Security Issues in Data Warehouse: A Systematic Review

AbstractAs Data Warehouse store huge amount of data with the span of more than decades, the security of this huge information base is crucial for the sustainability and reliability of data warehouse. Since its advent the data warehouse has gone through various technological changes, which has prompted changes in the security strategies as well. This article, is taking a deep look at the various changes in the security mechanisms of the Data Warehouse, along with the changes in the strategies for the data warehouse development. It helps in understanding the various security aspects related to Data Warehouse, in coherence with the different methodologies employed for its development and functioning

Squamous Metaplasia in Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Diagnostic and Prognostic Enigma

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor. Histologically, squamous metaplasia has been reported in PA, but has rarely been documented as being extensive enough to cause significant misdiagnosis. Here, we present an unusual case of PA in a 50-year-old female patient presenting with swelling on the postero-lateral aspect of the palate for a week. Histopathologically, the tumor exhibited the features of conventional PA with extensive squamous metaplasia and giant keratotic lamellae in cyst-like areas. Such exuberant squamous metaplasia and keratin can be a diagnostic and prognostic pitfall and lead to overtreatment of the patient

Phenotypic and genotypic differences between Indian and Scandinavian women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a transient form of diabetes characterized by impaired insulin secretion and action during pregnancy. Population-based differences in prevalence exist which could be explained by phenotypic and genetic differences. The aim of this study was to examine these differences in pregnant women from Punjab, India and Scandinavia. Methods Eighty-five GDM/T2D loci in European and/or Indian populations from previous studies were assessed for association with GDM based on Swedish GDM criteria in 4018 Punjabi Indian and 507 Swedish pregnant women. Selected loci were replicated in Scandinavian cohorts, Radiel (N = 398, Finnish) and STORK/STORK-G (N = 780, Norwegian). Results Punjabi Indian women had higher GDM prevalence, lower insulin secretion and better insulin sensitivity than Swedish women. There were significant frequency differences of GDM/T2D risk alleles between both populations. rs7178572 at HMG20A, previously associated with GDM in South Indian and European women, was replicated in North Indian women. The T2D risk SNP rs11605924 in the CRY2 gene was associated with increased GDM risk in Scandinavian but decreased GDM risk in Punjabi Indian women. No other overlap was seen between GDM loci in both populations. Conclusions Gestational diabetes mellitus is more common in Indian than Swedish women, which partially can be attributed to differences in insulin secretion and action. There was marked heterogeneity in the GDM phenotypes between the populations which could only partially be explained by genetic differences.Peer reviewe

Nations within a nation: variations in epidemiological transition across the states of India, 1990–2016 in the Global Burden of Disease Study

18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of reliable and comprehensive state-level estimates of disease burden and risk factors over time. Such comprehensive estimates have not been available so far for all major diseases and risk factors. Thus, we aimed to estimate the disease burden and risk factors in every state of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016

Elementary teachers\u27 practice and perceptions of a new science curriculum in a culturally diverse school setting

The purpose of this study was to understand the development, dissemination, and use of a new elementary school science curriculum designed by district lead-teachers. The focus was on three participant-teachers utilizing this curriculum at three different grade levels within a culturally diverse school setting. Qualitative data collection (observations and interviews) and analysis, with phenomenology as the basic philosophy, guided this study. It was concluded that: (1) The participant-teachers accepted the validity of an external curriculum, felt obliged to cover it, and had a variable understanding of the adaptions they could make. (2) The new curriculum conformed with current national reforms, was teacher proof , user friendly, and student beneficial, although its basic assumptions were unspecified. (3) The prevailing school structure and curricular practices remained intact, and both supported and inhibited the teachers\u27 ability to effectively utilize the curriculum. (4) The participant-teachers approved hands-on instruction as a means to teach science, although they were not equally supportive of cooperative group work or subject area integration. (5) Curriculum/teachers provided direct and predetermined instruction that limited cognitive engagement, although students were excited during activities that increased their curiosity. (6) To facilitate student interaction during hands-on instruction, the participant-teachers gave up certain aspects of teacher-directed work, resulting in reenforcement of their belief that children learn when allowed to explore materials by themselves. (7) Curriculum-directed assessments emphasized observation of student work; performance of hands-on tasks was assumed to lead to science learning. (8) All teachers modified their instruction to meet some of the needs of their students. Special needs and ESL students often received extra instruction in other subjects in place of science. (9) The home environment of many students was not considered conducive to learning; hence such students were not expected to do well in the system. (10) One aim of instruction was to enculturate the students to learn behaviors perceived as prerequisites for learning science

Roots, Routes and Fruits: Feminism and Ecofeminism

Ecofeminism is the missing link that connects woman and nature, while tracing out the patriarchal structures of exploitation and oppression. This paper searches for the origination of ‘Ecofeminism’ that lies somewhere in the fusion of ‘Feminism’ and ‘Ecology.’ While defining the concept of ‘Feminism’, it explores its different forms along with its chronological order through wave metaphor. Feminism nurtures the sapling of Ecofeminism, and with the passage of time, it turns into a tree that bears fruits of the various forms which can be viewed through different perspectives. It presents roots, routes and fruits that come out of ‘Feminism’ and ‘Ecofeminism.’ Knowing nature leads to knowing woman, and knowing woman, leads to knowing nature. The real emancipation lies in saving the earth and woman from exploitation and oppression.    &nbsp

Exploring the role of cAMP in gabapentin- mediated pain attenuating effects in chronic constriction injury model in rats

It has been shown that an increase in cAMP leads to pain sensitization and gabapentin is shown to decrease cAMP levels. However, the impact of drugs modulating cAMP levels on analgesic actions of gabapentin is not studied. The present study investigates the effect of milrinone on pain attenuating effects of gabapentin in chronic constriction injury (CCI). Neuropathic pain was induced by putting four loose ligatures around the sciatic nerve. The pain assessment was done by noting the paw withdrawal threshold in the pinprick test, paw withdrawal latency in hot plate test and paw withdrawal duration in acetone drop test before surgery and on 14th- day post-surgery. There was a significant development of cold allodynia, mechanical and heat hyperalgesia on 14th day in CCI rats. Gabapentin (100 mg/kg) treatment for 14 days significantly attenuated pain, while milrinone (50 mg/kg) treatment for 14 days significantly exacerbated neuropathic pain in CCI-subjected rats. Milrinone (30 and 50 mg/kg) also attenuated analgesic actions of gabapentin in CCI-subjected rats, suggests that gabapentin may abolish neuropathic pain by increasing the intracellular levels of cAMP in CCI-subjected rats

Revisiting Cardiac Cellular Composition.

RATIONALE: Accurate knowledge of the cellular composition of the heart is essential to fully understand the changes that occur during pathogenesis and to devise strategies for tissue engineering and regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relative frequency of cardiac endothelial cells, hematopoietic-derived cells, and fibroblasts in the mouse and human heart. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using a combination of genetic tools and cellular markers, we examined the occurrence of the most prominent cell types in the adult mouse heart. Immunohistochemistry revealed that endothelial cells constitute \u3e60%, hematopoietic-derived cells 5% to 10%, and fibroblasts CONCLUSIONS: This new perspective on the abundance of different cell types in the heart demonstrates that fibroblasts comprise a relatively minor population. By contrast, endothelial cells constitute the majority of noncardiomyocytes and are likely to play a greater role in physiological function and response to injury than previously appreciated. Circ Res 2016 Feb 5; 118(3):400-