자동차 시트 위치-운전 선호도 관계의 특성 파악 및 자가 선택 시트 위치의 효용성 평가

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 공과대학 산업공학과, 2019. 2. 박우진.자동차는 오랫동안 인간공학의 주요 연구 대상 중 하나로 자리매김해왔다. 자동차 인간공학의 여러 분야에서 운전자가 가장 선호하는 시트의 위치를 정의 및 측정하였고, 이를 활용하여 운전자의 운전 자세 예측 및 분석, 인체 치수와 선호 부품 배치의 관계 도출, 최적 부품 조절 범위 결정, 그리고 인구 집단의 수용도 계산 등의 다양한 분석이 시도되어왔다. 하지만 기존 연구들에서는 다음과 같은 두 가지 한계점이 존재한다. 첫째, 운전자의 최고 선호 시트 위치(Most preferred seat position, MPSP) 외 다른 시트 위치와 운전 선호도의 관계의 특성을 밝힌 기존 연구가 매우 드물다. 둘째, 기존에 MPSP를 측정하는데 가장 보편적으로 사용되어온 자가 선택 방식 는 운전자가 선택한 지점이 실제로 가장 선호되는 지점인지, 운전자가 선택한 지점과 비슷한 선호도를 갖는 다른 지점은 존재하지 않는지의 효용성을 검증하지 않은 채 사용되어왔다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실험을 통해 자동차 시트 조절 범위 전역에 대한 시트 위치-운전 선호도 관계의 특징을 밝히고, 보간법을 사용한 선호도 지도를 생성하여 자가 선택 MPSP 방식의 효용성을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서는 총 20명의 피실험자를 대상으로 9번의 자가 선택 MPSP 측정과 34개의 시트 위치의 선호도 점수 수집이 이루어졌다. 수집된 데이터를 통해 자동차 시트 위치-운전 선호도 관계에서 4가지 특징(단봉성, 개별성, 비대칭성, 첨성)을 도출하였으며, 키집단(Short, Medium, Tall)별 특성을 비교하였다. 또한 피실험자들이 자가 선택한 시트의 위치는 평균 백분위수 94.6 으로 높은 선호도를 보이는 것으로 나타났으나, 9번의 측정 중 0.9번 정도는 선호도가 낮은(백분위수 88 미만) 영역을 선택하며, 같은 선호도를 갖는 모든 선호 영역의 면적 대비 41%에 해당되는 영역만을 선택함을 발견하여 자가 선택 방식이 한계점을 갖는다는 사실을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 자동차 시트 조절 범위 전역에서의 시트 위치와 운전 선호도 관계의 특성을 밝힌 첫 번째 연구이며, 기존에 보편적으로 사용되어왔던 자가 선택 MPSP 방식의 효용성을 검증했다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 이 연구 결과는 자동차 시트 조절 범위에 대한 인구집단의 수용도를 정확히 계산하는 것 뿐만 아니라 자동차 실내 패키징의 설계 자유도를 높일 수 있는 새로운 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.Vehicle ergonomics has been extensively researched in the field of ergonomics. Previous research has defined and measured drivers most preferred seat positions, and utilized this data to conduct various observations and analysis about driving posture prediction, the relationship between anthropometric measures and preferred component arrangement, the optimal adjustment range of components, and population accommodation. However, there exist two limitations of previous research. First, not much research has been conducted about the relationship between driver preference ratings and seat positions other than the most preferred seat position (MPSP) of the driver. Second, the previously used self-selection method of defining and determining MPSP has been used in various research studies without proper validation. Thus, it is difficult to determine if this self-selection method is useful in identifying the drivers most preferred seat position, and whether or not other seat positions with similar preference ratings exist. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to: 1) characterize the driver seat position-preference relationship across the entire seat adjustment range and 2) verify the utility of the self-selected MPSP method. To do so, individual drivers preference maps were empirically developed using an interpolation method. The study collected the data of 20 participants and 9 trials of their self-selected MPSP, in addition to the preference ratings of 34 seat positions. Four characteristics (unimodality, individuality, asymmetry, pointedness) were observed in the relationship between seat position and driver preference. Also, stature found to influence the relationship. In addition, participants self-selected preferred seat positions generally had high preference scores with an average equal to the 94.6th percentile of all preference rating values obtained. However, on average, 10 percent of the MPSP had relatively low preference scores below the 88th percentile. Furthermore, the limitations of the self-selection method were evident as the participants on average only identified 41% of the entire region of seat positions with high preference ratings equal to or higher than the average of the preference scores of his/her MPSP. This study discovers the relationship between driving preference and seat positions across the entire seat adjustment range, and evaluated the utility of the self-selection method. The results of this study are expected to be utilized in more accurately evaluating the level of the driver population accommodation in relation to the seat adjustment range and aiding in designing vehicle interiors.1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. METHOD 5 2.1 Data collection 5 2.1.1 Participants 5 2.1.2 Apparatus 6 2.1.3 Experimental design 7 2.1.4 Procedure 9 2.2 Data analysis 11 2.2.1 Indices for characterizing seat position-driver preference relationship 11 2.2.2 Driver seat position-preference map 14 2.2.3 Evaluating utility of self-selected MPSP 15 3. RESULTS 16 3.1 Characteristics of the relationship between seat position and driving preference 16 3.2 Generation and validation of the preference map 21 3.3 Comparison of the preference map and self-selected MPSP 32 4. DISCUSSION 45 4.1 Characteristics of the relationship between seat position and driving preference 45 4.2 Evaluation of the utility of self-selected MPSP 48 4.3 Contributions and implications 49 4.4 Limitations 52 5. CONCLUSION 53 REFERENCES 55 APPENDIX A: Simulation road map 59 APPENDIX B: Survey format 60 ABSTRACT 61 ABSTRACT(KOREAN) 64Maste

The Effects of Rhythmic Exercise Program on Gait Function and Balance Ability of Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 사범대학 체육교육과, 2018. 2. 이용호.본 연구의 목적은 리듬청각자극 원리에 기반한 6주 24회기 리듬 운동 프로그램 참여가 Gross Motor Function Classification(GMFCS) level Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ에 해당하는 뇌성마비 청소년의 보행 기능과 균형 능력에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 것이다. 연구 참여자는 S시에 거주하며 초, 중, 고등학교에 재학하는 뇌성마비 청소년 중 자발적으로 참여를 원하고 본 연구에서 제시한 선정기준에 부합하는 사람 18명을 모집하였다. 운동군(N=10)은 S시에 위치한 복지관 강당에서 6주간 총 24회, 120분의 리듬 운동 프로그램에 참여하였다. 모든 연구 참여자는 사전과 사후에 동일한 환경 및 방법으로 보행 기능(10MWT, Footscan pressure plate)과 균형 능력(TUG, K-PBS, Footscan pressure plate)을 측정하였으며, 추가적으로 프로그램에 대한 학부모 만족도를 조사하기 위해 사후에 운동군 연구 참여자의 부모님을 대상으로 활동 만족도 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 모든 자료는 Window SPSS 23.0 version을 이용하여 독립 t 검정(independent t-test)를 통해 그룹간 동질성을 확인한 후, 제 2요인을 반복 측정한 이원분산분석(2-way ANOVA with repeated measure on the 2nd factor)과 대응 표본 t 검정(paired t-test)을 실시하여 중재 프로그램의 효과를 검증하였다. 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. 이상의 연구 절차를 거쳐 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 운동군은 시간적 보행변수인 보속과 분속수, 그리고 공간적 보행변수인 좌우 보장에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 향상을 보였다. 둘째, 운동군은 정적 균형능력 중 우세측 및 비우세측 체중부하율과, 눈을 떴을 때 전방 및 후방 체중부하율, 그리고 눈을 감았을 때 CoP 이동 거리 및 면적에서 유의한 향상을 보였다. 이 외 눈을 감았을 때 전방 및 후방 체중부하율과 눈을 떴을 때 CoP 이동 거리 및 면적에서는 유의한 차이를 나타내지 못하였으나 사후에 세 항목 모두 향상하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, 운동군은 동적 균형능력(TUG)에서 통계적으로 유의한 향상을 보였다. 넷째, 운동군의 기능적 균형능력(K-PBS)은 통계적으로 유의하게 향상하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 다섯째, 부모 활동 만족도 설문조사 결과 운동군 참여자의 부모님들은 본 연구에서 실시한 리듬 운동 프로그램에 전반적으로 높은 만족도를 보였다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 Gross Motor Function Classification(GMFCS) level Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ에 해당하는 뇌성마비 청소년의 보행기능 및 균형 능력 향상에 리듬 운동 프로그램이 효과적임을 규명하였다.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 6-week 24 session rhythmic exercise program on gait function and balance ability of adolescents with cerebral palsy whom are corresponded to Gross Motor Function Classification(GMFCS) level Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ. Participants were elementary, middle and high school students living in S city who wanted to participate in the study voluntarily and who met the inclusion criteria. 18 people were recruited, 10 were assigned to exercise group(EG) and 8 were assigned to control group(CG) respectively. EG participated in 6-week 24 session 120 minutes of rhythmic exercise program. Gait function(10MWT, Footscan pressure plate) and balance ability(TUG, K-PBS, Footscan pressure plate) of EG and CG were measured prior to and at the end of intervention. EG Parents program satisfaction were measured additionally by questionnaire at the end of the intervention. All collected data were analyzed by using Window Spss 23.0 version. Independent t-test was conducted primarily in order to examine the homogeneity of EG and CG. After confirming homogeneity between groups, 2-way ANOVA with repeated measure on the 2nd factor and paired t-test were conducted to identify the effects of intervention. The level of statistical significance was set at p<.05. The results are as follows. First, both temporal gait parameter(gait speed and cadence) and spatial gait parameter(step length) of EG improved significantly. Second, EG showed partial significant improvement on static balance ability. Dominant-nondominant weight bearing ratio, anterior-posterior weight bearing ratio with eyes opened and CoP trajectory(distance and area) with eyes closed were significantly improved, while anterior-posterior weight bearing ratio with eyes closed and CoP trajectory(distance and area) with eyes opened showed the tendency of improvement. Third, dynamic balance ability(TUG) of EG increased significantly. Fourth, improvement of functional balance ability(K-PBS) of EG was significant. Fifth, EG parents showed high state of satisfactions on program in general. To conclude, rhythmic exercise program was identified as positive on gait function and balance ability of adolescents with cerebral palsy corresponded to Gross Motor Function Classification(GMFCS) level Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ.제 1 장 서 론 1 제 1 절 연구의 배경 1 제 2 절 연구의 목적 6 제 3 절 연구의 가설 6 제 4 절 용어의 정의 8 제 5 절 연구의 제한점 9 제 2 장 이론적 배경 10 제 1 절 뇌성마비 10 제 2 절 리듬 19 제 2 절 리듬 운동 23 제 3 장 연구 방법 27 제 1 절 연구 참여자 27 제 2 절 연구 설계 29 제 3 절 측정 방법 및 도구 31 제 4 절 중재 프로그램 36 제 5 절 자료 처리 48 제 4 장 연구 결과 49 제 1 절 동질성 검정(독립 t검정)결과 49 제 2 절 보행 기능 결과 51 제 3 절 균형 능력 결과 55 제 4 절 부모 만족도 결과 64 제 5 장 논 의 65 제 1 절 보행 기능의 변화 66 제 2 절 균형 능력의 변화 70 제 6 장 결론 및 제언 74 제 1 절 결론 74 제 2 절 제언 75 참고문헌 76 Abstract 93 부 록 95Maste

탄키라아제 억제를 통한 골관절염 연골의 내재된 회복 능력 활성화

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 자연과학대학 생명과학부, 2018. 2. 김진홍.Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease, which involves progressive and irreversible destruction of articular cartilage. Despite efforts to regenerate cartilage in osteoarthritic joints, it has been a difficult task as adult cartilage exhibits marginal self-repair capacity. I conducted systems-level factor analysis on mouse reference populations and identified tankyrase as a regulator of the cartilage anabolism axis. Tankyrase inhibition increases the collective expression of cartilage-specific matrix genes in mouse chondrocytes. Moreover, tankyrase inhibition stimulates chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from mouse limb-bud and human bone marrow. In osteochondral defect model of rats, stem-cell transplantation coupled with tankyrase knockdown results in superior regeneration of cartilage lesions. Mechanistically, the pro-regenerative features of tankyrase inhibition are mainly triggered by regulating SOX9 transcriptional activity. I found that tankyrase binds to and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ates (PARylates) SOX9. Furthermore, in surgically induced OA mouse model, treatment of hydrogel-based tankyrase inhibitor ameliorates OA progression. These results suggest that tankyrase inhibition in treating OA cartilage may be a potential strategy for functional repair of articular cartilage.INTRODUCTION 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 4 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES 15 RESULTS AND FIGURES 21 DISCUSSION 41 REFERENCES 44 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN/국문초록 52Maste

Effect of chitosan/ACS on bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects

치의학과/석사[한글] 치주 치료의 최종 목적은 진행되는 치주 질환의 증상을 제거하는 것뿐만 아니라 이미 파괴된 지지조직을 기능적으로 재생시키는데 있다. 현재 파괴된 치주조직의 재생을 위해 다양한 종류의 골이식재를 이용한 골이식술과 차단막을 이용한 치주조직 유도재생술이 행해지고 있으나, 아직까지 각각의 한계점을 가지고 있다. 치주조직의 재생을 위해 사용되는 생약제제는 생체거부반응이나 생분해 시 나타날 수 있는 독성의 위험이 적고 그 효과가 지속적이며 임상에 응용될 경우 경제적으로 사용될 수 있다. 최근 키토산은 이러한 생체 적합성과 항균 작용, 창상 치유 촉진 등의 생물학적 작용, 우수한 기계적 특성으로 관심이 증가되고 있으며, 특정 전구 세포 (예; 조골세포)의 이주와 분화를 증진시키는 기질 역할을 할뿐만 아니라 섬유모세포와 같이 골 형성을 방해하는 세포의 기능을 억제함으로써 직, 간접적으로 골재생을 증진시킨다고 보고 되었다. 본 실험에서는 키토산에서 정제한 순수 키토산 용액을 사용하였다. 그러나 이러한 키토산의 형태는 액상이므로 결손부에서 유지되기가 어렵다. 따라서 결손부에서의 키토산의 송달, 유지, 점진적 유지를 위해서는 운반체의 이용이 필수적이다. 백서의 두개골 천공 모형에서는 비교적 공간 유지가 용이하여 본 실험에서는 키토산 용액을 흡수성 콜라겐 스폰지에 적셔서 결손부에 이식하였다. 실험 모델로는 수컷 백서 두개골 결손부를 선택하였고, 두개골의 임계크기 결손은 지름 8 mm의 원형 결손이다. 두개골에 아무 처치도 하지 않은 군을 음성 대조군으로 하고, 흡수성 콜라겐 스폰지 (Absorbable collagen sponge: ACS)만을 처치한 군을 양성대조군으로 설정하였으며, 순수키토산 용액을 ACS에 적셔 이식한 군을 실험군으로 설정하였다. 백서 두개골에 키토산/ACS를 적용하고, 술후 2주, 8주에 희생하여 치유 결과를 조직학적, 조직 계측학적으로 비교 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 실험군 (키토산/ACS)은 술후 2주부터 혈관증식이 진행되고 조골세포의 침윤으로 신생골 형성이 진행되는 양상을 보였고, 8주에서는 ACS는 거의 흡수되었으며 신생골 형성량이 증가하였고, 많은 골성조직층이 관찰되었다. 2. 술후 2주에 신생골 형성량은 실험군과 양성대조군 (ACS만 이식한군), 음성대조군(술후 무 처치군)이 각각 8.7±0.8, 13.6± 2.3, 4.8±0.7%로, 실험군과 양성대조군에서 음성대조군에 비해 높게 나타났으나 통계학적인 유의차는 없었다. (p<0.01). 3. 술후 8주에 신생골 형성량은 실험군과 양성대조군, 음성 대조군이 각각 62.2±6.1, 17.4±2.5, 8.2±1.4로 실험군이 양성대조군과 음성대조군에 비해 현저하게 높게 나타났으며 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. (p<0.01). 이상의 실험 결과에서, 키토산은 ACS를 운반체로 사용했을 때 백서의 두개골 천공 결손부에서 효과적인 골재생을 나타냈다. [영문] The ultimate objective of periodontal treatment is to get rid of an on-going periodontal disease and further regenerate the supporting tissue, which is already destroyed, functionally. Currently, the bone grafting operation using various kinds of bone grafting materials and the operation for induced regeneration of periodontal tissue using the blocking membrane are performed for regeneration of the destroyed periodontal tissue. However, there are respective limitations Galenical preparations, which are used for regeneration of periodontal tissue, has less risk of rejective reaction or toxicity that may be incidental to degradation and their effect is sustainable. Thus, in case they are applicable to a clinic, they can be used economically. Chitosan has such compatibility, biological actions including antibacterial activity, acceleration of wound treatment, etc., and excellent mechanical characteristics, which has recently aroused more interest in it. Also, it has been reported that it promotes osteogenesis directly or indirectly by functioning as a matrix to promote migration and differentiation of a specific precussor cell (for example, osteoblast) and further inhibiting the function of such a cell as fibroblast to prevent osteogenesis. In this study, the pure chitosan solution, which was obtained by purifying chitosan, was used. However, since this chitosan is of a liquiform, it is difficult to sustain it in a defective region. It is, therefore, essential to use a carrier for delivering chitosan to, and sustaining it gradually in the defective region. In the calvarial defect model of the Sprague-Dawley rat, it is relatively easy to maintain a space. Therefore, in this study, the chitosan solution with which ACS was wetted was grafted onto the defective region. For an experimental model, a calvarial defect of rat was selected, and a critical size of the defective region was a circular defect with a diameter of 8 mm. A group in which no treatment was conducted for the calvarial defect was set as a negative control group. Another group in which treatment was conducted with ACS only was set as a positive control group (ACS group). And another group in which treatment was conducted by grafting the pure chitosan solution onto the defective region through ACS which was wetted with the chitosan solution was set as an experimental group (Chitosan/ACS group). Chitosan was applied to the Sprague-Dawley rat''s calvarial bone by applying ACS which was wetted with the chitosan solution, and each Sprague-Dawley rat was sacrificed respectively 2 weeks and 8 weeks after the operation for such application. Then, the treatment results were compared and observed histologically and histometrically. Thereby, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. In the experimental group, a pattern was shown that from 2 weeks after the operation, vascular proliferation proceeded and osteogenesis proceeded through osteoblast infiltration, and at 8 week after the operation, ACS was almost absorbed, the amount of osteogenesis was increased and many osteoid tissue layers were observed. 2. At 2 weeks after the operation, each amount of osteogenesis appeared to be 8.70.8 %, 13.62.3 % and 4.80.7 % respectively in the experimental group, the positive control group and the negative control group. Accordingly, it appeared to be higher in the Experimental group and the positive control group than in the negative control group, but there was no significant difference statistically (p<0.01). 3. At 8 weeks after the operation, each amount of osteogenesis appeared to be 62.26.1 %, 17.42.5 % and 8.21.4 % respectively in the experimental group, the positive control group and the negative control group. Accordingly, it appeared to be substantially higher in the experimental group than in the positive control group and the negative control group, and there was a significant difference statistically (p<0.01). As a result of conducting the experiment, when ACS was used as a carrier for chitosan, chitosan showed effective osteogenesis in the perforated defective region of the Sprague-Dawley rat''s calvarial bone.ope

Psychometric Properties of the Korean Version of the Smoking Media Literacy Scale for Adolescents

Smoking media literacy has proven to be an effective competency for reducing adolescents' smoking. This study aimed to cross-culturally modify the smoking media literacy scale and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the revised Smoking Media Literacy Scale for Adolescents (K-SMLS). The translation of the K-SMLS was conducted according to the World Health Organization's guidelines. After the translation process, an online survey was conducted with convenience samples of 215 total adolescents from five high schools in the capital city of Korea. Construct validity was examined by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency reliability was examined with Cronbach's alpha. The final version of the K-SMLS consisted of 15 items. The goodness of fit, determined through a confirmatory factor analysis of the three domains, was acceptable [χ2 = 237.85 (p < 0.001), CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.09, SRMR = 0.09]. The reliability of the K-SMLS was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79). The findings provide evidence for a valid and reliable tool that can be used to assess smoking media literacy in Korean adolescents. Further studies with a probability sampling design are suggested as the use of convenience samples limits the generalizability of the results to other populations.ope

Significance of Brain CT Angiography in Determination of Brain Death in a Patient with Barbiturate Coma Therapy after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

In determination of brain death, brain CT angiography (CTA) can be used as a new ancillary test to assist EEG which is the current gold standard. We report a patient with barbiturate coma therapy whose CTA showed weak filling of the internal carotid artery and its branches when his EEG demonstrated regional beta activities in the corresponding area, which finally disappeared. Combined use of CTA and serial EEGs would be helpful as brain death testing in a patient with barbiturate coma therapy.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2007-01/102/2014017262/1SEQ:1PERF_CD:SNU2007-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:2014017262ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A079623DEPT_CD:801CITE_RATE:0DEPT_NM:의학과SCOPUS_YN:NCONFIRM:

Visceral fat thickness measured by ultrasonography can estimate not only visceral obesity but also risks of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

BACKGROUND: Visceral obesity is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. Estimating the amount of visceral fat is important and requires a straightforward, reliable, and practical method. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether visceral fat thickness (VFT) measured by ultrasonography can adequately assess visceral fat accumulation and predict cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. DESIGN: Diabetic patients (240 men and 106 women) underwent ultrasonography to estimate visceral fat accumulation. RESULTS: The visceral adipose tissue area had the best correlation with VFT (r = 0.799, P < 0.001). VFT correlated with HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, and the intima-media thickness at the common carotid artery (r = -0.30, 0.39, 0.34, 0.31, and 0.33, respectively; P < 0.05) in men and with triacylglycerol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.33, 0.44, and 0.30, respectively; P < 0.05) in women. Men in the middle and high VFT tertiles had a higher odds ratio (OR) of coronary artery disease [ORs: 4.48 (95% CI: 1.29, 5.51) and 2.04 (1.06, 3.94), respectively; P = 0.016], hypertriacylglycerolemia [ORs: 2.87 (1.41, 5.86) and 1.91 (1.24, 2.95), respectively; P = 0.003], and the metabolic syndrome [ORs: 3.38 (1.61, 7.10) and 1.95 (1.16, 3.27), respectively; P = 0.003] than did those in the low tertile, after adjustment for age, waist circumference, and body mass index. CONCLUSION: VFT might be a reliable index for assessing the amount of visceral fat and for identifying diabetic patients, particularly men, who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease.ope

The Association of Family History of Diabetes and Obesity in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by defects in both insulin secretion and insulin action. Type 2 diabetes has a strong genetic basis, and obesity is also known as a important risk factor for development of diabetes. The relative effects of obesity and family history of diabetes (FHx) to develop diabetes have not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to analyze the relative role of insulin resistance and insulin secretion in the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients according to the presence of FHx and obesity. Method: We evaluated the presence of FHx, fasting and postprandial glucose, C-peptide and insulin in 219 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients without the history of drug therapy from Jan. 2003 to Oct. 2004. Result: The mean age of patients was 54.7±10.2(yr) and the mean BMI was 25.5±3.0 kg/m2. The patients with FHx develop diabetes earlier than them without FHx. BMI, fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, fasting C-peptide and HOMAIR value were not different between groups. But postprandial C-peptide, fasting insulin, postprandial insulin and HOMA β-cell value were significantly lower in patient with FHx than in them without FHx. Interestingly, obese (BMI 25kg/m ≥ 2) patients with FHx developed diabetes earlier than nonobese (BMI<25kg/m2) patients with FHx. Conclusion: Obesity plays an important role in the determination of the earlier onset of diabetes in patients with FHx. Intentional prevention of obesity may be an important means to prevent, at least delay, the onset of diabetes in the subjects with FHx.ope

Electrowinning of palladium and platinum using a modified cyclone reactor

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :재료공학부,2004.Docto

다르고미츠키의 「석상의 손님」: 19세기 중엽 러시아 리얼리즘을 중심으로

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :음악과 이론전공,1995.Maste