Towards Innovative Healthcare Grid Solutions: ViroLab - A Virtual Laboratory for Infectious Diseases

With more rare and critical diseases, medical diagnoses and disease prevention constitutes one of the challenging and at the same time most difficult fields in modern health care. Using interdisciplinary approaches where different areas of research such as biology, chemistry, mathematics, and computer science meet together in order to analyze, understand and reconstruct complex medical processes, those projects typically achieve excellent research results but are inefficient and unfeasible for daily medical workflows. The EU funded project ViroLab should address this important issue by combining different scientists together into one project in order to design and develop a working platform for researchers and especially for doctors, which facilitates medical knowledge discovery and decision support for HIV drug resistance for daily clinical usage. In this paper, we will present the overall concept of the ViroLab project. The core functionalities will be described in detail and shall give the readers an idea of an innovative system for disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment based on integrated biomedical data and information on several levels

Awareness of Medical Workers with Early Diagnosis of Cognitive Disorders at the Primary Health Care Level in the Republic of Kazakhstan

   BACKGROUND: Early detection of cognitive impairments (CIs) has been identified as one of the most important factors for the treatment of the disease. The World Alzheimer report 2011 states that the earlier a diagnosis is known, the better patients can be treated medically, patients and their family members can adapt to the development and learn to deal with the disease. Early diagnosis also leads to higher cost-effectivity, which will further improve, when treatments and social care interventions become more effective in future. It is the first-contact doctor who becomes the main figure in identifying the patient’s cognitive disorders. AIM: This study aimed to research the awareness of medical workers with early diagnosis of cognitive disorders at the PHC level in Kazakhstan. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study. A survey of primary healthcare workers was conducted to study the early diagnosis of CI in the elderly in the period from December 2019 to March 2020. The questionnaire was developed independently according to international finding and experiences and passed the validation process. The questionnaire included questions such as age, gender, nationality, education, specialty, work experience, conduct early diagnosis of CI or not, what methods respondents know, time available for admission for early diagnosis, desire to learn early diagnosis methods, and the region of residence. RESULTS: The total number of respondents was 823. To the question, “Do you check older patients for early cognitive impairment?” 335 (40.7%) answered “no.” To the question “Do you have time to use methods for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly during admission?” “no” – 354 (43%). To the question “Would you like to learn methods for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly?” The answer was “yes” 759 (92.2%) of respondents. This study reveals that the presence of time during admission, the region of residence, and the desire to study affect whether elder people check for early CI or not, in turn, specialty, education, gender, nationality, age, and work experience do not affect. We have identified a relationship of age, region of residence with the availability of time during admission to use methods for early diagnosis of CI, while it was absent with work experience. The region of residence, the availability of time during admission, and education influenced the respondents’ desire to learn early diagnosis methods, while age and work experience did not. CONCLUSION: The problem of early diagnosis of CI in the elderly at the PHC level is relevant and not fully understood. Early detection of CI at the PHC level is a key element in the fight against such a serious condition as dementia

Kazakh Text Generation using Neural Bag-of-Words Model for Sentiment Analysis

Text generation plays an important role in making decisions in business. Analyzing the consumer’s feedback provides a complete picture of the problem with a definite direction. However, sentimental analyses of reviews in the Kazakh language are not widely cultivated. In this paper, we introduce the Kazakh text generation using the Bag-of-Words model (BoW) models for analyzing the opinions of consumers in social networks. The use of proposed models in natural language processing consists of four stages: data collection, cleaning data, building model, and model evaluation. The proposed BoW model is supported by the platform - Colab notebook and implemented using the python language. Based on experimental results, defined method with higher efficiency as compared to other existing analogs

Large N Free Energy of 3d N=4 SCFTs and AdS/CFT

We provide a non-trivial check of the AdS_4/CFT_3 correspondence recently proposed in arXiv:1106.4253 by verifying the GKPW relation in the large N limit. The CFT free energy is obtained from the previous works (arXiv:1105.2551, arXiv:1105.4390) on the S^3 partition function for 3-dimensional N=4 SCFT T[SU(N)]. This is matched with the computation of the type IIB action on the corresponding gravity background. We unexpectedly find that the leading behavior of the free energy at large N is 1/2 N^2 ln N. We also extend our results to richer theories and argue that 1/2 N^2 ln N is the maximal free energy at large N in this class of gauge theories.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figure

Permutation orbifolds of heterotic Gepner models

We study orbifolds by permutations of two identical N=2 minimal models within the Gepner construction of four dimensional heterotic strings. This is done using the new N=2 supersymmetric permutation orbifold building blocks we have recently developed. We compare our results with the old method of modding out the full string partition function. The overlap between these two approaches is surprisingly small, but whenever a comparison can be made we find complete agreement. The use of permutation building blocks allows us to use the complete arsenal of simple current techniques that is available for standard Gepner models, vastly extending what could previously be done for permutation orbifolds. In particular, we consider (0,2) models, breaking of SO(10) to subgroups, weight-lifting for the minimal models and B-L lifting. Some previously observed phenomena, for example concerning family number quantization, extend to this new class as well, and in the lifted models three family models occur with abundance comparable to two or four.Comment: 49 pages, 4 figure

Investigating the Communicative Functions of Interrogative Sentences in Dialogue Texts

The article aims to study the problem of the peculiarities of the communicative functions of interrogative sentences. The relevance of the problem is connected with the rich pragmatic fullness of these linguistic units. The issue of communicative functions of interrogative sentences was considered from the theory of speech acts, in which they are realized. Thus, examples of interrogatives were analyzed in representative, directive, commission, and expressive speech acts based on dialogues from the sitcom “Big Bang Theory”. Determining the quantitative ratio of interrogatives in the composition of different types of speech acts and comparing these statistics with the results of another study allowed the authors to decide the most productive types. The prospect of further research is a more in-depth study of the pragmatics of interrogative sentences, as well as interdisciplinary research

Informal Science, Technology, Engineering and Math Learning Conditions to Increase Parent Involvement With Young Children Experiencing Poverty

Broadening participation in early science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) learning outside of school is important for families experiencing poverty. We evaluated variations of the Teaching Together STEM pre-kindergarten program for increasing parent involvement in STEM learning. This informal STEM, family engagement program was offered in 20 schools where 92% of students received free/reduced lunch. The core treatment included a series of family education workshops, text messages, and family museum passes. The workshops were delivered at school sites by museum outreach educators. We randomly assigned schools to business-as-usual control or one of three additive treatment groups. Using an additive treatment design, we provided the core program in Treatment A, we added take-home STEM materials in Treatment B, and added materials + parent monetary rewards in Treatment C. The primary outcome was parent involvement in STEM

Simple holographic duals to boundary CFTs

By relaxing the regularity conditions imposed in arXiv:1107.1722 on half-BPS solutions to six-dimensional Type~4b supergravity, we enlarge the space of solutions to include two new half-BPS configurations, which we refer to as the \kap\ and the \funnel. We give evidence that the \kap\ and \funnel\ can be interpreted as fully back-reacted brane solutions with respectively $AdS_2$ and $AdS_2\times S^2$ world volumes. \kap\ and \funnel\ solutions with a single asymptotic $AdS_3 \times S^3$ region are constructed analytically. We argue that \kap\ solutions provide simple examples of holographic duals to boundary CFTs in two dimensions and present calculations of their holographic boundary entropy to support the BCFT dual picture.Comment: 37 pages, pdflatex, 5 figure

A Numerical And Experimental Study of Louvered Fin Heat Exchanger Performance

The louvered fin heat exchanger is a very widely used method to increase thecompact heat transfer coefficient on the air-side of condensers by adding fins andinitiating new boundary layer growth and increasing surface area. The governingequations of such application are the Navier Steckes equation and energy equation. Atwo-dimensional, turbulent, compressible flow is simulated and solved. The solutiongives the distributions of velocity and temperature (which is represented by Nusseltnumber). Laminar and turbulent flow were studied experimentally and only turbulentflow was studied theoretically, for a range of ReLp 230 to 8100 with constant inlettemperature of 21C˚with two angles of louver fin 27˚ and 35 ˚. The ideal geometry forheat transfer performance was determined to be dependent on Reynolds number. Atlower Reynolds number the optimal geometry was found to be θ = 27º and at highReynolds number the ideal geometry was determined to beθ = 35º, Fp/Lp = 0.58

Insulin Resistance and Contrainsular Response in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

BACKGROUND: The number of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is progressively increasing all over the world. Over the past three decades, the global burden of diabetes has increased from 30 million in 1985 to 382 million in 2015, and current trends indicate that the prevalence of diabetes grows progressively. The phenomenon of insulin resistance established in the majority of type 2 DM (T2DM) patients. T2DM is associated with β-cell deficiency, α-cell resistance to insulin, and reduced effects of incretin. However, the role of insulin and glucagon in the process of cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients is a matter of debate. AIM: Our study aims to estimate insulin resistance and the contrainsular response in patients with T2DM and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS: The 104 T2DM patients aged 18–70 years participated in the observational study carried out in the Karaganda regional cardiosurgery hospital and ambulatory. The first group included 37 patients hospitalized for ACS in the first 24 h of admission. The second group included 67 patients without ACS. Determination of insulin resistance and contrainsular response was provided using a multiplex immunological assay with XMap technology on Bioplex 3D. RESULTS: During the research, we have discovered a decreased level of glucagon and increased homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with T2DM diabetes and ACS. Evaluation of traditional correlation interactions of HOMA-IR and indicators of carbohydrate metabolism showed a positive correlation with fasting plasma glucose in both study groups (Group 1: R = 0.47, p = 0.003; Group 2: R = 0.41, p = 0.024). Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 has a weak positive correlation with HOMA-IR only in the first group (R = 0.32, p = 0.006). Increased insulin resistance was associated with high GLP-1 levels and low glucagon. The logistic regression model established that an increased HOMA-IR index rises the chance of ACS by 10.6% (OR = 1.106 [95% CI 1.105–1.206], p = 0,021). The logistic regression model, reflecting the relation between glucagon and ACS, shows that increased glucagon reduces the ACS odds (OR = 0.989 [95% CI 0.979–0.999], p = 0.026). The adjusted regression model showed no significant influence of early presented factors on the probability of ACS. CONCLUSION: There is a trend toward elevated HOMA-IR insulin resistance index and decreased level of glucagon in diabetic patients with ACS