Social life in Andalusia and Morocco as depicted by Al-Maqhamate Al-Lozumiyeh by Al-Saraqusti’s

This research covers Al-Saraqusti’s Maqamat (as an Andalusian heritage blog) and seeks to identify the image of society through the Maqamat. The importance of this research lies in the richness of the Maqamat, as they are not stories for humor or enjoyment, but rather they are texts distinguished by sophistication and professionalism, and a cultural, historical and intellectual asset that Al-Saraqusti demonstrated within the framework of the Maqamat, granting them the power of etymology and renewal. The research focused on the image of Andalusian society through Al Maqamat Al-luzumiyah. The study included several sections; First: the classes of Andalusian society, second: complaining about time and the cruelty of life, third: amusement and obscenity, fourth: fraud, medical quackery, purchase and sale, fifth: love and flirtation, sixth: foods and beverages, seventh: clothing and ornaments, and eighth: religious manifestations, and it has adopted the social approach because it is the most appropriate approach in portraying society, as well as the descriptive analytical approach in analyzing texts for Maqamat. The research has concluded with a number of results, concluding, the Maqamat have reflected many images of society that highlight societal injustice, which is represented by two different classes; One is wealthy and the other is poor and struggling to make a living in a various way. It also depicted the naivety of some groups related to spells and illusions, described an aspect of Berber life and customs, and depicted the beloved woman who helps the man in tricks in order to obtain money, opposite to the life of asceticism, as a result of the corruption of society and its several flaws. It represented the simulation of the crisis reality in an enlightening manner through demonstrating the two opposites together, controlling the critical approach for each group and social phenomenon

A Quantitative Approach to Estimate the Damage Inflicted by Traffic Pollution on Historic Buildings in Al-Salt City, Jordan

Traffic in the city of Al-Salt is not only putting pedestrians at risk and threatening the health of citizens, it is also damaging the town's historic buildings. Most stone buildings in the heritage-rich city are suffering adverse effects from vehicle-related pollution. This effect is highly visible soiling and discoloration from deposited carbon particles in the form of fine soot on most buildings. The level and progress of the damage depends on the geology of the stone and the proximity of the structure from traffic congestion. The accumulation of soot leads to the buildup of black sulfate (gypsum) skins on the limestone facade which causes the sound stone behind it to disintegrate. It is vital to the well-being of this historic treasure that the volume of the city traffic must be reduced and traffic flow improved. The main objective of this study is to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the damage caused to buildings of historical and cultural value by traffic pollution. Age of vehicles running on city’s streets and the rate of their emissions are quantified and analyzed. Several field investigations and laboratory tests were conducted to identify the chemical relations between pollutants and stone decay on these buildings. Keywords: Traffic pollution, tailpipe emission, vehicular emission, historic buildings, limeston

المهارات التدريسية والسمات الرقمية لمعلمي المرحلة الثانوية في ظل التعليم عن بعد في المدارس الحكومية والخاصة من وجهة نظر الطلبة

هدف البحث التعرّف إلى مهارات المعلم التدريسية وسماته الرقمية التي يريدها الطالب في ظل التعليم عن بعد وما الإجراءات اللازمة لتحسين أدائه لتحقيق التفاعل بينه وبين الطالب وانعكاس هذا التفاعل على تعلّم الطلبة، وقد تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي المسحي للإجابة عن أسئلته والتأكد من فرضياته، وقد أسفر البحث عن النتائج الآتية: جاءت متوسطات تقديرات الطلبة مرتفعة في مجالات الاستبانة وفقراتها كافة ، وهذا مؤشر كبير على حاجة الطلبة إلى توفر مثل هذه المهارات وتلك السمات في معلميهم. هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات استجابات الطلبة تبعًا لمتغير الجنس جاءت لصالح الإناث، ووجود فروقات تبعًا لمتغير المدينة كان لصالح مدينة عمان. عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات استجابات الطلبة تبعًا لمتغير نوع المدرسة (حكومية، خاصة). وقد أوصى البحث بضرورة الأخذ بنتائجه والعمل على اتخاذ الإجراءات والتدابير اللازمة لتحقيقها، وتوفير الدعم اللازم لذلك. The article aimed to identify a teacher\u27s teaching skills and the digital qualities that a student wants in distance education, the procedures necessary to improve his or her performance to achieve interaction between him or her and the student, and the reflection of this interaction on the student\u27s learning. The study used the descriptive survey method to answer its questions and confirm its hypotheses. The study yielded the following results: The averages of students\u27 estimates in all areas of the questionnaire and its paragraphs were high, which strongly indicates students\u27 need for such skills and qualities in their teachers. There are statistically significant differences between the averages of students\u27 responses according to the gender variable in favor of females, and there are differences according to the city variable in favor of the city of Amman. No statistically significant differences exist between the averages of students\u27 responses according to the school type variable (public, private). The study recommends the need to take into account its results and work to take the necessary procedures and measures to achieve them and to provide the necessary support for that

An overview of the Jordanian oil shale: its chemical and geologic characteristics, exploration, reserves and feasibility for oil and cement production

Abstract Oil shale is the most abundant fossil energy resource discovered in Jordan, ranking third after the USA and Brazil in terms of oil shale reserves. This asset is considered to be Jordan's most extensive domestic fossil-fuel source. The identified reserves of this oil shale are huge and sufficient to satisfy the national energy needs for hundreds of years. Numerous geologic studies have shown that the country contains several oil shale deposits. These deposits are regarded as the richest in organic bituminous marl and limestone that occur at shallow depth. Jordanian oil shale is generally of a good quality, with relatively low ash and moisture contents, a gross calorific value of 7.5 MJ/kg, and an oil yield of 8 to 12%. The spent shale has residual carbon content that may be burned to produce further energy, and ash that can be used for cement and building materials. The current study summarizes the results of the former feasibility studies and discuses the scope of future usage of Jordanian oil shale. The value of this oil shale and its associated products is highlighted herein

The Role of Human Resource Management Processes in Achieving Information Security: An applied Study on Saudi Government Universities

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف واقع مساهمة وحدات إدارة الموارد البشرية في تحقيق الأمن المعلوماتي في الجامعات الحكومية السعودية من خلال فحص مدى التزامها بضوابط المواصفة العالمية لنظام إدارة أمن المعلومات ((ISO/IEC 27002:2013. اعتمدت الدراسة على طرق البحث النوعي، حيث تم تصميم قائمة فحص لجمع البيانات اللازمة للدراسة، باستخدام أسلوب المقابلات شبه المهيكلة، والملاحظة المباشرة، وفحص والوثائق المستخدمة بوحدات إدارة الموارد البشرية، كما تم استخدام أسلوب تحليل الفجوات لتحليل البيانات وفهم مدى امتثال وحدات إدارة الموارد البشرية في الجامعات التي شاركت في الدراسة لضوابط أمن المعلومات التي نصت عليها المواصفة ((ISO/IEC 27002:2013. توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج كان من أهمها التزام الجامعات المشاركة في الدراسة بنسب متفاوتة تراوحت بين المتوسط والمرتفع في تطبيق بنود المواصفة العالمية ((ISO/IEC 27002:2013 فيما يتعلق بعمليات إدارة الموارد البشرية (قبل التوظيف، واثناء التوظيف، وعمليات ترك الخدمة أو تغير الوظيفة). وفي ضوء تلك النتائج قدمت الدراسة عدد من التوصيات التي ترشد الجامعات نحو الالتزام الكامل بمتطلبات تلك المواصفة بهدف رفع مستوى مساهمة عمليات إدارة الموارد البشرية في تحقيق الامن المعلوماتي. تصنيف جال: M15.This study aims to reveal the reality of the Human Resources Management Units contribution to achieving information security at Saudi government universities by examining their compliance with the international standard of the Information Security Management System (ISO/IEC 27002:2013). The study was based on qualitative research methods, where a checklist was designed to collect the data needed for the study, using semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and documents examination used in Human Resources management units. The gap analysis method has also been used to analyse data in order to determine the range of compliance of the Universities Human Resources Management Units to the information security controls provided by the international standard (ISO/IEC 27002:2013). The study reached a number of results, the most important of which was the commitment of the participating universities in different rates ranging from medium to high in the application of the international standard (ISO/IEC 27002:2013) controls concerning human resources management processes (before employment, during employment, termination or change of employment). In the light of those findings, the study made several recommendations that guide universities towards full compliance with controls of that international standard in order to raise the level of the contribution of human resources management processes to achieve full information security

Synthesis of Nanosilica for the Removal of Multicomponent Cd2+ and Cu2+ from Synthetic Water: An Experimental and Theoretical Study

Copper and cadmium ions are among the top 120 hazardous chemicals listed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) that can bind to organic and inorganic chemicals. Silica is one of the most abundant oxides that can limit the transport of these chemicals into water resources. Limited work has focused on assessing the applicability of nanosilica for the removal of multicomponent metal ions and studying their interaction on the surface of this adsorbent. Therefore, this study focuses on utilizing a nanosilica for the adsorption of Cd2+ and Cu2+ from water. Experimental work on the single- and multi-component adsorption of these ions was conducted and supported with theoretical interpretations. The nanosilica was characterized by its surface area, morphology, crystallinity, and functional groups. The BET surface area was 307.64 m2/g with a total pore volume of 4.95×10−3 cm3/g. The SEM showed an irregular amorphous shape with slits and cavities. Several Si–O–Si and hydroxyl groups were noticed on the surface of the silica. The single isotherm experiment showed that Cd2+ has a higher uptake (72.13 mg/g) than Cu2+ (29.28 mg/g). The multicomponent adsorption equilibrium shows an affinity for Cd2+ on the surface. This affinity decreases with increasing Cu2+ equilibrium concentration due to the higher isosteric heat from the interaction between Cd and the surface. The experimental data were modeled using isotherms for the single adsorption, with the Freundlich and the non-modified competitive Langmuir models showing the best fit. The molecular dynamics simulations support the experimental data where Cd2+ shows a multilayer surface coverage. This study provides insight into utilizing nanosilica for removing heavy metals from water

Synthesis of Nanosilica for the Removal of Multicomponent Cd2+ and Cu2+ from Synthetic Water: An Experimental and Theoretical Study

Copper and cadmium ions are among the top 120 hazardous chemicals listed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) that can bind to organic and inorganic chemicals. Silica is one of the most abundant oxides that can limit the transport of these chemicals into water resources. Limited work has focused on assessing the applicability of nanosilica for the removal of multicomponent metal ions and studying their interaction on the surface of this adsorbent. Therefore, this study focuses on utilizing a nanosilica for the adsorption of Cd2+ and Cu2+ from water. Experimental work on the single- and multi-component adsorption of these ions was conducted and supported with theoretical interpretations. The nanosilica was characterized by its surface area, morphology, crystallinity, and functional groups. The BET surface area was 307.64 m2/g with a total pore volume of (Formula presented.) cm3/g. The SEM showed an irregular amorphous shape with slits and cavities. Several Si-O-Si and hydroxyl groups were noticed on the surface of the silica. The single isotherm experiment showed that Cd2+ has a higher uptake (72.13 mg/g) than Cu2+ (29.28 mg/g). The multicomponent adsorption equilibrium shows an affinity for Cd2+ on the surface. This affinity decreases with increasing Cu2+ equilibrium concentration due to the higher isosteric heat from the interaction between Cd and the surface. The experimental data were modeled using isotherms for the single adsorption, with the Freundlich and the non-modified competitive Langmuir models showing the best fit. The molecular dynamics simulations support the experimental data where Cd2+ shows a multilayer surface coverage. This study provides insight into utilizing nanosilica for removing heavy metals from water. 2022 by the authors.The authors would like to acknowledge the University of Jordan, Deanship of Scientific research, and the Department of Chemical Engineering for providing the facility to conduct this research; the Gas Processing Center at Qatar University for performing the characterization techniques for the samples; and Hassan Asiri from King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals for providing access to the dynamic molecular simulator.Scopu