Penggunaan Analogi dalam Pembelajaran Kesetimbangan Kimia untuk Mencegah Miskonsepsi Mahasiswa Kimia Universitas Negeri Gorontalo Semester II Tahun Akademik 2014/2015

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran (Mixed Methods) yang merupakan gabungan metode kualitatif dan kuatitatif. Tujuan penelitian adalah 1) Untuk mendeskripsikan miskonsepsi mahasiswa pada konsep kesetimbangan kimia. 2) Untuk mengukur keefektifan penggunaan analogi dalam pembelajaran untuk mencegah miskonsepsi pada konsepi kesetimbangan kimia. 3) Untuk mendeskripsikan struktur pemahaman mahasiswa dalam memahami konsepi kesetimbangan kimia. Populasi sekaligus sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa jurusan kimia yang berjumlah 65 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes pemahaman konsep kesetimbangan kimia dan wawancara semi terstruktur. Teknik Analisis data untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi dilakukan dengan menganalisa kombinasi jawaban dan alasan dengan merujuk pada kategori pemahaman Tuysuz (2009), dan untuk mengukur keefektifan penggunaan analogi dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA sedangkan untuk menganaliis hasil wawancara semi terstruktur didasarkan pada kategori CRI hasil modifikasi Hakim, dkk (2009). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran yang menggunakan analogi efektif untuk mencegah miskonsepsi hal ini dapat dilihat dari penurunan yang signifikan pada kelas eksperimen setelah adanya perlakuan yaitu sebesar 14,68%. Struktur pemahaman mereka mengenai konsep kesetimbangan kimia tidak menyeluruh sehingga mahasiswa tidak berhasil mengaitkan konsep yang satu dengan konsep yang lain, serta gagal memahami konsep dasar sehingga tidak mampu memahami konsep selanjutnya dengan benar. Dalam hal ini mereka masih keliru dan masih sulit untuk menjelaskan konsep kesetimbangan dinamis, pergeseran kesetimbangan dan rumus penentuan tetapan kesetimbangan

BinCam:designing for engagement with Facebook for behavior change

Abstract. In this paper we continue work to investigate how we can engage young adults in behaviors of recycling and the prevention of food waste through social media and persuasive and ubiquitous computing systems. Our previous work with BinCam, a two-part design combining a system for the collection of waste-related behaviors with a Facebook application, suggested that although this ubiquitous system could raise awareness of recycling behavior, engagement with social media remained low. In this paper we reconsider our design in terms of engagement, examining both the theoretical and practical ways in which engagement can be designed for. This paper presents findings from a new user study exploring the redesign of the social media interface following this analysis. By incorporating elements of gamification, social support and improved data visualization, we contribute insights on the relative potential of these techniques to engage individuals across the lifespan of a system’s deployment

The Portrayal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Mass Print Magazines Since 1980

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine and describe the portrayal of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in mass print media magazines. Design: The sample included all 37 articles found in magazines with circulation rates of greater than 1 million published in the United States and Canada from 1980 to 2005. The analysis was quantitative and qualitative and included investigation of both manifest and latent magazine story messages. Results: Manifest analysis noted that CAM was largely represented as a treatment for a patient with a medically diagnosed illness or specific symptoms. Discussions used biomedical terms such as patient rather than consumer and disease rather than wellness. Latent analysis revealed three themes: (1) CAMs were described as good but not good enough; (2) individualism and consumerism were venerated; and (3) questions of costs were raised in the context of confusion and ambivalence

Social and cultural origins of motivations to volunteer a comparison of university students in six countries

Although participation in volunteering and motivations to volunteer (MTV) have received substantial attention on the national level, particularly in the US, few studies have compared and explained these issues across cultural and political contexts. This study compares how two theoretical perspectives, social origins theory and signalling theory, explain variations in MTV across different countries. The study analyses responses from a sample of 5794 students from six countries representing distinct institutional contexts. The findings provide strong support for signalling theory but less so for social origins theory. The article concludes that volunteering is a personal decision and thus is influenced more at the individual level but is also impacted to some degree by macro-level societal forces

Leadership Reconsidered: Engaging Higher Education in Social Change

Colleges and universities can provide effective environments for the development of future leaders. This book addresses the application of transformative leadership to higher education, identifies resources to use in the process, and..

Reporting of factorial trials of complex interventions in community settings: a systematic review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Standards for the reporting of factorial randomised trials remain to be established. We aimed to review the quality of reporting of methodological aspects of published factorial trials of complex interventions in community settings.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychInfo and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register to identify factorial randomised trials of complex interventions in community settings from January 2000 to August 2009. We also conducted a citation search of two review papers published in 2003. Data were extracted by two reviewers on 22 items relating to study design, analysis and presentation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We identified 5941 unique titles, from which 116 full papers were obtained and 76 were included in the review. The included trials reflected a broad range of target conditions and types of intervention. The median sample size was 400 (interquartile range 191-1001). Most (88%) trials employed a 2 × 2 factorial design. Few trials (21%) explicitly stated the rationale for using a factorial design. Reporting of aspects of design, analysis or presentation specific to factorial trials was variable, but there was no evidence that reporting of these aspects was different for trials published before or after 2003. However, for CONSORT items that apply generally to the reporting of all trials, there was some evidence that later studies were more likely to report employing an intention-to-treat (ITT) approach (78% vs 52%), present appropriate between-group estimates of effect (88% vs 63%), and present standard errors or 95% confidence intervals for such estimates (78% vs 56%). Interactions between interventions and some measure of the precision associated with such effects were reported in only 14 (18%) trials.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Reports of factorial trials of complex interventions in community settings vary in the amount of information they provide regarding important methodological aspects of design and analysis. This variability supports the extension of CONSORT guidelines to include the specific reporting of factorial trials.</p

Enhancing the early student experience

This paper is concerned with identifying how the early student experience can be enhanced in order to improve levels of student retention and achievement. The early student experience is the focus of this project as the literature has consistently declared the first year to be the most critical in shaping persistence decisions. Programme managers of courses with high and low retention rates have been interviewed to identify activities that appear to be associated with good retention rates. The results show that there are similarities in the way programmes with high retention are run, with these features not being prevalent on programmes with low retention. Recommendations of activities that appear likely to enhance the early student experience are provided

Using Effect Size in Evaluating Academic Engagement and Motivation in a Private Business School

This research analyses student engagement and motivation data gathered from a UK-based private business university and multiple European public universities. The data was obtained using an Internet-based generic expert system called Evolute. In this research, the self-evaluation results from 40 undergraduate business school students were subjected to comparison analysis using an effect size described by Cohen’s d-values. Using the effect size in the analysis helps to easily identify the areas or the specific items where the benchmarked university is doing well compared to others, as well as to find out the areas or items that could be subjected for improvement. According to the results, the benchmarked institution scored higher mean values in 95% of statements than all the other cases conducted with the instrument at public universities

Managing lifestyle change to reduce coronary risk: a synthesis of qualitative research on peoples’ experiences

Background Coronary heart disease is an incurable condition. The only approach known to slow its progression is healthy lifestyle change and concordance with cardio-protective medicines. Few people fully succeed in these daily activities so potential health improvements are not fully realised. Little is known about peoples’ experiences of managing lifestyle change. The aim of this study was to synthesise qualitative research to explain how participants make lifestyle change after a cardiac event and explore this within the wider illness experience. Methods A qualitative synthesis was conducted drawing upon the principles of meta-ethnography. Qualitative studies were identified through a systematic search of 7 databases using explicit criteria. Key concepts were identified and translated across studies. Findings were discussed and diagrammed during a series of audiotaped meetings. Results The final synthesis is grounded in findings from 27 studies, with over 500 participants (56% male) across 8 countries. All participants experienced a change in their self-identity from what was ‘familiar’ to ‘unfamiliar’. The transition process involved ‘finding new limits and a life worth living’ , ‘finding support for self’ and ‘finding a new normal’. Analyses of these concepts led to the generation of a third order construct, namely an ongoing process of ‘reassessing past, present and future lives’ as participants considered their changed identity. Participants experienced a strong urge to get back to ‘normal’. Support from family and friends could enable or constrain life change and lifestyle changes. Lifestyle change was but one small part of a wider ‘life’ change that occurred. Conclusions The final synthesis presents an interpretation, not evident in the primary studies, of a person-centred model to explain how lifestyle change is situated within ‘wider’ life changes. The magnitude of individual responses to a changed health status varied. Participants experienced distress as their notion of self identity shifted and emotions that reflected the various stages of the grief process were evident in participants’ accounts. The process of self-managing lifestyle took place through experiential learning; the level of engagement with lifestyle change reflected an individual’s unique view of the balance needed to manage ‘realistic change’ whilst leading to a life that was perceived as ‘worth living’. Findings highlight the importance of providing person centred care that aligns with both psychological and physical dimensions of recovery which are inextricably linked