THE LEVEL OF RUMINATIVE THOUGHT AND ALEXITHYMIA OF PEOPLE IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PROCESS

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic process caused many physiological and psychological effects on individuals. This study aims to examine the ruminative thinking and alexithymia levels of people in the COVID-19 pandemic process. Methods: The descriptive, cross-sectional, and the correlational designed study was conducted with 852 people in İstanbul Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic process between March and May 2020. The data of the research was collected with the Sociodemographic Form Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire. Results: It was found that the average of ruminative thought score of the people was 92.49±19.89 and the alexithymia score average was 71.76±13.70. A positive and significant relationship was found between the Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and subscale scores (p<0.05). According to the results, ruminative thinking levels were affected by 12% alexithymia level and 9% time spent on conversation. A statistically significant relationship was found between rumination, alexithymia, and its sub-dimensions and the number of times people spend for conversation during the day and the number of people they live with (p<0.05). It was determined that those living with family/friends were lower than those who were alone, and those with good communication in relationships had lower rumination and alexithymia (p<0.05). Conclusion: Care should be taken against alexithymia and rumination during the COVID-19 pandemic process, and attention should be given to interpersonal relationships, conversation, and communication in the quarantine process

Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in women with iron deficiency anaemia

WOS: 000349116500011PubMed: 25476798Objective To evaluate peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in adult women with iron deficiency anaemia and healthy control subjects. Methods Women with iron deficiency anaemia and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were sequentially recruited and underwent detailed ophthalmic examination, including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Serum haemoglobin (Hb), iron and ferritin concentrations, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and mean corpuscular volume were determined. Results Peripapillary RNFL thicknesses in the nasal and inferior quadrants were significantly smaller in patients (n=40) than in controls (n=40). in the patient group, there were significant correlations between inferior quadrant RNFL thickness and Hb, and between nasal quadrant RNFL thickness and serum iron and ferritin concentrations, and TIBC. Conclusion Iron deficiency anaemia reduces RNFL thickness in adult women

Effects of the Experiment Conditions on the Nerve Action Potential: A Model Study

Like electrical wires, neurons were recognized to convey information from one part of the body to another in the form of electricity. Due to its electrical nature, this transmission is very much dependent on the ions around their membranes. As in the case of all electrical messages of the nervous system, the action potential is a membrane potential change caused by the flow of ions through ionic channels in the membrane. With the help of the action potential simulation we test the effect of extracellular ion concentrations on the myelinated single nerve fiber action potential. Tests were designed to mimic the hypo/hyperkalemic and hypo/hypernatremic conditions. Our simulation results have shown that sodium ion channel conductivity is much more susceptible to the changes in the extracellular ion concentrations. Due to more susceptible nature of the sodium channel conductivity –with respect to potassium-, hypo/hyperkalemic conditions are much more dangerous for patients at least for neuronal conduction

Gebeliklerde düşük östriyol düzeyleri nasıl yönetilir, tek merkez deneyimi

Objective: Low estriol (uE3) levels in the second-trimester screening for Down syndrome may be the result of fetal demise, congenital abnormalities, or some genetic hormonal disorders of the fetus. Although X-linked ichthyosis, a microdeletion syndrome with mild ichthyosis, which causes steroid sulfatase (STS) deficiency, is the most common genetic cause, second-trimester screening tests calculate the risk for a less common and severe disorder known as the Smith Lemli Opitz syndrome (SLOS). We aimed to investigate the outcomes of pregnancies with low uE3 levels in Down syndrome screening and emphasize the high prevalence of STS deficiency instead of SLOS in such cases. Methods: Fifteen pregnancies with very low uE3 levels and high risk for trisomy and/or SLOS in screening tests were evaluated and tested for STS deficiency and SLOS. Results: Seven of the pregnancies had STS microdeletion syndrome, while additional two cases were supposed to have STS gene mutation according to family and/or postnatal history. Although one fetal death was recorded, no chromosomal abnormality, SLOS, or congenital malformation was recorded in our series. Conclusions: SLOS is a very severe and rare syndrome. The risk estimation for SLOS in screening tests causes stress for pregnant women and healthcare givers. We recommend the addition of risk estimation for STS deficiency when a low uE3 level is detected in the screening test.Amaç: İkinci trimester Down sendromu tarama testlerindeki düşük östriyol (uE3) seviyesi, fetal ölüm, konjenital anormallikler veya fetüsün çeşitli genetik hormonal bozukluklarından kaynaklanabilir. Steroid sülfataz (STS) eksikliğine neden olan ve hafif iktiyozla seyreden bir mikrodelesyon sendromu olan X’e bağlı iktiyoz en yaygın genetik neden olmasına rağmen, ikinci trimester tarama testleri daha az yaygın ve daha şiddetli bir hastalık olan Smith Lemli Opitz Sendromu (SLOS) için risk hesaplamaktadır. Down sendromu taramasında uE3 düzeyi düşük olan gebeliklerin sonuçlarını araştırmayı ve bu gibi durumlarda SLOS yerine STS eksikliğinin yüksek prevalansını vurgulamayı amaçladık. Yöntemler: Tarama testlerinde uE3 seviyeleri çok düşük olan ve trizomi ve/veya SLOS açısından yüksek risk taşıyan on beş gebelik STS eksikliği ve SLOS açısından değerlendirilmiş ve test edilmiştir. Bulgular: Gebeliklerin yedisinde STS mikrodelesyon sendromu bulunurken, ek iki olguda aile ve/veya doğum sonrası öyküye dayanarak STS gen mutasyonu düşünüldü. Bir fetal ölüm tespit edildi. Ek kromozom anomalisi, SLOS veya konjenital malformasyon tespit edilmedi. Sonuçlar: SLOS çok ağır seyreden ve nadir görülen bir sendromdur. Tarama testlerinde SLOS için risk tahmini hamileler ve sağlık çalışanları için strese neden olmaktadır. Anksiyeteyi önlemek için tarama testlerinde düşük bir uE3 seviyesi tespit edildiğinde STS eksikliği için risk tahmininin eklenmesini öneririz

SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF CHAIRSIDE CAD-CAM BLOCKS TO ERODED DENTIN

Objectives: To assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) blocks to dentin subjected to simulated gastric erosion when cemented with self-etch and self-adhesive resin cements. Materials and Methods: One hundred eighty dentin samples were assigned to two groups: sound and eroded dentin. In the eroded dentin group, samples were eroded with HCl (0.01 M, pH 2, 2 min) and stored in artificial saliva for 60 min then, brushed using a power brush (2N, 15 s). This cycle was repeated three times. CAD-CAM blocks (3x3x3 mm3, n=15/group) of Lava Ultimate (LU), Vita Enamic (VE), and Vita Suprinity (VS) were cemented to sound and eroded dentin with self-etch Multilink N (MN) and self-adhesive RelyX U200 Automix (RU) resin cements. SBS was measured after 24 hours. The failure mode was assessed by using a stereomicroscope. Data was analyzed with 3-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction (p˂0.05). Results: The SBS was significantly affected by the main factors: tooth structure (p=0.011), resin cements (p˂0.001), and CAD-CAM blocks (p=0.001). When LU was cemented with RU to sound dentin, a higher SBS was obtained compared to eroded dentin (p=0.001). MN revealed significantly higher SBS than RU (

Effects of chromosomal translocations on sperm count in azoospermic and oligospermic cases

Purpose: A number of mechanisms have been proposed for the effect of chromosomal translocations on spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. However, there are still numerous ambiguous issues regarding these two processes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of chromosome break areas on sperm count in the light of the literature. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on the data of 16 male patients with reciprocal or Robertsonian translocation among 152 patients who were admitted to Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital and Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital Genetic Diagnosis Centers between 2013 and 2016 due to azoospermia and oligospermia. Results: 11 of these patients had reciprocal and five patients had Robertsonian translocations. All the patients with Robertsonian translocations were detected with azoospermia. Of the patients with reciprocal translocation, five of them were azoospermic and six of them were severe oligospermic. Conclusion: A total of 21 chromosomal breakpoints were identified in the 11 patients with reciprocal translocations. These chromosomal breakpoints may contribute to the clarification of ambiguous issues related to spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. The results also showed the importance of genetic counselling in patients with translocations

Gender difference in prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders: a retrospective study on 243 consecutive patients

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the prevalence of the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) among patients with TMD symptoms. METHODS: Between September 2011 and December 2011, 243 consecutive patients (171 females, 72 males, mean age 41 years) who were referred to the Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon were examined physically and completed a questionnaire regarding age, gender, social status, general health, antidepressant drug usage, dental status, limited mouth opening, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds, and parafunctions (bruxism, clenching). The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression model (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: With a frequency of 92%, pain in the temporal muscle was the most common symptom, followed by pain during mouth opening (89%) in both genders. TMJ pain at rest, pain in the masseter muscle, clicking, grinding, and anti-depressant use were significantly more frequent in females than males. Age (p=0.006; odds ratio 0.954; 95% CI 0.922-0.987) and missing teeth (p=0.003; odds ratio 3.753; 95% CI 1.589-8.863) had significant effects on the prevalence of TMD. CONCLUSION: Females had TMD signs and symptoms more frequently than males in the study population. The most common problem in both genders was pain

EFFECT OF DENTURE CLEANSERS ON THE COLOR STABILITY OF DIFFERENT DENTURE TEETH MATERIALS

Purpose: Denture cleansers are commonly used for cleaning partial and complete dentures. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of denture cleansers on color stability of conventional acrylic, reinforced acrylic and porcelain denture teeth materials. Material and methods: Maxillary central incisors in A2 color were used from three types of denture teeth (n=10). Denture teeth kept in distilled water were considered as control group. Test specimens were immersed in denture cleansers, which prepared according to the manufacturers instructions. Color measurements were performed before immersion of cleansers, after 1 week and after 3 weeks with a colorimeter. Color changes (ΔE) of the specimens were calculated and the results were compared statistically with three way ANOVA. Results: Significant differences were found on the color changes of denture teeth after 1 week and 3 weeks of the immersion of denture cleansers (p&lt;0,05). Also ΔE values were increased significantly with time (p&lt;0,05). The lowest ΔE values were observed in distilled water. The lowest ΔE values were observed in porcelain teeth in all denture cleansers (p&lt;0,05). Color changes of conventional acrylic and reinforced acrylic teeth in all denture cleansers after 3 weeks were acceptable. Conclusion: The greatest color change was observed in conventional acrylic resin teeth, reinforced acrylic and porcelain teeth, respectively, after immersion of denture cleansers

Promoting a healthy diet in young adults: The role of nutrition labelling

The use of the nutrition facts label has been associated with healthy eating behaviours for adults. However, the relationship between nutrition facts label use and overall diet quality is not well known in young adults, a vulnerable group that acquire lifelong eating behaviours during this period of life. This study aimed to assess if the use of information on the nutrition facts label is associated with a higher diet quality in young adults. In this cross-sectional study, 958 university students, aged 18-34 years were recruited. Nutrition facts label use was recorded. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall. Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) scores were calculated. HEI-2005 score was significantly associated with using nutrition facts label (P < 0.001). The mean total HEI-2005 score was 60.7±10.11, 62.4±11.43 and 67.1±12.23 respectively for Never, Sometimes and Every time users of nutrition facts label (P < 0.001). Subgroup scores of HEI-2005 for total fruits, whole fruits, total vegetables, whole grains, milk, oils, saturated fat, and calories from solid fat, alcohol and added sugar (SoFAAS) were significantly higher in regular nutrition facts label users (P < 0.05, for each). This study showed that young adults who regularly use nutrition facts label have a higher diet quality

Increased ocular wall thickness and decreased globe volume in children with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI

PURPOSElthough clinical ophthalmologic findings have been reported, no study documented magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VI. The aim of this study was to determine the ophthalmologic imaging findings of MPS type VI in the pediatric age group retrospectively.METHODSBrain MRIs of 10 patients with MPS type VI and 49 healthy children were evaluated independently by two pediatric radiologists for the following characteristics: globe volume, ocular wall thickness, and optic nerve sheath diameter for each orbit. The means of the measurement of each group were compared by using an independent t-test. Agreement and bias between reviewers were assessed by intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC).RESULTSA total of 59 children [32 girls (54.23%), 27 boys (45.77%); age range, 4-16 years; mean age, 10.37 ± 3.73 years] were included in the study. Statistical analysis revealed smaller eyeballs and thicker ocular walls of patients with MPS type VI (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of optic nerve sheath diameter between the two groups (P=.648).CONCLUSIONPatients with MPS type VI displayed reduced globe volumes and increased ocular wall thicknesses compared to the healthy children. Therefore, we recommend that ophthalmologic imaging findings might prove to be an auxiliary tool in the diagnosis of MPS patients