating women into the labor market; however, empirical evidence supporting a causal link is mixed. In this text, we investigate the extent to which increasing part-time employment is a valid means of augmenting women's labor market participation. We pay particular attention to the institutional context and the related characteristics of part-time employment in European countries to test the conditions under which this solution is a viable option. The results reveal that part-time employment may strengthen female employment in Continental Europe and especially in Southern Europe, where an increase in part-time employmentâeven if it is demand-side drivenâleads to greater employment participation among women. We also discuss some policy implications and trade-offs: Although part-time work can lead to higher numbers of employed women, it does so at the cost of increasing gendered labor market segregation. We analyze data from the European Labor Force Survey (EU-LFS) 1992â2011 for 19 countries and 188 regions and exploit regional variation over time while controlling for time-constant regional characteristics, time-varying regional labor market features, and (time-varying) confounding factors at the national level
Sustainable water resources management to combat desertification in the Nurra region, northwestern Sardinia, Italy
Sustainable water management plays an important role in the frame of the multidisciplinary research activities aiming to combat or to mitigate the desertification processes. The study activities have been carried out by RIADE Research Project (Integrated Research for Applying new technologies and processes for combating Desertification, www.riade.net. RIADE was co-financed by MIUR within the National Operative Programme 2000-2006. The primary objective was to explore and to develop models and strategies for innovative and sustainable solutions of water resources management, adopting a multidisciplinary approach, at the catchment and hydrogeological basin scale in a Mediterranean context, using a case history of a pilot area in NW Sardinia (Italy). The high concentration of population in this coastal zone and the intense agricultural activity have determined a relevant increase of water demand. This demand is generally satisfied by surface water, but, in some peculiar dry periods, it exceeds the available quantities. In these critical periods, groundwater are the only alternative source constituting a strategic water resource. The groundwater chemical properties are then correlated with the effects of the anthropogenic pressures. The used approach shows the application of groundwater protection criteria, in accordance with EU policies, and it was aimed to develop a methodological tool which can be applied to different scenarios
Mung Bean nuclease mapping of RNAs 3' end
A method is described that allows an accurate mapping of 3' ends of RNAs. In this method a labeled DNA probe, containing the presumed 3' end of the RNA under analysis is allowed to anneals to the RNA itself. Mung-bean nuclease is then used to digest single strands of both RNA and DNA. Electrophoretic fractionation of "protected" undigested, labeled DNA is than performed using a sequence reaction of a known DNA as length marker. This procedure was applied to the analysis of both a polyA RNA (Interleukin 10 mRNA) and non polyA RNAs (sea urchin 18S and 26S rRNAs). This method might be potentially relevant for the evaluation of the role of posttrascriptional control of IL-10 in the pathogenesis of the immune and inflammatory mediated diseases associated to ageing. This might allow to develop new strategies to approach to the diagnosis and therapy of age related diseases
Studio sulla gestione sostenibile delle risorse idriche: dallâanalisi conoscitiva alle strategie di salvaguardia e tutela
Nellâambito delle attivitĂ di ricerca multidisciplinari, volte a contrastare o mitigare i processi di desertificazione, un ruolo importante deve essere attribuito al tema della corretta gestione delle risorse idriche.
Le pressioni di tipo antropico, legate anche alle attivitĂ produttive ed ai loro impatti (lo scarico incontrollato di reflui di varia origine, lâirrorazione di sostanze chimiche per trattamenti antiparassitari e concimazioni, il sovrasfruttamento delle acque sotterranee, i fenomeni dâintrusione di acqua marina ecc.), possono produrre un degrado di questa risorsa, rendendola inadatta ai vari usi ed in particolare a quelli piĂč pregiati (idropotabili e ambientali).
Il volume illustra e propone una metodologia di studio multidisciplinare della risorsa idrica, a scala di bacino idrografico e/o idrogeologico in ambiente mediterraneo, partendo da un caso di studio in unâarea campione della Sardegna. I criteri di scelta dellâarea pilota, individuata nel bacino del Calich, sono stati dettati dallâesigenza di soddisfare alcune peculiaritĂ quali: presenza di corpi idrici superficiali (fiumi, canali, dighe ecc.), acquiferi superficiali e profondi, agglomerati urbani e attivitĂ produttive, che generano quindi usi competitivi della risorsa idrica
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