Study on the Water Footprint of Jiulong River Watershed

水资源是支撑一个地区可持续发展的基本条件和战略资源，目前中国普遍关注干旱的北方内陆地区，却对湿润的南方地区的水资源隐患有所忽视。建立在虚拟水基础上的水足迹虽然仅有十年的历史，但却弥补了传统水资源评估中对土壤水（绿水）和贸易虚拟水的忽略，极大地拓展了水资源评价体系的外延和内涵。 水足迹理论已经得到了广泛的应用，但多数研究集中于对具体农作物的虚拟水计算和某行政区域的水足迹计算，缺乏在流域范围的具体应用，同时也缺乏系统的评价体系和有效的预测方法。 本文以典型的亚热带流域——九龙江流域为研究对象，完成了2002-2011十年间的水足迹账户，全面研究了流域内水足迹的主要特征和变化规律，系统建立了水足...Water resource is the basic requirement and strategic resource for supporting the sustainable development of a region. In China, the public generally focus on the northern arid region and ignore the water resource risks in humid South China. Water footprint, which is established on the base of virtual water, only has about 10 years’ history. Water footprint makes up the ignorance to soil water (gr...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院环境科学与工程系_环境管理学号：2262010115137

feature separation and composition based on feature semantics

针对21/2维特征模型,应用基于语义的特征识别方法实现加工特征的识别.结合实例介绍了21/2维特征的生成语义和加工语义,在特征转换过程中不同语义邻接特征的分离,以及相同语义特征转换而成的加工特征之间的结合.最后介绍了基于特征语义的特征识别的流程

CLIGEN随机气候生成器在天山西部中山带的适用性评价

根据中国科学院天山积雪雪崩研究站1978-2007年降水和气温的月平均资料以及在全美范围内选择参证站点得到的其他气象因子,利用CLIGEN模型分别模拟出日序列气象数据,统计出多年月平均降水量、多年月平均最高温度和多年月平均最低温度。选择模型有效系数E和平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)为评价指标。最终确定HIBBING站点为最优参证站。HIBBING站点的模拟多年月平均降水量、月平均最高温度和月平均最低温度的模型有效系数E分别为0.980 0、0.956 3、0.996 5,平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)分别为7.1%、10.70%、8.30%。从而确定了CLI-GEN模型在天山西部中山带的适用性

Evaluation of Water Resource Utilization in the Jiulong River Basin Based on Water Footprint Theory

以虚拟水为基础的水足迹理论是一种全新的水资源概念,本文运用该理论对福建省九龙江流域进行了水足迹计算,并应用了水资源利用评价指标体系对水足迹计算结果进行评价,最后结合其他研究结论和水资源数据进行了比较分析。水足迹计算结果表明:九龙江流域人均水足迹计算值为1440.695M3/(CAPy)。水资源利用评价结果表明:流域水自给率为96.26%,进口依赖度仅为3.74%,对内部水资源依赖度较高;内部效益均不大,万吨水足迹人口密度为6.94人/万T,水足迹经济效益23.81元/M3,水足迹土地密度为36.4万M3/kM2;水资源净贸易输出量为3.53亿M3,贡献率为3.80%,呈现较高的外向型;水资源匮乏指数为54%,水资源压力指数为57.80%。比较分析结果表明:水足迹计算值显著大于水资源公报数据,人均水足迹处于相对较高的水平,水匮乏度极低,水自给率较高。总体而言,九龙江流域水资源状况较为理想,但也面临巨大的压力和风险,因此需要加强水资源的科学管理,实现未来的可持续利用。Water footprint theory is based on virtual water and is a new concept reflecting the real consumption and usage of water resources in a social-economic system.The theory provides a new method for evaluating water resources and understanding the water resource situation more scientifically.In this paper, we studied the subtropical Jiulong River located in southwest Fujian, China.Data were derived from local yearbooks and bulletins across the basin.During the calculation of water demands for agricultural production, virtual water contents per unit quality of agricultural products drew on and adapted Chapagain and Hoekstra’s research results from 2004.We applied an indicator system for water resource evaluation to assess calculation results.We then analyzed the calculation values in combination with conclusions from other research and relative water resource data.The results indicate that the water footprint of the Jiulong River Basin in 2009 was 50.165×10 8 m 3 and the water footprint per capita was 1440.695 m 3 /cap/y.The self-sufficiency rate was 96.26% and the basin mainly depends on internal water resources.Internal efficiency is not high, the population density per 10 thousand tons water footprint is 6.94 cap/10 4 t, the economy efficiency is 23.81 Yuan/m 3 and the land density is 3.64×10 5 m 3 /km 2 .The net trade output of water resources was 3.53 × 10 8 m 3 , the contribution rate is 3.80% and the basin represents obvious extraversion.The scarcity index of water resources was 54% and the pressure index was 57.80%, both of which are relatively low.Comparative analysis results indicate that the calculated value of the water footprint is significantly greater than local statistical water usage and water footprint per capita is relatively high.The scarcity index of water resources is extremely low while the self-sufficiency rate is very high.Overall, even under ideal conditions the Jiulong River Basin still faces great pressure and risk.Managers from local government need to understand the water resource situation from a new perspective and improve water resource management in this wet subtropical region.We need to strengthen the scientific management of water resources in order to realize proper sustainable utilization.国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41175130);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划;福建省高校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项

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意大利光纤通信情况介绍

<正> 我们于一九八五年四月二十五日至五月八日应邀访问了意大利。访问的主要目的是参观并了解CSELT（意人利电信研究实验中心）的情况,与CSELT专家交流光纤通信测试技术方面的经验,并商定八五年中意两目光纤通信研究合作计划。在意大利期间,还应邀参观了意大利邮电部高级研究所等六个研究、生产、电信业务、教育培训机构。这次访问中的技术交流主要是单模光纤截止波长、光纤色散、光纤预制棒掺氟的影响等三个课题。由于CSELT在科研性质、任务、规模方面与武汉邮电科学研究院有许多类似,研以访问中我们还了解到CSELT在管理方面的一些情况