Finite Element Analysis is A Powerful Approach To Predictive Manufacturing Parameters

الصيغ التحليلية التي هي في غاية الأهمية في فهم عملية التصنيع ولتحسين خواص معلمات القطع مثل ظروف و أداة القطع مما يؤدى إلى تقليل الاختبارات التجريبية المختبرية اللازمة. ان نمذجة العناصر تنتمي لطريقة المحاكاة العددية التي تعتبر امتدادا طبيعيا من الصيغ التحليلية وتؤسس لبناء علاقة خاصة لتطوير نماذج مفصلة و دقيقة خلال اجراء عملية التصنيع. ويمكن أن توفر معلومات مفصلة عن عملية القطع التي تعتمد على ظروف من اهمها سرعة القطع، وتشكيل الرقاقة، وتحليل الإجهاد والالتواء، ومعدل التغذية. نفذت عملية المعايرة ما بين نمذجة العناصر والتحقق من صحتها بمقارنة النتائج التجريبية المختبرية وبيانات المحاكاة العددية. تشير النتائج إلى وجود توافق جيد بين قيم المحاكاة والاختبارات التجريبية التي تعتمد على نوعين هما المعايرة والتحقق بينهما. ويرجع ذلك إلى ان التحقق من صحة نموذج المحاكاة العددية والتركيبات التحليلية التي تحققت قد اتفقت تماما مع النتائج التجريبية. ويستنتج من ذلك أن نمذجة العنصر يمثل المفتاح الحقيقي لخفض كلفة الانتاج من حيث توفير الوقت اللازم لعملية القطع واطالة عمر أداة القطع.Analytical formulations that is extremely important by understanding how can prepare the manufacturing process and the optimization of machining parameters such as cutting conditions, and tool geometries which is led to reduce the experimental tests needful. Finite element model belong numerical simulation method which is considered natural extension of analytical formulations as established a special relation to develop detailed of models during manufacturing process. It can provide detailed information from machining process that is depending on the cutting conditions such as cutting speed, chip formation, stress-strain analysis, and feed rate. The calibration procedure was carried out of finite element model and validation by comparing the experimental results and the corresponding numerical simulation data. The results indicate there is a good agreement between simulated values and experimental tests which depend to investigate on two types that is calibration and validation. This is because the validation of numerical simulation model and analytical formulations which is verified only when they have conform to experimental results. It concludes that the finite element model represents the real key to reduce the cost of manufacturing in terms of machining time saving and extend the duration of the cutting tool life

Spin Hall effect of vorticity

Using mapping between topological defects in an easy-plane magnet and electrical charges, we study interplay between vorticity and spin currents. We demonstrate that the flow of vorticity is accompanied by the transverse spin current generation; an effect which can be termed as the spin Hall effect of vorticity. We study this effect across the BKT transition and establish the role of dissipation and spin nonconservation in the crossover from spin superfluidity to diffusive spin transport. Our results pave the way for low power computing devices relying on vorticity and spin flows that can propagate over long distances

Majorana Bound States in a \u3ci\u3ed\u3c/i\u3e-wave Superconductor Planar Josephson Junction

We study phase-controlled planar Josephson junctions comprising a two-dimensional electron gas with strong spin-orbit coupling and d-wave superconductors, which have an advantage of a high critical temperature. We show that a region between the two superconductors can be tuned into a topological state by the in-plane Zeeman field, and can host Majorana bound states. The phase diagram as a function of the Zeeman field, chemical potential, and the phase difference between superconductors exhibits the appearance of Majorana bound states for a wide range of parameters. We further investigate the behavior of the topological gap and its dependence on the type of d-wave pairing, i.e., d, d + is, or d + id\u27, and note the difficulties that can arise due to the presence of gapless excitations in pure d-wave superconductors. On the other hand, the planar Josephson junctions based on superconductors with d + is and d + id\u27 pairings can potentially lead to realizations of Majorana bound states. Our proposal can be realized in cuprate superconductors, e.g., in a twisted bilayer, combined with the layered semiconductor Bi2O2Se

Majorana bound states in d-wave superconductor planar Josephson junction

We study phase-controlled planar Josephson junction comprising a two-dimensional electron gas with strong spin-orbit coupling and d-wave superconductors, which have an advantage of high critical temperature. We show that a region between the two superconductors can be tuned into topological state by the in-plane Zeeman field, and can host Majorana bound states. The phase diagram as a function of the Zeeman field, chemical potential, and the phase difference between superconductors exhibits the appearance of robust Majorana bound states for a wide range of parameters. We further investigate the behavior of the topological gap and its dependence on the type of d-wave pairing, i.e., d, d+is, or d+id', and note the difficulties that can arise due to the presence of gapless excitations in pure d-wave superconductors. On the other hand, the planar Josephson junctions based on superconductors with d+is and d+id' pairings can potentially lead to realizations of Majorana bound states. Our proposal can be realized in twisted bilayer d-wave superconductors realizable in mechanically exfoliated van der Waals copper oxide heterostructures.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Frequency and predisposing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy

Objective The objective of our study was to determine the frequency and predisposing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula in postlaryngectomy patients. Materials and methods Charts of those patients who were treated with total laryngectomy for laryngeal carcinoma in our department from 2000 to 2008 were reviewed. Total 77 patients were included in the study. The variables studied for the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after total laryngectomy were: age and gender, diabetes mellitus, post-operative hemoglobin, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tumor characteristics including tumor site, stage, differentiation and extension into pyriform sinus, pre-operative radiotherapy, pre-operative chemotherapy, pre-operative tracheostomy and positive surgical margins. Results Univariate analysis showed diabetes, pre-operative radiotherapy, pre-operative chemotherapy and pre-operative tracheostomy to be significantly associated with the formation of PCF. However, multivariate regression revealed that the only pre-operative radiotherapy was highly associated with the formation of PCF (OR = 132.923, P = 0.001). Conclusions We found 28.6% incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula mainly because of the number of patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy as primary treatment for laryngeal cancers is increasing with current approach of organ preservation protocol

Frequency and predisposing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of our study was to determine the frequency and predisposing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula in postlaryngectomy patients.Materials and methodsCharts of those patients who were treated with total laryngectomy for laryngeal carcinoma in our department from 2000 to 2008 were reviewed. Total 77 patients were included in the study. The variables studied for the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after total laryngectomy were: age and gender, diabetes mellitus, post-operative hemoglobin, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tumor characteristics including tumor site, stage, differentiation and extension into pyriform sinus, pre-operative radiotherapy, pre-operative chemotherapy, pre-operative tracheostomy and positive surgical margins.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed diabetes, pre-operative radiotherapy, pre-operative chemotherapy and pre-operative tracheostomy to be significantly associated with the formation of PCF. However, multivariate regression revealed that the only pre-operative radiotherapy was highly associated with the formation of PCF (OR=132.923, P=0.001).ConclusionsWe found 28.6% incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula mainly because of the number of patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy as primary treatment for laryngeal cancers is increasing with current approach of organ preservation protocol

Taguchi design optimization of machining parameters on the CNC end milling process of halloysite nanotube with aluminium reinforced epoxy matrix (HNT/Al/Ep) hybrid composite

This paper introduces the application of Taguchi optimization methodology in optimizing the cutting parameters of end-milling process for machining the halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with aluminium reinforced epoxy hybrid composite material under dry condition. The machining parameters which are chosen to be evaluated in this study are the depth of cut (d), cutting speed (S) and feed rate (f). While, the response factors to be measured are the surface roughness of the machined composite surface and the cutting force. An orthogonal array of the Taguchi method was set-up and used to analyse the effect of the milling parameters on the surface roughness and cutting force. The result from this study shows that the application of the Taguchi method can determine the best combination of machining parameters that can provide the optimal machining response conditions which are the lowest surface roughness and lowest cutting force value. For the best surface finish, A1–B3–C3 (d = 0.4 mm, S = 1500 rpm, f = 60 mmpm) is found to be the optimized combination of levels for all the three control factors from the analysis. Meanwhile, the optimized combination of levels for all the three control factors from the analysis which provides the lowest cutting force was found to be A2–B2–C2 (d = 0.6 mm, S = 1000 rpm, f = 40 mmpm)

The Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Its Aetiologies

This study aimed at investigating the Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Its Aetiologies, therefore th prostatic hyperplasia predominantly involves the stromal compartment of the gland and affects more than 70% of men of 70 years or older with or without obstructive symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. A consensus view is emerging concerning the factors and control systems that modulate cell proliferation and connective tissue biology in the prostate. The purpose of this review is to discuss some of the recent work contributing to the latter in the context of the aetiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The current study also reviews the most important findings regarding the key mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of BPH. The study concluded that although the pathogenesis of BPH is not yet fully understood, several mechanisms seem to be involved in the development and progression of the disease. These mainly include systemic and local hormonal and vascular alterations as well as prostatic inflammation that would stimulate cellular proliferation

Beyond Vision: Potential Role of AI-enabled Ocular Scans in the Prediction of Aging and Systemic Disorders

In all medical subfields, including ophthalmology, the development of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly cutting-edge deep learning frameworks, has sparked a quiet revolution. The eyes and the rest of the body are anatomically related because of the unique microvascular and neuronal structures they possess. Therefore, ocular image-based AI technology may be a helpful substitute or extra screening method for systemic disorders, particularly in areas with limited resources. This paper provides an overview of existing AI applications for the prediction of systemic diseases from multimodal ocular pictures, including retinal diseases, neurological diseases, anemia, chronic kidney disease, autoimmune diseases, sleep disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and various others. It also covers the process of aging and its predictive biomarkers obtained from AI-based retinal scans. Finally, we also go through these applications existing problems and potential future paths