Nail as a foreign body in a neonate, an unusual presentation at an unusual age

Children are prone to ingest substances due to their exploratory nature and tendency to put everything in the mouth. Commonly ingested foreign bodies are coins, batteries and buttons. Foreign body ingestion in neonates is a very rare presentation and always needs important consideration as it can be a part of child abuse and can lead to serious life threatening consequence

Exploring Emotional and Psychological Impacts of Mammography in Women

Introduction: Mammography is a diagnostic tool that is routinely used to test women for breast cancer. While it has been shown to be beneficial in detecting early-stage malignancies, it can also have emotional and psychological consequences for patients. The goal of this study is to dive into the emotional and psychological experiences of mammography patients. We hope to obtain a better understanding of the potential complications and problems faced by women during the screening process by investigating these elements. Materials and Methods: The Psychological Consequences Questionnaire (PCQ) and a self-administered questionnaire were used to collect data. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. All participants were given information about mammography technology and safety, and their participation was based on informed consent. Results: The study included 60 women ranging in age from 40 to 67 years old, with a mean age of 50.22. The PCQ results revealed a high prevalence of symptoms such as difficulty sleeping, changes in appetite, depression or unhappy feelings, fear and panic, nervousness or tension, feeling under pressure, withholding items, venting frustrations on others, withdrawal from relationships, difficulty with daily tasks, and difficulties fulfilling obligations. These findings shed light on the psychological repercussions that people face and point to the necessity for support networks or therapy to address these concerns. Conclusion:  This research focuses on the emotional and psychological effects of mammography on women. The data suggest that anxiety is a common feeling for women undergoing mammography, which could be exacerbated by previous negative experiences or fear of breast cancer. In order to provide holistic and comprehensive care, healthcare providers must recognize and meet patients\u27 emotional and psychological needs

Seismic volume attributes from time-frequency analysis

A seismic event can be characterized by three sets of attributes: (1) Wavelet attributes identify the event signal in a short time window. (2) Geometric attributes provide the event's spatial dip, azimuth, and curvatures. (3) Similarity or dissimilarity attributes measure the event's semblance or (1-semblance) with neighboring events along the geometry. Similarity and dissimilarity also are used to track horizons, faults, and channels. The resolution and fidelity of all attributes depend on spectra of both the seismic signal and noise that vary in time and space. Popular time-domain methods for attribute estimation are limited by their inability to filter frequency-dependent noise and adapt to changes in signal spectrum. The result is low resolution in narrow-band zones and poor fidelity in areas of low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). Furthermore, time-domain tracking methods fail when signal shape or geometry changes rapidly in time and space. An alternative is to add the frequency dimension to time. It offers the flexibility to limit attribute estimation in the time-space-varying high-S/N frequency bands. The method is based on a recent patent for continuous amplitude and phase spectra (CAPS) transform, which provides high-fidelity and high-resolution estimates of the amplitude and phase spectra of a windowed signal. Furthermore, it adds an orthogonal set of uniformly sampled frequency dimensions at each time point. The orthogonal property and high-frequency resolution of Fourier coefficients allow time-frequency domain processing of all attributes. Geometry resolution can be improved by using phase difference to compute time delay, suppress noise by filtering in the frequency domain, and handle time-space variability by adapting the signal shape and geometry statistics to spectral change. Time-frequency processing improves resolution and continuity of geometric features through suppression of band-limited noise and dip-selective interfering events. Frequency-domain filtering of similarity or dissimilarity enables robust tracking of horizons and faults and mapping of channels. The sensitivity of geometry attributes that can detect geologic features in real data can be investigated. Attributes obtained using existing time-domain techniques can be compared with those derived from CAPS. The proposed attributes achieve higher resolution and better signal-to-noise ratio and continuity. Finally, applications of CAPS to robustly track horizons and faults and to map channels in three dimensions with minimum seeding and editing improve the interpreter's productivity.status: publishe

Awareness of the Diabetic Population Towards Diabetic Complications: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Diabetes (DM) is a complex disease that affects more than 170 million people worldwide. Despite its knowledge, compliance with medications, and following a diet plan, diabetic patients are at risk of many chronic complications affecting different organ systems, which deteriorates health of the population and increases health care costs. Awareness of diabetic complications at the community level is important to reduce diabetes-related morbidity, mortality and ultimately health care cost. Purpose: The purpose of this study is two-fold: 1) To assess the level of awareness of diabetic complications in diabetic patients, and 2) To identify the prevalence of the most common diabetic complications in diabetic patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to February 2023. The instrument used was a questionnaire was filled by male and female diabetic patients greater than 18 years old. The data was taken from 320 patients, from private and puclic healthcare settings of Lahore, Pakistan and analyzed by SPSS 21.0. Results: More than 70% of patients were aware of all the diabetic complications except the complications of stroke and frequent infections. This study also found that among the different diabetic complications, peripheral neuropathy is perceived by patients to be the most common complication with a frequency of about 82.2%, and amputation is least common with a frequency about 3.8%. Conclusion: There is a relatively good level of awareness of diabetes and its complications among patients with diabetes in Lahore, Pakistan

Abundant Soliton Solutions to the Generalized Reaction Duffing Model and Their Applications

The main aim of this study is to obtain soliton solutions of the generalized reaction Duffing model, which is a generalization for a collection of prominent models describing various key phenomena in science and engineering. The equation models the motion of a damped oscillator with a more complex potential than in basic harmonic motion. Two effective techniques, the mapping method and Bernoulli sub-ODE technique, are used for the first time to obtain the soliton solutions of the proposed model. Initially, the traveling wave transform, which comes from Lie symmetry infinitesimals, is applied, and a nonlinear ordinary differential equation form is derived. These approaches effectively retrieve a hyperbolic, Jacobi function as well as trigonometric solutions while the appropriate conditions are applied to the parameters. Numerous innovative solutions, including the kink wave, anti-kink wave, bell shape, anti-bell shape, W-shape, bright, dark and singular shape soliton solutions, were produced via the mapping and Bernoulli sub-ODE approaches. The research includes comprehensive 2D and 3D graphical representations of the solutions, facilitating a better understanding of their physical attributes and proving the effectiveness of the proposed methods in solving complex nonlinear equations. It is important to note that the proposed methods are competent, credible and interesting analytical tools for solving nonlinear partial differential equations

Relational Meir-Keeler Contractions and Common Fixed Point Theorems

In this article, we prove some coincidence and common fixed point theorems under the relation-theoretic Meir-Keeler contractions in a metric space endowed with a locally finitely T-transitive binary relation. Our newly proved results generalize, extend, and sharpen some existing coincidence point as well as fixed point theorems existing in the literature. Moreover, we give some examples to affirm the efficacy of our results

Listening to Caregivers: Narratives of Health Seeking for Children Under Five with Pneumonia and Diarrhea: Insights from the NIGRAAN Trial in Pakistan

Background: Understanding health-seeking behaviors of caregivers is important to reduce child mortality. Several factors influence decision-making related to childhood illnesses.Objective: The objective of this study was to gather caretaker narratives to develop a comprehensive understanding of the context and process of caregiving at household level during all stages of an episode of diarrhea and pneumonia in children \u3c 5.Methods: Using a narrative interview approach, stories from caregivers of children \u3c 5 were collected from a rural district in Sindh Pakistan. Eleven households with children \u3c 5 were randomly selected and purposive sampling was done to interview 20 caregivers. All data collection was conducted privately in participants’ homes and informed consent taken. Manual content analysis was carried out by three independent researchers and emerging themes drawn.Results: The role of joint family system is integral in making decisions and the child’s paternal grandmother, is an important and trusted source of information regarding child sickness in the household. They often promote home remedies with considerable authority prior to formal consultation with the health care system. Caregivers were generally dissatisfied with doctors in the public sector who were perceived to be providing free consultation with a poor quality of care and long waiting time as compared to private doctors. Financial considerations and child support were favorably addressed in households with a joint family system.Conclusion: The joint family system provides a strong support system, but also tends to reduce parental autonomy in decision-making and delay first contact with formal health providers. Prevalent home remedies, and authority of elders in the family influence management practices. Interventions for reducing improving child mortality should be cognizant of the context of decision-making and social influences at the household level

Ectopic Pregnancy: An Analysis of Prevalence and Clinical Magnitude

Objective: To determine the prevalence and clinical manifestations and symptoms associated with ectopic pregnancy Methodology: This retrospective observational study was done at Pessi Hospital, I-12, Islamabad with collaboration of different Hospitals for the data collection. From October 2021 to September 2022. Patients of reproductive age presenting with symptoms suggestive of ectopic pregnancy and confirmed through diagnostic tests such as ultrasound, serum beta-hCG levels, or surgical findings were included. After taking demographic information including age, parity, gravidity, and reproductive history is collected for each patient, clinical data related to ectopic pregnancy diagnosis were recorded. Descriptive statistics are employed to summarize demographic characteristics, prevalence rates, and clinical pattern of ectopic pregnancy cases. Results: Overall prevalence of ectopic pregnancy was found 1.4%. Overall mean age of the women was 33.39+5.48 years. Family history was positive among 36.1% of the cases. In terms to the clinical presentation of patients with ectopic pregnancy, pain and bleeding were most common clinical features, 91.80% and 79.40% respectively, followed by shock 4.5% and 18.0% had others multiple clinical features and 5.8% were asymptomatic. Conclusion: In conclusion, ectopic pregnancy was observed at a rate of 1.4%, indicating its continued significance as a health concern. Pain and bleeding were observed to the most common clinical features