Combined-order Algorithm using Promethee Method Approach and Analytic Hierarchy Decision for Chunk Allocation in LTE Uplink Systems

The problem of chunk-based resource allocation for the uplink of Long Term Evolution is investigated. In this paper, a combined order using the promethee method and analytic hierarchy decision for chunk allocation algorithm is proposed. The utility of each order is sorted based on promethee method approach so that the utility of each order could be approximated as the average of all criteria on each order. To decide the best allocation, analytic hierarchy process score is assigned to its order based on their decision criteria weighting factor to find the best allocation. Using a particular weighting factor, the proposed algorithms outperform the previous mean greedy algorithms which use user-order allocation in term of spectral efficiency and data rate fairness without increase the time complexity. It also outperform iterative swapping chunk algorithm in term of  data rate fairness

Modified Greedy Physical Link Scheduling Algorithm for Improving Wireless Mesh Network Performance

The algorithm to allocate mesh active link to radio resource timeslot in wireless mesh network (WMN) is investigated. This paper proposes the novel method to allocate multiple links in one timeslot for improving the wireless mesh network throughput via spatial time division multiple access (STDMA) protocol. The throughput improvement is obtained by modifying greedy based algorithm that is widely known as a low complexity algorithm. We propose and investigate new parameters in the greedy based algorithm that can be used as scheduling control parameters, i.e. interference weight, scheduling weight, and the sum of link’s degree. Simulation results indicate that this approximation increases network performance in throughput and length of scheduling performance closed to the upper bound performance that is achieved by the algorithm that uses the physical interference model.

Renewable Energy’s Role in a Changing World

Since the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased significantly, from 280 parts per million (ppm) to 401 ppm. This data was taken from the Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, on October 4, 2016. The safe level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is 350 ppm. The only way to reach that level is to immediately transition the global economy away from fossil fuels and into renewable energy and energy conservation. However, developing countries have the right to limit their emissions less than developing countries, which means the responsibility for lowering emissions falls even more upon already industrialized countries. In other words, industrial countries need to reduce their emissions significantly. Actually, a reduction in emissions will not necessarily lead to less economic growth; from 1990 to 2014, European Union member states reduced their carbon emissions by 19 percent even though they achieved 45 percent economic growth. In 2014, Germany’s economy grew by 1.6 percent, while gas emissions from fossil fuel consumption fell by almost 5 percent

A Combined User-order and Chunk-order Algorithm to Minimize The Average BER for Chunk Allocation in SC-FDMA Systems

A Chunk by chunk-based allocation is an emerging subcarrier allocation in Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) due to its low complexity. In this paper, a combined user-order  and chunk-order allocation for solving chunk allocation problem which minimizes the average BER of all users while improving the throughput in SC-FDMA uplink is proposed. The subcarrier grouping into a chunk of all users on both-order allocations are performed by averaging the BER of a contiguous subcarriers within a chunk. The sequence of allocation is according to the average of users’ BER on user-order allocation and the average of chunks’ BER on chunk-order allocation. The best allocation is determined by choosing one of both-order allocations which provides the smaller BER systems. The simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm can outperform the previous algorithms in term of  average BER and throughput without increase the time complexity.

IMPLEMENTASI WiMAX SEBAGAI BACKHAUL PADA JARINGAN HOTSPOT EXISTING DI JAKARTA

WiMAX Implementation as Existing Hotspot Network Backhaul in Jakarta The development of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA), such as WiMAX, as a global standard for data transmission media has been used by highspeed internet access provider. WiMAX application which supported by capabilities of interoperability, flexibility and commercial aspect make the internet services become more efficient, cheaper and easier to the customer. This phenomenon should be responded by ISPs. Based on technical and financial aspect in deciding the implementation of Wireless Network with WiMAX technology as a substitute, this research will observe and analyze the projection of WiMAX technology implementation as a backhaul for the existing Wi-Fi’s network in Jakarta. This paper will describe the calculation based on the amount of hotspots registered in IIX and average peak traffic per regional from technical aspect with several pricing and technology combination. The result give the basic figures in investing WiMAX as substitute technology for backhaul in hotspot network and also will show its growth in 5 years.Keywords: BWA, hotspot, WiMA

Behavioral Intention of e-Learning: A Case Study of Distance Learning at a Junior High School in Indonesia due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

The spread of COVID-19 caused schools that previously used only a face-to-face system to deliver instruction online from home, a method commonly called e-learning. e-Learning is extremely beneficial in providing cost-effective education irrespective of time and geographical boundaries. Despite the benefit of e-learning, there are many problems associated with its use in Indonesia. Based on the results of research by Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI), the application of e-learning in secondary schools in Indonesia is quite challenging. There is currently an education gap between the able and disadvantaged groups in Indonesia currently created by e-learning. This study aims to assess the behavior intention of e-learning at junior high schools in Jakarta and Tangerang, Indonesia, due to the impact of COVID19. The research model is based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of a technology framework. The behavioral intention of performance expectation, effort expectancy, attitude, facilitating condition, social influence, and cost were examined. Data were collected by administering questionnaires to respondents who studied at the junior high schools in Jakarta and Tangerang. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the social influence of e-learning has a strong positive relationship with behavioral intention. The findings of the study contribute to the understanding of behavioral beliefs about e-learning in Jakarta and Tangerang due to COVID-19. This contribution could be a reference for the government in improving the education system for e-learning during COVID-19

Modification of Round Robin and Best CQI Scheduling Method for 3GPP LTE Downlink

In the case of downlink LTE, scheduler is an important element which assigns RB allocation for different users in a cell. RB is the smallest element which can be assigned by scheduler. This work proposes a new scheduler algorithm by considering the tradeoff balance between throughput and fairness among users. The proposed scheduler combines the benefit from the Best CQI and Round Robin Scheduler. The first time slot applies a Round Robin algorithm in the basis of a continuity in user sequence at the entire sub frames. The second time slot applies the Best CQI algorithm with a fairness enhancement. At 15dB SNR, the throughput of each scheduler is 61.2Mbps for Best CQI scheduler, 32.3Mbps for Round Robin scheduler, and 48Mbps for the proposed scheduler. Based on Jain’s Fairness Index, the proposed scheduler has a fairness index of 0.97. For 20 users at 5MHz bandwidth, the average queuing delay gives the value of 5ms for Round Robin scheduler, 29.38ms for Best CQI scheduler, and 0.94ms for the proposed scheduler

Rancang Bangun Perangkat Lunak Sistem Auto Tracking Satellite Antenna Mobile Menggunakan Metode Azimut-elevasi Dan Koreksi Modem

Software Design of Mobile Antenna for Auto Satellite Tracking using Modem Correction and Elevation AzimuthMethod. Pointing accuracy is an important thing in satellite communication. Because the satellite’s distance to thesurface of the earth\u27s satellite is so huge, thus 1 degree of pointing error will make the antenna can not send data tosatellites. To overcome this, the auto-tracking satellite controller is made. This system uses a microcontroller as thecontroller, with the GPS as the indicator location of the antenna, digital compass as the beginning of antenna pointingdirection, rotary encoder as sensor azimuth and elevation, and modem to see Eb/No signal. The microcontroller useserial communication to read the input. Thus the programming should be focused on in the UART and serialcommunication software UART. This controller use 2 phase in the process of tracking satellites. Early stages is themethod Elevation-Azimuth, where at this stage with input from GPS, Digital Compass, and the position of satellites(both coordinates, and height) that are stored in microcontroller. Controller will calculate the elevation and azimuthangle, then move the antenna according to the antenna azimuth and elevation angle. Next stages is correction modem,where in this stage controller only use modem as the input, and antenna movement is set up to obtain the largest valueof Eb/No signal. From the results of the controller operation, there is a change in the value of the original input levelfrom -81.7 dB to -30.2 dB with end of Eb/No value, reaching 5.7 dB