福建根结线虫宿主一新记录及其扫描电镜观察

福建根结线虫宿主一新记录及其扫描电镜观察潘沧桑林竞（厦门大学生物系寄生动物研究室，厦门361005）作者之一曾报告福建根结线虫（MElOIdOgynEfuJIAnEnSISPAn，1985）。1987年作者在福建省南靖县丰田华侨农场新圩果园发现白茅（..

松材线虫病研究进展(综述)

主要就松材线虫(Bursaphelenchusxylophilus)的遗传学、分子生物学及松材线虫病的防治等方面进行综述。松材线虫与拟松材线虫(B.mucronatus)在试验条件下能够种间杂交,但绝大多数杂交后代无繁殖能力,有些松材线虫种下水平杂交后代的宿主特异性及侵袭力会发生改变。用分子生物学方法研究表明,松材线虫可分为美国、日本和加拿大三种亚型,日本亚型和美国亚型具有更近的亲缘关系。已筛选出一些具有鉴别特征的分子标记。对松材线虫病这一顽症,目前还只能"以防为主",发展快速分离和早期诊断的检疫检验技术对预防该病具有一定的实用意义

Extraction of active components from the fungus Botrytis cinerea and their attraction to the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

分别以灭菌的淡水细砂和琼脂平板为基质,研究了不同真菌对松材线虫移行的影响,并从灰葡萄孢发酵液中逐级分离提取各种组分,以滤纸片法分析其中对松材线虫移行起作用的物质。结果表明:病木对松材线虫的诱引力较强,经高压灭菌后诱引能力虽有所下降,但下降不大,说明在病木中对松材线虫起诱引作用的物质并没有因高压灭菌而完全丧失,这与“吸引物质为挥发性物质“的推测相矛盾;但松树皮对松材线虫并没有什么明显的吸引作用,而灰葡萄孢对松材线虫的诱引力一直比较稳定。松材线虫对不同真菌的选择性强弱依次为:灰葡萄孢、盘多毛、酵母、空白(Ck),证明灰葡萄孢是其中对松材线虫最具吸引力的真菌。灰葡萄孢菌液经葡萄糖凝胶lH-20柱层析分离后的生测结果说明,灰葡萄孢菌液的活性物质主要存在于胞外有机相(乙酸乙酯相)中,可能是醇溶性化合物。但随着混合物的逐步分离,对松材线虫的吸引力和稳定性逐渐降低,证明对松材线虫的吸引活性是灰葡萄孢菌液的胞外有机相中几种物质协同作用的结果。supportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFundationofChina(30470234

Transformation of enhanced green fluorescent protein gene in Paecilomyces lilacinus mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

为了实现增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因(EgfP)在生防真菌淡紫拟青霉9410菌株中的转化,借助中间质粒PCdnA3.1(-)构建nPTⅡ-EgfP融合基因的表达载体PuPngT,然后采用根癌农杆菌介导的转化法将EgfP基因转化到淡紫拟青霉9410菌株中。PCr检测和SOuTHErn blOTTIng分析结果表明,EgfP基因以单拷贝形式整合到淡紫拟青霉9410的基因组中。荧光显微镜观察结果显示,转化子在488nM光源的激发下能产生绿色荧光。这些结果说明EgfP基因已成功转化至淡紫拟青霉9410菌株并获得表达。这些工作可为淡紫拟青霉在不同条件下的防效评价、环境安全评价等提供新的途径和方法。The main aim of this study was to transform the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (egfp) into biocontrol fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 9410.We constructed the expression vector pUPNGT of the fusion gene nptII-egfp using pcDNA3.1(-) as a helper plasmid.The egfp gene was then transformed into P.lilacinus strain 9410 via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation.PCR and Southern blotting analysis showed that the egfp gene was integrated into the genomes of the tested transformants and the integration manner was single-copy.The transformants could generate green fluorescence when they were excited by 488 nm blue laser.These results indicated that the egfp gene had been successfully transformed into P.lilacinus 9410 and expressed in the tested transformants.Our work may provide a new approach to assess environmental safety and practical biocontrol efficacy of P.lilacinus under different conditions.福建省重点项目(No.2008N01050731)资助---

福建南部海产鱼类的吸虫——Ⅰ.半尾科(Hemiuridae)种类

我国海岸线甚长,沿海鱼类丰富。寄生于鱼体的吸虫种类繁多,其中半尾亚目(Hemiuroidea)吸虫是一大类群。根据Skrjabin与Guschans-kaza(1954—1960)多年的整理,包括有15科,36亚科和105属。Yamaguti(1971)将它们修订为1总科、8科、26亚科、97属。此类吸虫绝大多数寄生于鱼类(包括海水、咸淡水及淡水鱼类),少数也见于两栖类和爬行类。国内有关本类吸虫的研究虽有些报道(唐仲璋,1951,1981;许鹏如,1954;叶英和吴淑卿,1955;唐崇惕和唐仲璋,1959;

Analysis of Differential Proteins Between Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus Using Two Dimensional Polyacryamide Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry

松材线虫是造成松树萎蔫病的病原,对松林威胁很大。其近似种拟松材线虫与松材线虫在形态学上极其相似,却不具致病性。所以,松材线虫和拟松材线虫的快速检测至关重要。应用双向电泳联用质谱技术,研究松材线虫和拟松材线虫的蛋白差异,并对差异蛋白进行MAldI-TOf/MS分析以及数据库鉴定,共鉴定了45个差异蛋白,其中松材线虫22个、拟松材线虫23个。不仅为松材线虫和拟松材线虫的准确鉴定打下基础,差异蛋白的进一步研究可望揭示松材线虫的致病机理。The plane-parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the causal agent of pine wilt disease,which is the most serious conifer disease in the world.However,it is difficult to differentiate isolates of B.xylophilus from the closely related species B.mucronatus,which is not pathogenic to pine trees.So it is very important to distinguish B.mucronatus from B.xylophilus rapidly.The author applied the two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to study the proteomics of the two nematodes,and had obtained 45 differentiate proteins,22 of which were from B.xylophilus and others were from B.mucronatus.The results supplied new insights into the rapid identification of B.xylophilus the virulence of B.xylophilus.国家自然科学基金“‘检测管’诱引松材线虫的机理研究”(30470234

新疆白杨沟绵羊矛形双腔吸虫的研究

寄生在牛羊肝脏的双腔吸虫在国内各农牧区中形成流行区的有中华双腔吸虫(Dicr-ocoelium chinemis Tang et Tang,1978)、矛形双腔吸虫(D. lanceatum Stiles et Hassall,1896)及扁体矛形双腔吸虫亚种(D. lanceatum platynosomum Tang et al., 1980)它们在国内分布及危害情况曾有介绍(唐崇惕等,1980)。矛形双腔吸虫在国内有很大的分布区,也曾有人体病例报道。本吸虫的生活史虽已经阐明(Noller,1928;Voget,1929;Neu

The Discuss About the Scientific Name and Their Chinese Name of Bursaphelenchus

鉴于在国内Bursaphelenchus学名的中文名被写成"伞滑刃线虫",作者指出其确切的中文名应当是伞真滑刃线虫,同时,指出其所隶属的Bursaphelenchinae应叫做伞真滑刃亚科,而不应叫做"伞滑刃亚科".此外,该亚科下的另外2个属,Parasitaphelenchus应叫做寄生真滑刃属,而不应叫做"寄生滑刃属",Rhadinaphelenchus应叫做细杆真滑刃属,而不应叫做"细杆滑刃属".Whereas the name of Bursaphelenchus in chinese was written as"Bursaphelenchoides"by some of Nematologists in China,the author pointed out that the accurate name must be "Bursaphelenchus" in Chinese,and one of Bursaphelenchinae belonged to the genus must be "Bursaphelenchinae" and not be "Bursaphelenchoidinae".Moreover,the two another genera under the subfamily,the accurate name of Parasitaphelenchus must be "Parasitaphelenchus" and not be "Parasitaphelenchoides",one of Rhadinaphelenchus must be "Parasitaphelenchus" and not be "Parasitaphelenchoides"

Development of Studies on Pinewood Nematodes Diseases

Email : cs. pan. xmu@ 163. com松材线虫病引发严重经济损失和重大生态灾难,受到各国重视,成为检疫对象,我国疫区已扩大到14省市,致死松树5亿多株,毁林30多万hm2,损失上千亿元.各国在该病的基础研究方面有一些进展,但防控方面仍困难重重.我们从病原和防治这两方面开展研究,在检测手段和防治方法上进行创新,研制了松材线虫早期诊断检测管(简称检测管)、快速分离器I型和II型、疫木处理器及松墨天牛高效引诱剂、基于检测管的松材线虫病早期诊断体系、基于快速分离器的松材线虫快速检测体系、检测松墨天牛携带线虫情况的新技术、用雾化分离器高通量检测松墨天牛带虫情况等新技术,其中6项技术成果已经在生产实际中应用并开始推广.同时鉴定并描述了十几种寄生松树的线虫.国家自然科学基金项目(30470234);福建省重点项目(2008N01050731);福建省发改委小发明小创造项