Indonesia dalam pertautan budaya pembangunan dan budaya warga desa

The construction of the next imagined-village as a part of the next imagined-Indonesia evokes the need of a new genre on embedding the culture of development and the culture of civil-village. The article presents an “Until-Where” genre (on where the aims of development are reached). In the genre, praxis orientation becomes a context of both cultural analysis and social structure. The deconstructive critique of the culture of development is focused on Kantian humanism, evolutionism and development planning, the politics of space, and capitalization on village development.Co-articulation between the culture of development (which has the tendency for uniformity) and the culture of civil-village (which has the tendency for variation) is constructed, firstly, on toleration between the stake-holders for social transformation. Then the article proposes “Praxis of Familiation”, i.e. imagination on the family structure as a translation process for external influence. Focused on the lower stratum, the familiation should be used to empower the lowest one.Keywordsdeconstruction, “Until-Where” genre, “Praxis of Familiation”

RESENSI BUKU : Pollock, John L. and Joseph Cruz 2003. Contemporary Theories of Knowledge, Second Edition. Rowman & Littlefield: Lanham

Bahwa dalam edisi pertama buku ini langsung digolongan menjadi buku klasik, menunjukkan kualitas isinya yang tinggi. Sedangkan edisi kedua ini, selain digunakan sendiri oleh John L. Pollock –profesor filsafat dan ilmu pengetahuan kognitif di Universitas Arizona—untuk mata kuliah Theory of Knowledge (Teori tentang Pengetahuan) yang dia asuh, buku ini juga digunakan di universitas-universitas lain. Telah puluhan buku lain yang menggunakan citasi dari buku ini. Bahkan banyak yang menyatakan bahwa buku ini jauh lebih bagus dalam menerangkan teori-teori pengetahuan dibandingkan dengan buku-buku serupa, bahkan yang terbit beberapa tahun kemudian, misalnya Introduction to ContemporaryEpistemology (1985) karya Jonathan Dancy, Groundless Belief edisi kedua (1999) dan Problems of Knowledge: A Critical Introduction toEpistemology (2001) karya Michael Williams, Epistemology: Classic Problems and Contemporary Responses (2002) karya Laurence BonJour, dan Knowledge (2001) karya Michael Welbourne (Traiger 2004)

Percobaan Pembangunan Partisipatif dalam Otonomi Daerah

As part of governing mechanism, local participation has already been practiced by numerous ethnic groups of Indonesia since centuries. In modern era, the idea of participation, that was at the outset integrated into development thought as desentralisation, was introduced in 1950s-1960s. In the 1980s, Non-Government Organization adopted participatory development to control government and donor agencies. Since 1990s, donor and developed countries adopted paticipatory development as single approach to operationalize development measures. In Indonesia, participatory development practices need to pay attention on two sub-structures, i.e., program and budget arrangements. Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan (musrenbang) is a participatory-based planning mechanism is run stretching from rural upto national level and is considered to be very central for nation-wide development measures. The mechanism needs to be criticed since it just increases efficiency and effectiveness of development actions, but it fails to expand participaton space of the lowest social layers of rural communitie

Desa Tertinggal di Indonesia

Tulisan ini membuka debat desa tertinggal di Indonesia , karena hasil perhitungan ini telah digunakan oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia dalam Program Kompensasi Pengurangan Subsidi BBM (PKPS-BBM) tahun 2005. Namun secara teoritis muncul dilema antara menggunakan kategorisasi desa tertinggal versi terdahulu dalam rangka membanding angka desa tertinggal antar tahun, dan memperkaya kategori tersebut dengan variabel tambahan yang muncul menjadikannya sulit dibandingkan dengan data-data sebelumnya. Ternyata jumlah desa tertinggal di Indonesia saat ini 11.258 desa, atau 10.758 desa jika NAD tidak dimasukkan. Data ini berbasis Potensi Desa 2003 terbaru. Kategorisasi pengolahan desa tertinggal memiliki bias pada desa pertanian, serta belum mencakup desa-desa hasil pemekaran sejak 2003. Jika desa tertinggal hendak digunakan sebagai indikasi kantong kemiskinan, perlu disadari bahwa dominasi rumahtangga miskin hanya terdapat pada 51 persen desa tertingga

Indonesia dalam Pertautan Budaya Pembangunan dan Budaya Warga Desa

The construction of the next imagined-village as a part of the next imagined-Indonesia evokes the need of a new genre on embedding the culture of development and the culture of civil-village. The article presents an “Until-Where” genre (on where the aims of development are reached). In the genre, praxis orientation becomes a context of both cultural analysis and social structure. The deconstructive critique of the culture of development is focused on Kantian humanism, evolutionism and development planning, the politics of space, and capitalization on village development.Co-articulation between the culture of development (which has the tendency for uniformity) and the culture of civil-village (which has the tendency for variation) is constructed, firstly, on toleration between the stake-holders for social transformation. Then the article proposes “Praxis of Familiation”, i.e. imagination on the family structure as a translation process for external influence. Focused on the lower stratum, the familiation should be used to empower the lowest one

Production Orientation within Poverty Reduction in Indonesian

Diskursus kemiskinan terbesar saat ini diletakkan di atas metafora proses produksi. Diskursus terbangun dari pemikiran dikotomis, yaitu dikotomi kaya-miskin, produktif-tidak produktif, organisasi lokal-global.Diskursus ini dibangun oleh lembaga global, dan diimplementasikan pada tingkat nasional, daerah, hingga desa.Diskursus tersebut dibangun melalui standardisasi, normalisasi, dan pendisiplinan.Formalisasi diskursus dilaksanakan melalui pelatihan dan penyusunan dokumen-dokumen formal.Arena diskursus berisikan orang miskin, keluarga mereka, pemanfaat, pengusaha mikro, dan orang desa.Dengan konstruksi demikian, program pengurangan kemiskinan seharusnya menentukan secara khusus pemanfaatnya adalah orang miskin dan keluarganya. Kata kunci: diskursus, dikotomi, habitus kemiskinan, arena pengurangan kemiskinan

Manfaat Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Program Pengelolaan Sampah

The existence of the company in a public area should be able to bring benefits to society itself, as in the social, economic, and environmental. To realize these expectations then CSR programs are implemented by taking into account the participation of the community and other stakeholders, because participation is one of the the most important of community development principles. There are internal factors that considered relates to the level of participation. Variables of internal factor (individual characteristics) are age level, education level, length of stay, and income level. The results of the research showed that there is no relationship between the individual characteristics to the level of community participation. The level of community participation considered relates to the level of program's benefits that can be felt. Variables of program utilization such as the level knowledge level, skill level, environmental cleanliness level, and economic opportunities level. The results of the research showed that there is a relationship between the level of participation and the level of program's benefits that community receive

Evaluation of Efectivity, Relevancy, And Sustainability on Project Second Water Sanitation For Low Income Communities (WSLIC-2)

The aim of this research are to evaluate how far the Second Water Sanitation for Low Income Communities (WSLIC-2) project appropriate with empowerment concept and to evaluate effectiveness, relevance, and sustainability impact of WSLIC-2 project which implemented in Pangradin village. Empowerment concept that used to analyze WSLIC-2 project design and its implementation in field are 10 principles Community Driven Development (CDD). As a project which based on community, WSLIC-2 project design has appropriated with 10 principles of CDD. The principles of CDD which related to concept of plan and construction phase  has implemented well in the field. But, the principle who related with concept of maintenances phase not yet implemented well in field. In general, WSLIC-2 project that conducted in Pangradin village assessed quite relevance, but not fully effective and the sustainability is still questionable. Optimization activity of CLTS   and strengthening structure of UPS are implementable in order to create a sustainable WSLIC-2 project

National Policy on Food and Nutrition in the Family Food Fulfillment Practices in Aceh: Foucauldian Analysis on the Discourses of the Power of Human Body

This article aims to analyze national policies on food and nutrition in the family food fulfillment practices in Aceh. Various programs to address food and nutrition problems have been made but nutrition problems have not been successfully resolved. The results of the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riset Kesehatan Dasar, Riskesdas) showed that the prevalence of stunting for baby under two years old in Aceh is the highest in Indonesia. This article was based on Foucauldian theory and a qualitative approach, through interviews with 40 families having children under five years old to recall the type of food consumed by all family members for 3 x 24 hours The results show that there is a gap between the practice of fulfilling family food in Aceh and national policies on food and nutrition. The practice of fulfilling family food is focused on carbohydrates and animal protein, while the government promotes the fulfillment of a balanced diet between carbohydrates and proteins (animal and vegetable) with vegetables and fruits. The gap occurs because of differences in the discourses of the power of the body and benefits of food. The community understands that food aims to make the body able to function properly (body productivity discourse). Meanwhile, the government aims for the human body to grow and develop ideally to avoid degenerative diseases (healthy body discourse). Family food fulfillment practices depend on the power of women’s knowledge, especially mothers’ who have the main role in fulfilling family food

Gender Analysis in Women’s Group Saving and Loans Program (SPP)

Program simpan pinjam untuk kelompok perempuan (SPP) merupakan program pengembangan ekonomi yang diimplementasikan bagi perempuan. Analisis gender yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Teknik Analisis Harvard untuk menganalisis profil aktivitas atau curahan waktu kerja responden berdasarkan kegiatan produktif, sosial, dan reproduktif, dan menganalisis profil akses dan kontrol terhadap sumberdaya dan manfaat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kuantitatif dan didukung dengan data kualitatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis curahan waktu kerja laki-laki dan perempuan serta pola pengambilan keputusan terhadap pemanfaatan dana pinjaman dan pengelolaan usaha pada rumah tangga, mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik responden terhadap curahan waktu kerja dan pola pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga terhadap pemanfaatan dana pinjaman dan pengelolaan usaha, menganalisis kondisi sosial-ekonomi rumah tangga peserta SPP sebelum dan sesudah mengikuti program, dan mengetahui pengaruh curahan waktu kerja serta pola pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga terhadap pemanfaatan dana pinjaman dan pengelolaan usaha peserta SPP terhadap kondisi sosial-ekonomi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe pengambilan keputusan dalam peminjaman dan pengelolaan usaha didominasi oleh perempuan. Kata kunci : Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi, Simpan Pinjam untuk Kelompok Perempuan, Teknik Analisis Harvar