Effect of mulching mode on growth and water use of greenhouse pepper during fruiting stage

在日光温室条件下,通过地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、地膜加秸秆覆盖和对照共4个处理的小区试验,研究覆盖方式对温室辣椒结果期生长及水分利用的影响,从中筛选出有利于温室辣椒生产的较佳覆盖模式。结果表明:地膜加秸秆覆盖处理结果初期土壤温度升温幅度大于秸秆覆盖,结果盛期和结果末期土壤温度降温趋势小于地膜覆盖;各覆盖处理都显著促进植株生长,增加结果期辣椒叶片叶绿素相对含量和植株总干重及各部分干重,并显著提高辣椒产量,减少耗水量,其中,地膜加秸秆覆盖表现尤为突出;地膜加秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖处理的水分利用效率分别为对照的2.17倍、2.09倍、1.67倍。总之,地膜加秸秆覆盖是利于日光温室辣椒生产、提高水分利用效率的较佳覆盖方式

填埋气净化分离的实验研究

填埋气的分离技术越来越受到人们的广泛关注。醇胺溶液可以有效地分离垃圾填埋气中的甲烷和二氧化碳，借助实验曲线和评判填埋气分离和CO2再生的性能指标，考察填埋气在不同醇胺溶液（乙醇胺MEA、二乙醇胺DEA、三乙醇胺TEA）中的分离情况以及CO2的再生的情况，以及不同实验因素对填埋气分离和CO2再生性能的影响。实验发现，吸收剂浓度和开：同操作条件（如温度、气液接触方式、传热效率等）对以上性能均有不同程度的影响；在相同吸收剂浓度和一样的操作条件下，填埋气分离性能表现为：MEA〉DEA〉TEA，再生性能的表现刚好相反

Soil Respiration Variations in Winter Wheat Field in Different Previous Crops and Its Influencing Factors

以不同蔬菜前茬处理的冬小麦田为对象,研究土壤呼吸变化特征、各影响因子对土壤呼吸的响应的通径分析以及计算全生长季农田碳汇强度.结果表明:①温度对土壤呼吸速率的响应随深度增加具有滞后性;土壤呼吸与土壤水分呈显著二次相关.②有效磷、速效钾、土壤脲酶、土壤温度、土壤水分对土壤呼吸变化的贡献较大,为主要影响因子.5种主要因子中土壤温度对土壤呼吸的作用最强,速效钾的作用最弱.③4种不同前茬处理的冬小麦田平均碳排放速率为:辣椒茬>芹菜茬>玉米茬>茄子茬.而碳"汇"强度表现:茄子茬>芹菜茬>玉米茬>辣椒茬.就本研究而言,虽然辣椒茬的冬小麦田平均土壤呼吸速率较大,但其农田碳固定量也较大,净初级生产力(NPP)与土壤碳释放量(Rs)的比值NPP/Rs最大,表现为碳"汇"强度也最大,按照增"汇"减排的宗旨安排轮作种植,辣椒茬是比较适宜的前茬,其次是玉米茬、芹菜茬、茄子茬

Production Efficiency and Soil Nutrient Characteristics in Food一Vegetable Rotation Systems

为关中平原地区探索、选择优化合理的农田轮作组合,在"商品经济"背景下以提高农民收入为目的的农业结构与作物布局调整提供参考。依据系统的田间定位试验数据,对关中平原常见的粮食作物小麦、玉米和蔬菜作物大蒜、辣椒、茄子、芹菜组成的不同轮作体系的经济产值、土地当量比、生物产量、经济系数、农田土壤环境效应进行了分析。结果表明:(1)就经济效益和土地产出效率而言,小麦和玉米组成的粮—粮轮作体系经济效益和土地产出效率是7种轮作体系中最低的,而由大蒜和辣椒、茄子、芹菜组成的蔬菜—蔬菜体系效益和土地产出效率最佳。(2)从生态学角度分析,大蒜和辣椒、茄子、芹菜组成的各个蔬菜—蔬菜体系生物产量较高,其次是小麦和玉米组成的粮—粮轮作体系,小麦和辣椒、茄子、芹菜组成的各个粮食—蔬菜体系生物产量较低。蔬菜—蔬菜轮作体系的有机物向人类所需品的转化率相对较高,其次是粮食—蔬菜轮作体系,小麦玉米粮-粮轮作体系转化率相对较低。(3)从土壤环境效应角度分析,基础养分基本表现为蔬菜—粮食轮作体系高于蔬菜—蔬菜轮作体系,传统的粮食轮作体系相对最低。各轮作体系的土壤呼吸速率,除了大蒜—辣椒体系较大之外,其余均表现为粮食—蔬菜轮作体系高于蔬菜—蔬菜轮作体系..

Responses of fruit quality,leaf protective enzyme systems of tomato to soil water and fertilization

通过3个土壤相对含水量(W1,50%~60%;W2,70%~80%;W3,90%~100%)和3个施肥水平(F1,N0.187 g/kg+P2O50.131 g/kg;F2,N0.267g/kg+P2O50.187 g/kg;F3,N0.347 g/kg+P2O50.243 g/kg)共9个处理的盆栽试验,研究了番茄结果期果实品质、叶片保护酶及叶绿素含量的变化规律,旨在为番茄结果期合理的水肥管理提供理论依据。结果表明:在整个结果期,W1F2处理有利于提高果实品质;W2F2处理下果实中的渗透物质(游离氨基酸)保持着较高水平,且叶片保护酶活性较高,丙二醛含量低;W2F3处理的叶片叶绿素含量保持较高水平,W2F2处理番茄果实单株产量高。相关分析表明:果实品质与超氧化物歧化酶、叶绿素含量呈正相关,而与丙二醛含量呈负相关;游离氨基酸含量与过氧化物酶活性、脯氨酸含量呈显著正相关,而与丙二醛含量呈显著负相关。综合分析,番茄结果期较优的水肥组合为N0.267g/kg+P2O50.187g/kg和70%~80%的土壤相对含水量

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies