The Understanding a good choice of color in poster design for children / Ahmad Waffin Mohamad Saudin & Azlan Zainal

This paper is about investigating the misuse of color in poster design for children between aged 4 to 7. This paper reviews what scientific color that can attract children interest. This paper also explores the relation between color of poster and children's play behavior, and how this relation can be utilized by designers to promote design for children. Good poster color can also catch the eyes that see it. The data will be collected and analyze using a quantitative method. Researcher make a survey by giving different poster color to the children for intended to investigate their color chosen. This paper will benefit to graphic designers as guideline to help use the correct color of the posters for children

A Review of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Based on Wind and Solar Energy: Modeling, Design and Optimization

In this chapter, an attempt is made to thoroughly review previous research work conducted on wind energy systems that are hybridized with a PV system. The chapter explores the most technical issues on wind drive hybrid systems and proposes possible solutions that can arise as a result of process integration in off-grid and grid-connected modes. A general introduction to wind energy, including how wind energy can be harvested, as well as recent progress and development of wind energy are discussed. With the special attention given to the issues related to the wind and photovoltaic (Wind-PV) systems. Throughout the chapter emphasis was made on modeling, design, and optimization and sensitivity analysis issues, and control strategies used to minimize risk as well as energy wastage. The reported reviewed results in this chapter will be a valuable researchers and practicing engineers involved in the design and development of wind energy systems

Financial Strategy and Competitiveness of Merger in Malaysian Islamic Banking industry

Islamic banking in Malaysia has come a long way since its humble beginnings in 1983 when the Islamic Banking Act was first introduced. In the same year, the first fully Sharia compliant Islamic bank namely Bank Islam Malaysia was established to give a much needed boost to the Islamic finance industry to cater to the Muslim majority population of Malaysia. The Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 and the subsequent Global Financial Crisis of 2008 have each given the world a glimpse of the need to merge financial institutions as well as the advantages of Islamic financing. Malaysia’s Islamic banks and/financial institutions are currently ranked 3rd in terms of Sharia compliant assets size behind Iran and Saudi Arabia; which has raised the question of the need of a Mega Islamic bank to cater to the market as Islamic banking has become more and more appealing to both Muslims and non-Muslims in Malaysia for its profit sharing concept. As Islam is also currently the fastest growing religion in the world, many would seek Islamic banking and/or financing to cater to their everyday lives as it is in the Islamic teachings that interest or riba is haram (not permissible). This is recorded in the Holy Book of Quran, in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 275 which states:- “Those who devour Riba will not stand (especially for judgement before Allah) except as stands one whom Satan by his touch has driven to madness. That is because they argue: “Business and Riba are similar to each other.” But Allah has made “business” Halal and He has made ‘Riba’ Haram. Those who after receiving this warning (concerning the Haram of Riba) from their Lord, (now) desist (from Riba), may keep whatever they had previously earned (as Riba); and their case (will now be judged by) Allah (alone ,i.e. the Islamic State will not deal with that matter); but those who return (to Riba even after this revelation of the Quran ) are companion of fire (of Hell) ; they abide therein (forever).

Thermal Comfort Analysis on the Residential Buildings in Sarawak

Thermal comfort is a subjective response that reflects the contentment between one’s state of mind and the current environment. The energy consumption of the building sector has rapidly increased due to improved living standards and rising expectations of residents regarding thermal comfort. Mechanical ventilation, especially air conditioning systems, is essential for hot and humid countries aiming to achieve an ideal indoor comfort condition. However, such cooling systems often consume a significant amount of electricity, which contradicts the concept of energy conservation. Therefore, thermal comfort assessment is a method that can be employed to address this issue. Evaluating the thermal perception of occupants can subsequently facilitate more efficient electricity usage, aligning with the goal of energy conservation. In this study, a thermal comfort analysis was conducted on free-running residential buildings in Sarawak. These buildings were naturally ventilated with minimal use of mechanical ventilation systems. Physical measurements and subjective assessments were employed to evaluate the thermal responses of the residents based on various sensation and comfort scales, including the ASHRAE scale, Bedford scale, thermal acceptability scale, and thermal preference scale. Additionally, the widely used PMV model was utilized to predict the thermal sensation experienced by the residents. The results of the study indicated that the Bedford scale exhibited the highest percentage of acceptable responses, followed by the ASHRAE scale, thermal acceptability scale, and thermal preference scale. The PMV model was observed to overpredict the residents’ thermal responses. The comfort temperatures derived from the study were 27.5 ∘C, 28.1 ∘C, and 26.2 ∘C according to the ASHRAE scale, Bedford scale, and PMV model, respectively. Based on the actual percentage of dissatisfaction that ensures 80% satisfaction, the acceptable indoor temperature range was found to be 27.3 ∘C to 29.6 ∘C. Similarly, the acceptable range for relative humidity was 74.0% to 92.0%, and for air velocity, it was 0.18 m/s to 0.66 m/s. Keywords: thermal comfort, thermal perception, sensation, comfort scale

Pencirian pertumbuhan lapisan nano grafin di atas elektrod antara digit superkapasitor MEMS

Superkapasitor MEMS khususnya dengan reka bentuk elektrod antara digit (IDE), telah menarik minat pada masa kini dalam bidang seperti bioMEMS, bioperubatan implan, peranti kuasa elektronik dan aplikasi berkuasa tinggi disebabkan kapasiti pengecasannya yang tinggi. Kajian ini membentangkan superkapasitor MEMS dengan lapisan nano grafin tumbuh di atas elektrod. Superkapasitor MEMS terdiri daripada silikon dioksida (SiO2), nikel, grafin, polipirol (Ppy) dan lapisan alkohol polivinil (PVA). Tumpuan diberikan kepada fabrikasi struktur lapisan nano grafin atas elektrod superkapasitor MEMS melalui beberapa proses seperti pemendapan wap kimia secara peningkatan plasma (PECVD), penyejatan alur e dan salutan pusing. Grafin tumbuh melalui proses PECVD selama 10 minit pada kuasa 40 Watt dan pada suhu antara 400°C dan 1000°C. Spektrum Raman menunjukkan puncak pada 1340 dan 1580 cm-1 mewakili jalur D dan G . Puncak 2D wujud dalam julat 2600 - 3000 cm-1. Nisbah bagi keamatan puncak 2D terhadap puncak G pada 1000°C adalah 0.43 menunjukkan kualiti yang baik bagi banyak lapisan grafin

Kesan Agen Pengkupel Multifungsi Titanat Terhadap Polipropilena Terisi Kalsium Karbonat.

Agen pengkupel titanat komersil iaitu Lica 12 yang dibekalkan oleh Kentrich Petrochemical telah digunakan dalam kajian ini untuk melihat kesannya terhadap PP berpengisi kalsium karbonat. A commercial coupling agent (Lica 12) from Kentrich Petrochemicals has been used in this study to see its effect on calcium carbonate filled polypropylene

Performance of Low Cost Alternative Radiant Cooling Panel in Malaysia

Radiant panel cooling is still considered uncommon in Malaysia due to unavailability of local manufacturers with limited architects or engineers who are familiar in the system. The initial construction cost for radiant cooling system may be higher than air system and not forgetting the need for a smaller supplementary air system to dehumidify the air to avoid condensation which is an inherited problem of the system in hot and humid region. Promotion and public awareness is lacking in the country and very much dependable on government demonstration program of green technology application where only a few governments owned building having such system. With the aim of long term energy and cost saving this study looks into the development of custom design and locally assembled low cost radiant cooling panel and how its performance in comparison to its overseas and more expensive counterpart could help in provide alternative cheaper building cooling system. Custom build cooling panels with selected materials were constructed and tested to find out its cooling capacity. Finite Element Method (FEM) software was used to establish a design chart to assist in the design and sizing of the alternative radiant panel for Malaysian residential house. The experiment shows that cooling performance in term of mean surface temperature and its cooling capacity is almost identical to its overseas counterpart. Use of cooling radiant panel with free night cooling of water as its chill water supply shows a significant energy saving potential while at the same time provide an acceptable room thermal comfort. Given the local made product having similar performance and suits local condition the technology could grow and be applied with confidence.       Â

Electronic Energy Benchmarking System (e-EBS) towards Sustainable Building Energy Performance

Taking into account the global scenario on energy use in, and the resultant carbon emission from buildings, there is a need to take an integrated approach to manage building carbon footprint by consolidating a comprehensive green building rating scheme and efficient building energy management and reporting tool into a robust benchmarking. However, currently there is no centralized system for energy performance that is integrated with green rating tool for government buildings in Malaysia. The aim of this paper is to explore the potential of an electronic energy benchmarking system (e-EBS) that integrates the assessment scoring of the Penarafan Hijau Jabatan Kerja Raya (pHJKR) rating scheme with the Jabatan Kerja Raya Energy Online System (JENOSYS) to give a more comprehensive energy performance benchmarking for a building. The pHJKR is a green building rating scheme that was created to assess the sustainable performance of buildings while considering the most recent legislative requirements. The system in this study consists of three (3) modules that automatically analyses data acquired from a user building and ultimately processes the final report, in accordance with pHJKR requirement. The e-EBS conceptual module and process flow were highlighted. The study also proposed the requirement specification for the e-EBS. The future work is the validation of the module using government offices, university faculties, and mosques as case studies to evaluate the interfacing of the modules. Prior to the validation process, energy audit reports of the case study buildings will be compared and analyzed to indicate which case study building comes with the best energy benchmark according to the Malaysian Standards (MS) 1525:2019 and pHJKR

Electronic Energy Benchmarking System (e-EBS) towards Sustainable Building Energy Performance

Taking into account the global scenario on energy use in, and the resultant carbon emission from buildings, there is a need to take an integrated approach to manage building carbon footprint by consolidating a comprehensive green building rating scheme and efficient building energy management and reporting tool into a robust benchmarking. However, currently there is no centralized system for energy performance that is integrated with green rating tool for government buildings in Malaysia. The aim of this paper is to explore the potential of an electronic energy benchmarking system (e-EBS) that integrates the assessment scoring of the Penarafan Hijau Jabatan Kerja Raya (pHJKR) rating scheme with the Jabatan Kerja Raya Energy Online System (JENOSYS) to give a more comprehensive energy performance benchmarking for a building. The pHJKR is a green building rating scheme that was created to assess the sustainable performance of buildings while considering the most recent legislative requirements. The system in this study consists of three (3) modules that automatically analyses data acquired from a user building and ultimately processes the final report, in accordance with pHJKR requirement. The e-EBS conceptual module and process flow were highlighted. The study also proposed the requirement specification for the e-EBS. The future work is the validation of the module using government offices, university faculties, and mosques as case studies to evaluate the interfacing of the modules. Prior to the validation process, energy audit reports of the case study buildings will be compared and analyzed to indicate which case study building comes with the best energy benchmark according to the Malaysian Standards (MS) 1525:2019 and pHJKR

A review: properties of silicon carbide materials in MEMS application

The paper presents the review properties of silicon carbide materials in the MEMS application. The study aims to explore silicon carbide in MEMS technology which considers the development of microscale and integrated devices that combine electronics, electrical and mechanical elements. MEMS has become a key area micro-device technology which incorporates materials, mechanical, electrical, chemical and optical disciplines as well as fluid engineering. The prevalence of MEMS technology in harsh environments has grown tremendously in recent years, especially at high temperatures up to 1240 ̊C, wider bandgap (2.3 – 3.4 eV), a higher breakdown field (30 × 105 V/cm), a higher thermal conductivity (3.2 – 4.9 W/cm- K), a higher saturation velocity (2.5 × 107 cm/s), higher oxidation, corrosive environments and higher radiation. Recent developments in robust MEMS for extreme environments such as MEMS pressure sensors have been widely used in ships, warships, gas turbine engines, cars and biomedical equipment. The growing demand for MEMS pressure sensors with high-temperature operating capabilities, mainly for automotive, gas turbine engine and aerospace applications was investigated from this study as alternative silicon carbide to silicon in the fabrication of these devices