Employment Protection Legislation and Investment:Evidence from Chinese listed Firms

随着我国的经济体制改革以及市场机制变革的扎实推进，我国的劳动关系已基本形成为市场化的劳动关系，在劳动关系的影响因素中，不仅仅是市场的调控作用尤为重要，且政府也通过适当的放权在其中起着至关重要的作用。出于完善劳动合同当事人的权益，确保劳动者的权益不受侵害，进而健全劳动保护制度的立法目的，我国相继颁布了《中华人民共和国劳动法》、《就业促进法》等一系列法律法规来完善符合我国国情的劳动关系。 我国于2008年1月1日开始实施《劳动合同法》，它主要涉及了劳动合同签订、履行与解除和经济补偿金的支付等等问题。《劳动合同法》的颁布与实施加大了对劳动者的保护力度，使得劳动者权益的保障有法可依。本文采用2001...With the reformation of China's economic structure and the progress of market mechanism, China's labor relationship has basically formed a market-oriented labor relationship. In the influence factors of labor relationship, not only the regulation of the market, but also the decentralization of the government plays a vital role in it. For the purpose of perfecting the rights and interests of labore...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：管理学院_会计硕士学号：1842014115064

基于多源数据融合的个人信用评分研究

随着信息技术的发展,数据来源越来越多,虽然可以更加精准、科学地刻画个人信用状况,但由于数据来源多、结构复杂等问题,给传统的征信技术带来了挑战。本文提出了基于多源数据融合的个人信用模型,可以同时对多个数据集进行建模和变量选择,同时考虑了数据集间的相似性和异质性。通过模拟实验发现,本文所提出的整合模型在变量选择和分类效果方面都具有明显的优势。此外,将整合模型应用于城市和农村两个数据集的个人信用评分中发现,整合模型在实际应用中也有很好的表现。国家自然科学基金面上项目“广义线性模型的组变量选择及其在信用评分中的应用”(71471152);;全国统计科学研究重点项目“大数据下的信用评分研究”(2015629);;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“多源异构大数据的整合分析研究”(20720171095)的资

Development and Application of a Novel Neutralization Test for Echovirus 25

目的:建立一种新型的快速、高通量的埃可病毒25型(ECHO25)中和抗体检测方法,并初步评价其在ECHO25中和抗体筛选和血清流行病学调查中的应用价值。方法:应用免疫荧光方法筛选ECHO25高亲和性抗体并将其作为检测单抗,结合酶联免疫斑点检测技术(ELISPOT)建立ECHO25中和抗体检测方法;使用不同效价的血清评价该方法的准确性;采用所建立的中和方法对ECHO25单克隆抗体、临床血清样品进行检测。结果:建立了快速检测ECHO25中和抗体的Nt-ELISPOT方法,以ECHO25单克隆抗体5B9作为检测抗体;相比经典的中和实验方法 Nt-CPE,该方法可显著缩短检测时间(从5~7 d缩短至1 d以内),检测结果具有较好的一致性;采用所建立的Nt-ELISPOT方法首次筛选获得3株对ECHO25具有较好中和能力的单克隆抗体;临床血清样品检测结果显示厦门地区可能存在ECHO25的流行。结论:该方法可以应用于中和抗体筛选和血清学的临床辅助诊断,为ECHO25的防治研究提供支持。Objective: To establish a rapid and high-throughput neutralization test for echovirus 25(ECHO25),and evaluate its application in neutralizing antibody screening and seroepidemiological surveys. Methods: Immuno-fluorescence assay was applied to screen a high affinity antibody, which was used as the detection antibody forECHO25, and a rapid neutralization test was established based on enzyme- linked immunospot assay(Nt-ELISPOT). The accuracy of this method was evaluated by detecting serum samples with different titer. Monoclonalantibodies against ECHO25 and clinical serum samples were detected via the established neutralization test. Results: A rapid method to detect neutralizing antibody against ECHO25 was established and an anti-ECHO25 anti-body, 5B9, was used as the detection antibody. The detection period could be shortened significantly comparedwith the classical neutralization test(Nt- CPE)(from five to seven days to less than one day), and the Nt-ELISPOT had good consistency with the Nt- CPE. Meanwhile, three neutralizing antibodies for ECHO25 werescreened firstly by this method. The detection results of clinical serum samples showed that infection of ECHO25 might be popular in Xiamen. Conclusion: This method can be used in neutralizing antibody screening and seroepi-demiological surveys, and it may provide support for the control of ECHO25.国家自然科学基金(81371817,81401669

A unique NH-spacer for N-benzamidothiourea based anion sensors. Substituent effect on anion sensing of the ICT dual fluorescent N-(p-dimethylaminobenzamido)-N '-arylthioureas

A series of N-(p-dimethylaminobenzamido)-N'-(substituted-phenyl)thioureas (substituent = p-CH3, H, p-Cl, p-Br, m-Br, m-NO2, and p-NO2) were designed as anion sensors in order to better understand the -NH-spacer via a substituent effect investigation. In these molecules the dual fluorescent intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) fluorophore p-dimethylaminobenzamide as the signal reporter was linked to the anion-binding site, the thiourea moiety, via an N-N single bond. Correlation of the NMR signals of the aromatic and -NH protons with substituents in these molecules indicated that the N-N single bond stopped the ground-state electronic communication between the signal reporter and the anion-binding site. Dual fluorescence was observed in highly polar solvents such as acetonitrile with the former five derivatives. The fact that the CT emission wavelength and the CT to LE emission intensity ratio of the sensors were independent of the substituent existing in the anion-binding moiety suggested that the substituent electronic effect could not be communicated to the CT fluorophore in the excited-state either. Yet in acetonitrile both the CT dual fluorescence and the absorption of the sensors were found to be highly sensitive toward anions. A conformation change around the N-N bond in the sensor molecules was suggested to occur upon anion binding that established the electronic communication between the signal reporter and the anion-binding site. The anion binding constants of the N-(p-dimethylaminobenzamido)thiourea sensors were found higher than those of the corresponding traditional N-phenylthiourea counterparts and the substituent effect on the anion binding constant was much higher than that in the latter. "-NH-" was shown to be a unique spacer that affords N-benzamidothiourea allosteric anion sensors

复杂气固流动的EMMS建模

随着日益严格的环境要求和逐渐丰富的产品需求，过程工艺在反应器结构和操作方式上逐渐呈现多样化和复杂化，同一工艺中的各反应器或同一反应器中的各反应区段的构型、尺寸以及操作模式都有可能不同。其中的非均匀动态结构对于单个反应器甚至整个工艺的流动、传递和反应过程都有着重要的影响。能量最小多尺度（EMMS）模型经过三十多年的发展，已经在气固快速床、气固鼓泡床、气液、气液固三相等系统中得到了成功的应用。以&ldquo;先整体分布、后局部模拟、再细节演化&rdquo;为特征的EMMS多尺度计算模式推进了虚拟过程工程的实现。本论文基于EMMS理论，通过全局动力学的建模及验证并与CFD模拟耦合来研究具有操作条件复杂性的流动密封阀和具有几何结构复杂性的变径流化床内的动力学规律，从而完善复杂气固系统的全系统稳态建模理论。针对流动密封阀体系，先通过稳态方法对流动密封阀内各区域的宏观流体动力学特征进行理论预测，其中刘新华等[1]提出的改进的EMMS气固鼓泡理论模型的预测精度明显优于现有经验关联式的结果。然后将此气固EMMS鼓泡理论模型通过修正曳力系数的方式与双流体模型耦合，实现对流动密封阀更精细的非稳态模拟研究。模拟考察了流动密封阀返料室、供给室和立管各区域内的非稳态时空多尺度流动特征，模拟结果与实验数据吻合良好。基于非稳态模拟总结了操作参数（如操作气速）变化对流动密封阀不同区域流动的影响规律。针对变径流化床体系，考虑操作参数随高度连续变化这一特点，在轴向EMMS模型中引入团聚物动态演化方程，建立了适用于变径流化床的轴向EMMS稳态模型，将其与径向EMMS稳态模型耦合，实现了变径流化床轴径向流动特征的稳态预测，预测结果与实验数据吻合较好。另外，本研究还分别考察了结构参数和操作参数对变径流化床轴径向分布的影响，结果表明改变结构参数对提升管和过渡段轴向空隙率的影响远大于改变操作参数的影响。在渐缩和渐扩两种类型的变径提升管中均可以捕捉到径向空隙率呈现环核分布结构，并在渐缩提升管底部壁面附近和渐扩提升管顶部壁面附近观察到有颗粒向下移动的现象。在上述稳态模型的基础上，论文采用三维瞬态欧拉-欧拉模型，并耦合不同的曳力模型研究了渐缩和渐扩提升管的瞬态和时均非均匀结构特征。研究发现提升管直径变化导致其内流动参数（如表观气速）实时变化，造成采用基于全床平均流动参数的传统均匀曳力和平均EMMS曳力的模拟结果误差较大。由此本研究提出用考虑轴向流动参数差异的插值EMMS曳力来模拟渐缩/渐扩提升管，模拟结果比传统均匀曳力和平均EMMS曳力的结果更准确，且与实验数据吻合更好。基于此模拟方法，进一步考察了不同操作参数和结构参数条件下，渐缩和渐扩提升管内气固流动特性及演变规律。然后采用CFD-DEM方法耦合EMMS曳力分别对渐缩过渡段和渐扩过渡段进行了精细的模拟，其非稳态模拟时均结果与稳态模拟结果相吻合。与变径CFB提升管的轴向空隙率分布相似，变径过渡段也存在复杂的轴向非均匀分布。最后，论文总结了本研究的主要工作、结论、创新点，并对该方向未来发展提出了一些展望。;With the increasingly stringent environmental requirements and abundant product diversification, process technology is becoming further diversified and complex in reactor structure and operation mode. Novel reactors are designed for various objectives such as high volumetric yield, minimum by product production, less energy consumption and minimal impact on the environment. The configuration, size and operation mode of different reactors in the same process or the sections in the same reactor may be different, with the heterogeneous structures playing an important role in the flow, transfer and reaction process of a single reactor or even the whole process. After three decades of development and evolution, the Energy-Minimization Multi-Scale (EMMS) model has been successfully applied to gas-solid fast fluidized bed, gas-solid bubbling fluidized bed, gas-liquid two-phase and gas-liquid-solid three-phase systems. The EMMS multi-scale computing paradigm characterized by &quot;first global distribution, then local simulation, and last detailed evolution&quot; promotes the realization of virtual process engineering (VPE). In this thesis, based on the EMMS theory for heterogeneous structure, steady &ndash;state modeling and unsteady-state simulations were carried out for the dynamics of the loop seal with complex operating conditions and the tapered fluidized bed with geometric complexity, so as to perfect the full-loop steady-state modeling method of gas-solid systems.For the loop seal, various steady-state methods were used to predict theoretically the macro-hydrodynamic characteristics of each region in the loop seal. Among them, the improved gas-solid EMMS bubbling model proposed by Liu et al.[1] can effectively improve the accuracy of the predictions than that of the existing empirical correlations. Then a heterogeneity index was calculated from an improved EMMS bubbling model to measure the interphase drag coefficient and further integrated into the two-fluid-model (TFM) approach to simulate the loop seal for a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) system. This index was dependent on superficial gas velocity in bubbling fluidization, so a region-specific drag correction scheme is proposed to allow the application of various heterogeneity index correlations to different zones of the loop seal, since superficial gas velocity may differ much from the recycle to supply chamber. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on the unsteady state simulation, the effects of operating parameters on the flow in different regions of the loop seal were summarized.For the tapered bed, considering the operating parameters varying continuously with height, the axial EMMS model by introducing a general cluster evolution equation was upgraded and then, together with the radial EMMS model, was used to predict the hydrodynamics of tapered fluidized bed. The predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental data. Depending on the operating and configuration parameters, voidage may increase monotonously with height, or increase firstly but then decrease to be even lower than the entrance voidage in the tapered-in or tapered-out bed. The axial voidage profiles can be influenced much more significantly by the wall inclined angle than by operating conditions in the tapered fluidized bed. In addition, radial voidage distribution may take on a typical core-annulus structure in both the tapered risers, and the particles even become downward moving near the bottom wall in tapered-out riser or the top wall in tapered-in riser.Then, three-dimensional gas-solid flow in tapered-out and tapered-in risers was simulated by the two-fluid model using an improved structure-dependent drag based on the EMMS model. The EMMS model was solved at different axial levels to determine different correlations of heterogeneity index with voidage, which were then interpolated between these levels to improve the prediction of varying interphase drag in the tapered risers. Considering the axial variation of the EMMS drag, the simulation predicts much more reasonable flow dynamics in the tapered risers than those coupled with an average EMMS drag or homogeneous drag laws, and is in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on this simulation method, the axial and radial heterogeneities as well as the parametric effects on the flow dynamics in the tapered risers were further discussed in detail. Then, a so-called CFD-DEM method coupling with the EMMS drag law was used to simulate the transition sections of tapered fluidized beds at higher resolution than traditional continuum methods. The results of the unsteady simulation are in good agreement with those of the steady-state simulation. Similar to the tapered risers, axial non-uniform distribution also exists in the transition sections.Finally, the main results, conclusions and novelties are summarized in the thesis and some aspects of future development are put forward in this direction.</p

开放经济下博彩业反洗钱的对策分析

随着我国市场经济逐步与全球经济体系的融合,利用博彩业进行洗钱的违法活动日益猖獗。博彩业洗钱问题关系到我国金融利益与社会稳定,是亟待解决的重大问题。该文在分析博彩业洗钱资金外流渠道及其危害性的基础上,针对博彩业洗钱问题提出构建以《反洗钱法》为核心的反洗钱法律体系、督促金融机构切实履行反洗钱职责、加强国际协作等具体措施。国家自然科学基金资助项目:“世界赌博爆炸与中国的金融利益——博彩金融管理研究”(项目批准号70473076)的阶段性成果

南海天然气水合物加热开采过程中海底稳定性研究

利用Abaqus有限元软件，结合我国南海水合物的矿藏情况，对水合物的加热开采过程进行传热分析。首先利用热流值计算输入的总热量，再根据已分解的水合物计算水合物分解消耗的热量以及产出的天然气燃烧后产生的热量，估算在加热开采过程中的热效率(用于水合物分解的热量与输入热量之比)、能量效率(开采所得甲烷气体燃烧后放出的热量与输入热量之比)与水合物分解范围之间的关系。结果表明，当水合物分解到一定范围后，产出热量会小于输入热量，所以在实际开采过程中应控制水合物的分解范围，以保证较高的热效率。以此为依据对水合物在实际开采过程中的分解范围控制及布井情况进行分析，在确定水合物最大分解范围之后，假设在水合物区打竖直开采井，对水合物加热开采过程进行热力耦合计算。这里计算的温度场为一个瞬态温度场，随着加热的进行，水合物的分解范围从井筒附近向外围不断扩大。水合物分解后，沉积物弹性模量和强度会明显降低，在模拟过程中，把沉积物的参数设成温度的函数，通过温度场来控制沉积物参数的变化，从而解决水合物分解过程中的移动边界问题。按上述方法计算出水合物加热开采过程中不同分解范围时海床表面岩体的位移情况及矿区岩体的塑性区情况，最后总结出水合物开采过程中海床表面的位移变化规律及矿区岩体的塑性区发展规律，给出合理的开采建议

若干弹性力学问题解的唯一性定理

弹性力学问题解的适定性,包括存在性、唯一性以及稳定性(对边界条件的连续依赖性).其中解的唯一性定理是求解定解问题的一个有力工具,为各种求解方法提供理论依据,解是否满足唯一性是弹性理论的一个基本问题.然而,在物理上三维弹性问题存在非唯一解的例子广泛存在,其相应的数学模型并不能要求解的唯一性定理无条件成立.因此解的唯一性需在一定的条件下成立,如弹性张量、应变能函数和变形范围的限制条件.本文回顾了解的唯一性定理在弹性理论中的背景和发展历史,重点介绍了线性弹性理论、有限变形非线性弹性理论和具有初始应力场的弹性理论中边值问题的解的唯一性定理,给出了其中重要定理的证明方法.在此基础上,结合研究进展提出了弹性力学问题解的唯一性定理的待解决问题

Economics analysis of developing private bank

本文从理论解释层面上分析了我国民营银行对民营经济的影响,认为民营银行的快速发展促进了民营经济增长,并针对如何构建民营银行体系以改善对民营经济的金融支持,提出了率先利率市场化、加快金融创新等若干建议。The paper, through theoretical explanation, studies how Non-governmental banks affect private economy,and concludes that the development of non-governmental banks result in the advance of private economy.Finally, some suggestions on how to develop non-governmental banks are put forward