Impacto de una campaña de mejora de la higiene de manos sobre el consumo de soluciones hidroalcohólicas en un hospital de tercer nivel

ResumenObjetivoValorar la influencia sobre el consumo de preparados de base alcohólica de una campaña de mejora de la higiene de manos, y más concretamente del desarrollo de talleres prácticos sobre higienización de manos en un hospital de tercer nivel del Servicio Cántabro de Salud.MétodosSe realizó un estudio ecológico con datos de enero de 2005 a diciembre de 2008. La variable dependiente fue el consumo de preparados de base alcohólica (ml/día). Como variable independiente se utilizó la campaña de mejora de la higiene de manos desarrollada en el Servicio Cántabro de Salud. Para valorar la relación del consumo con la campaña se utilizó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple.Resultados y conclusionesDestaca la asociación entre la formación recibida sobre higiene de manos en las unidades de hospitalización y el consumo de preparados de base alcohólica, que mejora al consolidarse la campaña (año 2008) y demuestra un efecto positivo de ésta, en especial de sus aspectos formativos.AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of a hand hygiene program on consumption of alcoholic hand rub, and specifically the impact of the development of hand washing training in a tertiary hospital belonging to the Cantabrian Health Service in Spain.MethodsWe performed an ecological study from January 2005 to December 2008. The dependent variable was consumption of alcoholic hand rub (ml/day). As the independent variable, we used the hand hygiene campaign developed by the Cantabrian Health Service. The relationship between alcoholic hand rub consumption and the campaign was evaluated using multiple linear regression.Results and conclusionsThe training received in hand hygiene in hospital wards was associated with consumption of alcoholic hand rub, which improved as the campaign became consolidated (in 2008) and showed a positive effect, particularly its training aspects

Epidemiología de los gérmenes multirresistentes.

RESUMEN: Los gérmenes multirresistentes constituyen en la actualidad una de las principales amenazas para la salud pública a nivel mundial. En los últimos años, se han producido cambios en la epidemiología de la resistencia a antimicrobianos. Este problema que antes quedaba circunscrito a los hospitales ha traspasado la barrera hospitalaria, se produce el tránsito de patógenos hospitalarios a centros sociosanitarios, lo que convierte a estos centros en reservorio de estos microorganismos; además ha aparecido alguna bacteria multirresistente, que se comporta como patógeno comunitario. Desde el año 2001 las políticas de vigilancia y control de este tipo de gérmenes se han incrementado, y eso ha hecho que en algunos casos como el estafilococo aureus resistente a la meticilina (SARM) la incidencia haya descendido.ABSTRACT: Multidrug-resistant pathogens have become one of the most important threats to public health worldwide. In recent years, there have been changes in the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. This problem wich was previously confined to hospitals, has crossed the hospital barriers. Transit of hospital pathogens occurs to nursing homes for the elderly, which makes these centers reservoir of these microorganisms. Some multidrug-resistant bacteria, as community pathogens, have also appeared. Since 2001, policies of surveillance and control of this type of germs have increased, and that has meant that in some cases such as Methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), incidence has declined

Prevención y control de infecciones por microorganismos multirresistentes.

RESUMEN: La incidencia de infecciones causadas por microorganismos multirresistentes (MMR) y, en concreto, por enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasas está aumentando en el mundo entero. Además, la diseminación está ocurriendo con mucha rapidez. Al empezar a escasear nuestras posibilidades terapéuticas, puesto que estas bacterias son resistentes a diferentes grupos de antibacterianos, las medidas para prevenir las infecciones antes de tener que tratarlas está teniendo un papel importante para frenar la evolución de esta situación. Se describen brevemente las principales medidas de prevención y control de MMR de probada Eficacia en el ámbito sanitario: higiene de manos, medidas de aislamiento de contacto, vigilancia activa de casos, formación del personal sanitario, limpieza ambiental “intensa” e intercambio de información entre centros asistenciales.ABSTRACT: The infection rates of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), especially of carbapenemaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae, are increasing all around the world. Dissemination is occurring rapidly. Therapeutic options are becoming scarce because many of these bacteria are resistant to multiple antimicrobial groups. Prevention and control of MDRO transmission is getting more and more important to stop the evolution of this situation. The principal evidence based control interventions in healthcare settings will be described shortly in this article: hand hygiene, use of contact precautions, active surveillance cultures, staff education, enhanced environmental cleaning and sharing of information between health care organizations regarding patient MDRO-status

Complications of Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheters: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background and Aim The use of venous catheters is a widespread practice, especially in oncological and oncohematological units. The objective of this study was to evaluate the complications associated with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in a cohort of patients. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we included all patient carrying PICCs (n = 603) inserted at our institute between October 2010 and December 2013. The main variables collected were medical diagnosis, catheter care, location, duration of catheterization, reasons for catheter removal, complications, and nursing care. Complications were classified as infection, thrombosis, phlebitis, migration, edema, and/or ecchymosis. Results All patients were treated according to the same “nursing care” protocol. The incidence rate of complications was two cases per 1000 days of catheter duration. The most relevant complications were infection and thrombosis, both with an incidence of 0.17 cases per 1000 days of the total catheterization period. The total average duration of catheterization was 170 days [SD 6.06]. Additionally to “end of treatment” (48.42%) and “exitus”, (22.53%) the most frequent cause of removal was migration (displacement towards the exterior) of the catheter (5.80%). Conclusions PICCs are safe devices that allow the administration of long-term treatment and preserve the integrity of the venous system of the patient. Proper care of the catheter is very important to improve the quality life of patients with oncologic and hematologic conditions. Therefore, correct training of professionals and patients as well as following the latest scientific recommendations are particularly relevant

Impacto de una campaña de mejora de la higiene de manos sobre el consumo de soluciones hidroalcohólicas en un hospital de tercer nivel Impact of a hand hygiene campaign on alcoholic hand rub consumption in a tertiary hospital

Objetivo: Valorar la influencia sobre el consumo de preparados de base alcohólica de una campaña de mejora de la higiene de manos, y más concretamente del desarrollo de talleres prácticos sobre higienización de manos en un hospital de tercer nivel del Servicio Cántabro de Salud. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio ecológico con datos de enero de 2005 a diciembre de 2008. La variable dependiente fue el consumo de preparados de base alcohólica (ml/día). Como variable independiente se utilizó la campaña de mejora de la higiene de manos desarrollada en el Servicio Cántabro de Salud. Para valorar la relación del consumo con la campaña se utilizó un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados y conclusiones: Destaca la asociación entre la formación recibida sobre higiene de manos en las unidades de hospitalización y el consumo de preparados de base alcohólica, que mejora al consolidarse la campaña (año 2008) y demuestra un efecto positivo de ésta, en especial de sus aspectos formativos.Objective: To evaluate the influence of a hand hygiene program on consumption of alcoholic hand rub, and specifically the impact of the development of hand washing training in a tertiary hospital belonging to the Cantabrian Health Service in Spain. Methods: We performed an ecological study from January 2005 to December 2008. The dependent variable was consumption of alcoholic hand rub (ml/day). As the independent variable, we used the hand hygiene campaign developed by the Cantabrian Health Service. The relationship between alcoholic hand rub consumption and the campaign was evaluated using multiple linear regression. Results and conclusions: The training received in hand hygiene in hospital wards was associated with consumption of alcoholic hand rub, which improved as the campaign became consolidated (in 2008) and showed a positive effect, particularly its training aspects

Distribution diagnosis of patients with peripherally inserted central catheters.

<p>Cantabria (Spain): patient carriers of peripherally inserted central catheters, 2010–2013.</p

Age distribution of patients with peripherally inserted central catheters.

<p>Cantabria (Spain): patient carriers of peripherally inserted central catheters, 2010–2013.</p

Presence of complications regarding sex, age, diagnosis, and localization of the peripherally inserted central catheters.

<p>Cantabria (Spain): patient carriers of peripherally inserted central catheters, 2010–2013.</p

Analysis of complications of peripherally inserted central catheters.

<p>Cantabria (Spain): patient carriers of peripherally inserted central catheters, 2010–2013.</p