Potential of porous media combustion technology for household applications.

Households are major energy consumers and have a significant contribute to the World’s final energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Among the energy end-use in buildings lies cooking. The energy saving potential of cooking appliances is large and an investment on the development of more efficient and less polluting stoves and ovens is necessary. Porous medium combustion, already commercially available for several other applications, is a promising technology that can be applied also to household cooking. This paper reviews the research works done in the field. The number of papers dedicated to this specific application is relatively low, and most of them concentrate on experimentally proving the advantages of porous burners when compared to conventional solutions. The influence of burner characteristics and operating conditions are analysed in a few studies. However, there is still a considerable scope for the development of enhanced porous burners for household applications

Development Of Municipal Solid Waste Generation And Recyclable Components Rate Of Kuala Lumpur: Perspective Study.

This paper presents a forecasting study of municipal solid waste generation (MSWG) rate and potential of its recyclable components in Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia. The generation rates and composition of solid wastes of various classes such as street cleansing, landscape & garden, industrial & constructional, institutional, residential and commercial are analyzed

Effect of wing deformation on the aerodynamic performance of flapping wings: fluid-structure interaction approach

Wing stiffness is very crucial in augmenting aerodynamic forces in flapping wing flyers. In this work, the effect of wing deformation was studied using three-dimensional numerical analysis (two-way fluid structure interaction), coupling the flow solver (FLUENT) and the structural (ABAQUS) solver via the MpCCI platform. Three different degrees of bending stiffness corresponding to rigid, flexible, and highly flexible case wings were investigated. Moreover, the wings were tested for both low Reynolds number (R=9,000) and high Reynolds number (R=40,000), at a flapping frequency of 9 Hz corresponding to an angle of attack (AoA) ranging from α=0 to 50°. The results of mean aerodynamic lift and drag coefficients showed good agreement between numerical and experimental findings. Also, the time-averaged lift-to-drag ratio reveals that the highly flexible wing exhibited the best overall aerodynamic performance when compared to the rigid and flexible wing

Numerical Study on Hydrodynamic Performance of Shallow Underwater Glider Platform

124-133Underwater glider is the new generation of autonomous underwater glider which has been used for ocean observation and wide range of marine environment monitoring. It glides through seawater horizontally and vertically by carried additional wings. This paper presents the investigation of hydrodynamic characteristics of the shallow underwater glider by using Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, FLUENT 6.3.26. A 3-dimensional Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is used to estimate hydrodynamic performance of the glider. The effect of angle of attack (varied from -8º to +8º) at various Reynolds numbers and the flow behavior of underwater glider at different flow conditions are studied. The characteristics such as lift and drag forces, lift and drag coefficients and pressure distribution over fixed wings are evaluated in a flow field with Reynolds number ranging from 105 to 106. Lift and drag coefficients are observed to rise as function of angle of attack. Wake formation occurs at the tail and the junction of main wing and fuselage body, and the nose is exerted to highest pressure force compared with the other parts

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECT OF SOLDER JOINT GEOMETRY FOR THE RELIABILITY OF BALL GRID ARRAY ASSEMBLY WITH FLEXIBLE AND RIGID PCBS

In the present study, three-dimensional (3D) finite element simulation on 132 PIN fleXBGATM package was performed to predict the effect of solder joint geometry on the reliability of Ball Grid Array (BGA) solder joints on flexible and rigid PCBs subjected to thermo-cyclic loading. The commercial FEA tool ABAQUS Version 6.9 was used for the simulations of various shapes of solder joints such as barrel, column and hourglass. Apart from a global modeling, the submodeling analysis technique (local modeling) was also used on the critically affected solder joints, in order to enhance the computation efficiency. The accumulated creep strain and strain energy density were observed for each case, and optimum geometries were obtained. The model was validated with the published experimental data with the minimum percentage error of 3%. It was observed that the hourglass solder joint geometry was very crucial on the reliability of BGA solder joints, and for a given PCB, the optimal choice of hourglass solder joint geometry depended on its rigidity

Applications of porous media combustion technology - A review

The rapid advances in technology and improved living standard of the society necessitate abundant use of fossil fuels which poses two major challenges to any nation. One is fast depletion of fossil fuel resources; the other is environmental pollution. The porous medium combustion (PMC) has proved to be one of the feasible options to tackle the aforesaid problems to a remarkable extent. PMC has interesting advantages compared with free flame combustion due to the higher burning rates, the increased power dynamic range, the extension of the lean flammability limits, and the low emissions of pollutants. This article provides a comprehensive picture of the global scenario of applications of PMC so as to enable the researchers to decide the direction of further investigation. The works published so far in this area are reviewed, classified according to their objectives and presented in an organized manner with general conclusions.Porous media combustion Excess enthalpy Radiant burner AMTEC Gas turbines TPV cogeneration