Chronic tension-type headache as a risk factor of myofascial trigger points in upper trapezius muscle fibers in neck pain patients

Chronic tension type headache (CTTH) is one of the very common neurological conditions which have striking impact on daily functional activities. In tension type headaches the myofascial TrP\u27s are frequently examined .It is observed that myofascial pain syndrome is frequent determinant of chronic nonspecific neck pain

The Association Between Cervical Radiculopathy and Quality of Life in Patients With Cervical Spondylosis

Objectives: To determine the association between cervical radiculopathy and quality of life (QoL) in patients with cervical spondylosis. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 273 patients in five hospitals in Lahore within 3 months from April to June 2021. The Spurling test was used to measure cervical radiculopathy. The participants were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The Spurling test was used to measure cervical radiculopathy and its symptoms. The World Health Organization quality of life scale (WHOQoL) was used to evaluate the QoL of patients suffering from cervical spondylosis.  Results: Of 273 patients, 42.9% were male and 57.1% female. Their Mean±SD age was 42±11.9 years. Also, 70.3% had positive Spurling test, and 29.7% had negative results. Their Mean±SD physical health score was 11.70±1.74 (out of a total of 20), and their Mean±SD psychological health score was 11.75±1.78 (out of a total of 20). The Mean±SD social relationships score was 11.19±2.98 (out of a total of 20), and their Mean±SD environment health score was 11.13±3.08 out of a total of 20. P indicates a significant difference in the QoL between patients with positive and negative Spurling tests. Patients with negative Spurling tests had higher QoL scores. Greater scores denote a higher QoL Discussion: There is a significant association between cervical radiculopathy and QoL in patients with cervical spondylosis. These results will help us in the future to design educational programs or modify the lifestyle of those patients with cervical radiculopathy. This research concluded that there is a significant difference in the QoL among patients with positive and negative Spurling tests. Patients with negative Spurling tests have higher QoL scores. Hence there is a significant association between diagnosed cervical radiculopathy and QoL

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of guava and papaya leaves for the development of functional shrimp patties

Abstract The current study was aimed to evaluate the effects of guava and papaya leaves extract on the antioxidant profile and their outcomes in the storage stability of shrimp patties. Total of seven treatments were prepared by employing guava leaf extract (GLE) and papaya leaf extract (PLE) including control. Both the extracts were employed in the concentration of 1% and 2% each and in combination as 1:1% and 2:2%, respectively. The shrimp patties were kept in ziplock bags at refrigeration temperature, and further analysis was done after 21 days of storage period with intermittent evaluation interval of 7 days. The antioxidant capability of functional shrimp patties was determined by total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Higher significant values of TPC, DPPH, and FRAP were observed in the functional shrimp patties enriched with GLE2%:PLE2% at start of the experiment. The physicochemical parameters were observed by hunter color, TVBN, TBARS, and peroxide value (POV). Higher significant values of TVBN, TBARS, and peroxide were observed in the control samples as compared to treatment group GLE2%:PLE2%. The bacterial counts were also higher in control samples as compared to the treatment group GLE2%:PLE2%. The sensorial attributes were observed regarding appearance, taste, texture, odor, and overall acceptability. The maximum scores related all parameters were gathered by control group but significantly lower scores were for the group GLE2%:PLE2%. In conclusion, functional shrimp patties enriched with GLE2%:PLE2% showed better antioxidant capacity, stability, and sensory characteristics during storage

Curcumin and its allied analogues: epigenetic and health perspectives - A review

Curcumin (diferuoyl methane) is a yellow active ingredient present in turmeric. It is a homodimer of feruloylmethane that comprises a hydroxyl and methoxy group (heptadiene with two Michael acceptors), and α-, β-diketone. It contains various metabolites, i.e. hexahydrocurcumin (HHC), tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), octahydrocurcumin (OHC), dihydrocurcumin (DHC), curcumin sulphate, and curcumin glucuronide. Curcumin has been proven the most effective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor in HeLa nuclear extracts. It has the ability to affect the Akt, growth factors, NF-kB, and metastatic and angiogenic pathways. Curcumin has a strong therapeutic or preventive potential against several major human ailments, i.e. suppression of inflammation, cardiovascular, diabetes, tumorigenesis, chronic fatigue, antidepressant and neurological activities, depression, loss of muscle and bone, and neuropathic pain. In future, higher utilisation of curcumin as an active agent in food based products is required to curtail the human health disorders

Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research

Background The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine

Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

This was an investigator initiated study funded by Nestle Health Sciences through an unrestricted research grant, and by a National Institute for Health Research (UK) Professorship held by RP. The study was sponsored by Queen Mary University of London