Mixing Renormalization for Scalar Fields

We consider the renormalization of theories with many scalar fields. We discuss at the one-loop level some simple, non-gauge models with an arbitrary number of scalars and fermions both in mass-shell and MS schemes. In MS scheme we give a detailed qualitative analysis of the RG flow of dimensionless couplings in flavor space.Comment: 32 pages, LaTeX2e, AmsLaTeX, minor typos correcte

Absorptive part of meson--baryon scattering amplitude and baryon polarization in chiral perturbation theory

We compute the spin asymmetry and polarization of the final-state baryon in its rest frame in two-body meson--baryon low-energy scattering with unpolarized initial state, to lowest non-trivial order in BChPT. The required absorptive amplitudes are obtained analytically at one-loop level. We discuss the polarization results numerically for several meson--baryon processes. Even at low energies above threshold, where BChPT can reasonably be expected to be applicable, sizable values of polarization are found for some processes

Addition theorems for spin spherical harmonics. II Results

Based on the results of part I, we obtain the general form of the addition theorem for spin spherical harmonics and give explicit results in the cases involving one spin-$s'$ and one spin-$s$ spherical harmonics with $s',s=1/2$, 1, 3/2, and $|s'-s|=0$, 1. We obtain also a fully general addition theorem for one scalar and one tensor spherical harmonic of arbitrary rank. A variety of bilocal sums of ordinary and spin spherical harmonics are given in explicit form, including a general explicit expression for bilocal spherical harmonics

Addition theorems for spin spherical harmonics. I Preliminaries

We develop a systematic approach to deriving addition theorems for, and some other bilocal sums of, spin spherical harmonics. In this first part we establish some necessary technical results. We discuss the factorization of orbital and spin degrees of freedom in certain products of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, and obtain general explicit results for the matrix elements in configuration space of tensor products of arbitrary rank of the position and angular-momentum operators. These results are the basis of the addition theorems for spin spherical harmonics obtained in part II

One-loop vertex integrals in heavy-particle effective theories

We give a complete analytical computation of three-point one-loop integrals with one heavy propagator, up to the third tensor rank, for arbitrary values of external momenta and masses.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, to appear in J. Phys.

Intermittency in Branching Processes

We study the intermittency properties of two branching processes, one with a uniform and another with a singular splitting kernel. The asymptotic intermittency indices, as well as the leading corrections to the asymptotic linear regime are explicitly computed in an analytic framework. Both models are found to possess a monofractal spectrum with $\varphi_{q}=q-1$. Relations with previous results are discussed.Comment: 20 pages, UCLA93/TEP/2

An integral approach to sludge handling in a WWTP operated for EBPR aiming phosphorus recovery: simulation of alternatives, LCA and LCC analyses

©IWA Publishing 2020. The definitive peer-reviewed and edited version of this article is published in Water Research, Volume 175, 15 May 2020, 115647, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115647 and is available at www.iwapublishing.com.[EN] As phosphorus is a non-renewable resource mainly used to produce fertilizers and helps to provide food all over the world, the proper management of its reserves is a global concern since it is expected to become scarcer in the near future. In this work we assessed two different sludge line configurations aiming for P extraction and recovery before anaerobic digestion and compared them with the classical configuration. This study has been performed by simulation with the model BNRM2 integrated in the software package DESASS 7.1. Configuration 1 was based on the production of a PO4-enriched stream from sludge via elutriation in the primary thickeners, while Configuration 2 was based on the WASSTRIP (R) process and its PO4-enriched stream was mechanically obtained with dynamic thickeners. In both alternatives recovery was enhanced by promoting poly-phosphate (poly-P) extraction under anaerobic conditions, for which both configurations were fully evaluated in a full-scale WWTP. Both were also optimized to maximize phosphorus extraction. Their costs and life cycles were also analysed. The novelty of this research lies in the lack of literature about the integral evaluation of pre-anaerobic digestion P recovery from wastewaters. This study included a holistic approach and an optimization study of both alternatives plus their economic and environmental aspects. In Configuration 1, the PO4-P load in the recovery stream reached 43.1% of the total influent P load and reduced uncontrolled P-precipitation in the sludge line up to 52.9%. In Configuration 2, extraction was 48.2% of the influent P load and it reduced precipitation by up to 60.0%. Despite Configuration 1's lower phosphorus recovery efficiency, it had a 23.0% lower life cycle cost and a 14.2% lower global warming impact per hm(3) of treated influent than Configuration 2. Configuration 1 also reduced the TAEC by 17.6% and global warming impact by 2.0% less than Configuration 0.The LIFE Programme, the European Union's funding instrument for the environment and climate action, supported and co-funded this study as part of the LIFE ENRICH project (LIFE16 ENV/ES/000375).Roldán, M.; Bouzas, A.; Seco, A.; Mena, E.; Mayor, Á.; Barat, R. (2020). An integral approach to sludge handling in a WWTP operated for EBPR aiming phosphorus recovery: simulation of alternatives, LCA and LCC analyses. Water Research. 175:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115647S111175Bouzas, A., Martí, N., Grau, S., Barat, R., Mangin, D., & Pastor, L. (2019). Implementation of a global P-recovery system in urban wastewater treatment plants. Journal of Cleaner Production, 227, 130-140. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.126Bradford-Hartke, Z., Lane, J., Lant, P., & Leslie, G. (2015). Environmental Benefits and Burdens of Phosphorus Recovery from Municipal Wastewater. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(14), 8611-8622. doi:10.1021/es505102vCieślik, B., & Konieczka, P. (2017). A review of phosphorus recovery methods at various steps of wastewater treatment and sewage sludge management. The concept of «no solid waste generation» and analytical methods. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 1728-1740. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.116Cornel, P., & Schaum, C. (2009). Phosphorus recovery from wastewater: needs, technologies and costs. Water Science and Technology, 59(6), 1069-1076. doi:10.2166/wst.2009.045Cullen, N., Baur, R., & Schauer, P. (2013). Three years of operation of North America’s first nutrient recovery facility. Water Science and Technology, 68(4), 763-768. doi:10.2166/wst.2013.260Egle, L., Rechberger, H., Krampe, J., & Zessner, M. (2016). Phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater: An integrated comparative technological, environmental and economic assessment of P recovery technologies. Science of The Total Environment, 571, 522-542. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.019Ferrer, J., Pretel, R., Durán, F., Giménez, J. B., Robles, A., Ruano, M. V., … Seco, A. (2015). Design methodology for submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR): A case study. Separation and Purification Technology, 141, 378-386. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2014.12.018Ferrer, J., Seco, A., Serralta, J., Ribes, J., Manga, J., Asensi, E., … Llavador, F. (2008). DESASS: A software tool for designing, simulating and optimising WWTPs. Environmental Modelling & Software, 23(1), 19-26. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2007.04.005Guedes, P., Couto, N., Ottosen, L. M., & Ribeiro, A. B. (2014). Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge ash through an electrodialytic process. Waste Management, 34(5), 886-892. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.021Guérin-Schneider, L., Tsanga-Tabi, M., Roux, P., Catel, L., & Biard, Y. (2018). How to better include environmental assessment in public decision-making: Lessons from the use of an LCA-calculator for wastewater systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 187, 1057-1068. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.168Harrison, E. Z., Oakes, S. R., Hysell, M., & Hay, A. (2006). Organic chemicals in sewage sludges. Science of The Total Environment, 367(2-3), 481-497. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.002Le Corre, K. S., Valsami-Jones, E., Hobbs, P., & Parsons, S. A. (2009). Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewater by Struvite Crystallization: A Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 39(6), 433-477. doi:10.1080/10643380701640573Lizarralde, I., Fernández-Arévalo, T., Manas, A., Ayesa, E., & Grau, P. (2019). Model-based opti mization of phosphorus management strategies in Sur WWTP, Madrid. Water Research, 153, 39-52. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.056Marti, N., Bouzas, A., Seco, A., & Ferrer, J. (2008). Struvite precipitation assessment in anaerobic digestion processes. Chemical Engineering Journal, 141(1-3), 67-74. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.10.023Nättorp, A., Remmen, K., & Remy, C. (2017). Cost assessment of different routes for phosphorus recovery from wastewater using data from pilot and production plants. Water Science and Technology, 76(2), 413-424. doi:10.2166/wst.2017.212Neethling, J. B., & Benisch, M. (2004). Struvite control through process and facility design as well as operation strategy. Water Science and Technology, 49(2), 191-199. doi:10.2166/wst.2004.0122Pastor, L., Marti, N., Bouzas, A., & Seco, A. (2008). Sewage sludge management for phosphorus recovery as struvite in EBPR wastewater treatment plants. Bioresource Technology, 99(11), 4817-4824. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.054Peng, L., Dai, H., Wu, Y., Peng, Y., & Lu, X. (2018). A comprehensive review of phosphorus recovery from wastewater by crystallization processes. Chemosphere, 197, 768-781. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.098Robles, Á., Aguado, D., Barat, R., Borrás, L., Bouzas, A., Giménez, J. B., … Seco, A. (2020). New frontiers from removal to recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater in the Circular Economy. Bioresource Technology, 300, 122673. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122673Rodriguez-Garcia, G., Frison, N., Vázquez-Padín, J. R., Hospido, A., Garrido, J. M., Fatone, F., … Feijoo, G. (2014). Life cycle assessment of nutrient removal technologies for the treatment of anaerobic digestion supernatant and its integration in a wastewater treatment plant. 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Applied Energy, 252, 113445. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.11344

Boosting nutrient recovery from AnMBR effluent by means of electrodialysis technology: Operating parameters assessing

[EN] This work describes a comprehensive assessment of operating parameters of a bench-scale electrodialysis (ED) plant for nutrient concentration from an Anaerobic Membrane BioReactor (AnMBR) effluent. The ED bench-scale plant serves a dual purpose. Firstly, to generate a concentrated stream with a high nutrient content, and secondly, to produce high-quality reclaimed water in the diluted stream, both sourced from real wastewater coming from the effluent of an AnMBR. Two sets of experiments were conducted: 1) short-term experiments to study the effect of some parameters such as the applied current and the type of anionic exchange membrane (AEM), among others, and 2) a long-term experiment to verify the feasibility of the process using the selected parameters. The results showed that ED produced concentrated ammonium and phosphate streams using a 10-cell pair stack with 64 cm(2) of unitary effective membrane area, working in galvanostatic mode at 0.24 A, and operating with an Acid-100-OT anionic exchange membrane. Concentrations up to 740 mg/L and 50 mg/L for NH4-N and PO4-P, respectively, were achieved in the concentrated stream along with removal efficiencies of 70% for ammonium and 60% for phosphate in the diluted stream. The average energy consumption was around 0.47 kWh.m(-3).This research work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation by "RECREATE" (PID2020-114315RB-C21/22) and "MEM4REC" (CTM2017-86751-C2-1/2-R) projects, jointly with the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) , which are gratefully acknowledged.Ruiz-Barriga, P.; Serralta Sevilla, J.; Bouzas, A.; Carrillo-Abad, J. (2024). Boosting nutrient recovery from AnMBR effluent by means of electrodialysis technology: Operating parameters assessing. Journal of Environmental Management. 366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.12171236