Environment assessment of mangrove and marsh wetlands using biotic indices based on macrofauna

红树林湿地是我国东南沿海潮间带的典型生态系统，在中国渤海、黄海、东海的海滨，有面积不等的盐沼分布，大型底栖动物群落是潮间带红树林和盐沼湿地的重要组成部分。生物指数是指运用数学方法求得的反映生物种群或群落结构变化的数值，同时可以用来评价环境质量。以海洋大型底栖动物群落为主体开发的生物指数作为海洋生态环境质量监测的生物指标和评估生态系统健康的方法已经得到了国际上广泛的认可，是欧美很多国家研究的热点。 本研究首次将海洋生物指数（AMBI）、多变量海洋生物指数（M-AMBI）和寡毛类指数（OI）等应用于红树林和盐沼湿地环境评价。根据在福建漳江口红树林和盐沼湿地四种植物生境，以及在广东湛江高桥红树林和...The mangrove wetland is a typical ecosystem in coastal intertidal zone in southeast China and marsh wetland distributed in Pohai, Yellow Sea, and East China Seashore. The macrofauna community is a crucial part in intertidal mangrove and marsh wetland. Biotic indices are some values that use mathematical methods for reflecting changes in biological species and ecological community which can be used...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院环境科学与工程系_环境科学学号：2262009115121

日常交谈中故事讲述的会话分析

故事讲述是日常交谈中的常见现象。故事讲述具有可辨性、开放性,故事的最终构成是因应交互需要由讲述与受述双方实时共同参与完成的。语料显示:(1)故事讲述在应答话轮中出现时,常作为说明或解释支撑非偏好应答;(2)故事讲述由他人讲述引发时,说话人以相似/相反的故事表达对他人的讲述是否认同或保持一致;(3)故事讲述也作为评价或断言的后继话语出现,以实例表明说话人抽象的观点立场;(4)故事讲述还出现在对他人挑战或误解等负面行为的回应话轮中,说话人通过实例应对挑战和误解。作为一种会话惯例,交谈中的故事讲述常以具象的方式支持交互中一系列的话语行为。国家社会科学基金青年项目“自然交谈中故事重演的多模态会话分析研究”(18CYY001

区块链与数字版权反思:困境与重述

2018年4月25日,著名音乐填词人方文山通过新浪微博发表声明,澄清其与区块链音乐版权保护项目的合作进度,从而不经意间将区块链在版权保护方面的应用前景推到世人眼前:在工信部工业经济研究所所长于佳宁看来,区块链是版权保护天然需要的技术;IDG技术创业投资基金董事长熊晓鸽同样表示,区块链技术是版权保护最好用的"武器"。~①商业

要素视角下的微博舆论引导方法研究

本文基于微博舆论的多元主体、复杂客体和分散本体,分析和探讨微博舆论的形成和引导方法。提出制定舆论引导方案前,需结合微博舆论本体的监测结果及舆论客体的事件特征来判断舆情走向,舆论引导中的重要策略是与舆论主体的沟通,尤其是意见领袖和媒体用户的意见和看法,对微博上的公众能够产生重要影响。一次成功的舆论引导必然是综合考虑多方因素,使舆论的诸多要素共同发挥作用

Effects of Taohong Siwu Decoction on the expression of pathological angiogenesis correlation factors including VEGF,KDR and Flt-1 in hepatic fibrosis mice

目的:从整体水平研究复方桃红四物汤对四氯化碳所致肝纤维化模型小鼠肝组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、含激酶插入区受体(KDR)及Flt-1蛋白与mRNA表达的影响。方法:昆明小鼠60只,随机分组为空白组,模型组,秋水仙碱组,桃红四物汤高、中、低(17.00、8.50、4.25g/kg)剂量组,采用左侧腹股沟处皮下注射四氯化碳花生油溶液建立小鼠肝纤维化模型,给药6周后,运用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测肝组织VEGF蛋白含量;蛋白印迹法(Western blot)测定小鼠肝脏KDR、Flt-1蛋白的表达;逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)法测定小鼠肝脏VEGF、KDR及Flt-1 mRNA表达。结果:桃红四物汤治疗后,桃红四物汤高、中剂量组肝组织VEGF蛋白表达量较模型组降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),中药高剂量组肝组织KDR与Flt-1蛋白表达较模型组显著降低(P<0.05);而桃红四物汤高、中剂量组肝组织VEGF、KDR与Flt-1 mRNA表达较模型组、秋水仙碱组明显减少(P<0.01),并且呈现一定的量效正相关。结论:桃红四物汤能够降低肝纤维化病理血管生成相关因子的表达,减缓病理性的微血管生成可能是其改善肝纤维化的机制之一。Objective:To investigate the effects of Taohong Siwu Decoction(THSWD) on protein and mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),kinase insert domain containing receptor(KDR) and Flt-1 in hepatic fibrosis model mice caused by CCI_4.Methods:Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank,model,colchicine(control)and three THSWD(17.00,8.50,4.25g/kg) groups,with 10 mice in each group.Except the blank group,the other groups' mice were subcutaneously injected with carbon tetrachloride(CCI_4)-arachis oil solution in left inguen to establish hepatic fibrosis mouse model.After administration for six weeks,the content of VEGF protein in liver tissue was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),protein expressions of KDR and Flt-1 in liver tissue were detected by Western blotting,and mRNA expressions of VEGF,KDR and Flt-1 in liver tissue were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results:After treatment,the content of VEGF protein in THSWD(17.00,8.50g/kg) groups were lower than that in model group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The protein expressions of liver tissue KDR and Flt-1 in THSWD(17.00g/kg) group were less than that in model group(P<0.05).The mRNA expressions of liver tissue VEGF,KDR and Flt-1 were significantly lower than that in both model and colchicine groups(P<0.01),which showed a certain positive correlation between dose and effect.Conclusion:Taohong Siwu Decoction could decrease the expression of pathological angiogenesis correlation factors of hepatic fibrosis,thus helpful to induce the formation of pathological capillary vessels,which may be one of the possible mechanisms of ameliorating hepatic fibrosis.国家自然科学青年基金项目(No.81202659);; 福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2014J01373);; 厦门大学新聘教师科研启动基金项目(No.ZK1014);; 福建省大学生创新创业训练项目(No.DC2013174)~

Bacterial Conversion of Sulfur-and Phosphorous-Compounds and Microbial Diversity in Sediments from a Near-Shore Marine-Cultural Region

对福建某近海养虾场底泥环境中硫和磷 2种元素的微生物代谢进行了研究 .结果表明 ,细菌代谢有机硫和无机硫产H2 S是养殖过程中造成H2 S污染的主要因素 ,利用半胱氨酸和硫代硫酸钠产生硫化氢的细菌数量分别为 1 .6× 10. 6和 4 . 35× 10. 3个·g-1底泥 ;进一步研究发现 ,芽孢杆菌属、盐芽孢杆菌属和微杆菌属等细菌是产H2 S的优势菌群 ,而硫酸盐还原菌的数量较少 ,仅为 2 5个·g-1,其产H2 S的作用不明显 .研究还发现 ,转化有机磷和无机磷酸盐的优势菌群属于好氧细菌 ,其中分解卵磷脂的细菌和产磷酸酯酶细菌的数量分别为 2 . 17× 10. 5和 1 2. 1× 10 6个·g-1,转化磷酸钙的细菌数量为 6 . 96× 10 3 个·g-1.本文从微生物学的角度探讨了养殖环境中硫、磷化合物的转化 ,提出细菌好氧代谢产H2 S是养殖环境潜在的污染因素 ,给出了一些改善和修复养殖环境生态的建议 .The H_2S-producing bacteria and the phosphorous-cycling bacteria in sediments from near-shore marine-cultural region were investigated. Results indicate that the bacterial H_2S production in aerobic condition is the dominating process to produce H_2S in the sediment of cultural pond. The total counts of H_2S-producing bacteria utilizing cysteine and Na_2S_2O_3 were 1.6×106 and 4.35×103 cells g -1 respectively. The counts of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the sediments were very little, only 2.5×101 g -1. Further results show that the bacterial counts of decomposing lecithin and secreting phosphatase were 2.17×105 and 1.21×106 g -1 respectively, bacterial counts of dissolving Ca_3PO_4 were 6.96×103 g -1. Traditional taxonomy and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the H_2S-producing and phosphate-cycling bacteria indicate that most isolates could be classified as members of the following Genera: Bacillus, Halobacillus, Microbacterium, etc.中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX1 SW 12 Ⅱ ) ;; 中国科学院百人计划项目

ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BACILLI IN SEDIMENT FROM A NEAR-SHORE MARINE HORTICULTRTAL REGION

通过对近海养虾场底泥中的细菌数量和类群的调查 ,发现有超过 5 0 %的细菌生物量是产芽孢细菌 ,因此对底泥中的产芽孢细菌进行了分离和纯化 ,通过对细胞形态、生理生化等特征的研究和对部分菌株的 16SrRNA基因的ARDRA分型、序列分析等 ,鉴定了 6 7株产芽孢细菌 ,其中 6 2株属于芽孢杆菌属 ,5株属于短芽孢杆菌属 .进一步对 6 2株芽孢杆菌属的细菌在底泥不同深度的分布进行研究 ,结果表明 ,巨大芽孢杆菌主要分布在底泥深度 0～ 6cm左右的区域 ,海洋芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌主要分布于底泥 6cm以下的区域 ,与坚强芽孢杆菌性状相近的菌分布在底泥 2～ 8cm深度 ;与耐碱芽孢杆菌性状相近的芽孢菌广泛分布在 0～ 12cm区域 .讨论认为 ,应用这些产芽孢细菌资源在修复海洋环境和开发海水养殖微生态制剂方面具有一定可能性 .图 3表 3参 15A survey on microbial populations in the sediment from a near-shore mariculture region revealed that over 50% (by cells) of the biomass was spore-producing bacteria. Totally 67 strains of spore-producing bacteria were obtained and were identified by their cellular morphology, physiological and biochemical features. 12 of the 67 strains were further characterized by cloning their 16S rRNA genes. Results indicate that 62 out of the 67 spore-producing bacterial strains belong to the genus Bacillus and 5 strains belong to Brevibacillus. Among the 62 strains of Bacillus, B. megaterium, B. marinus, B. pumilus, B. cereus, B. thuringensis, B. sphaericus and B. firmus were identified, while other 28 strains could not be taxonomically identified and need further studies. The strains of B. megaterium mainly distributed in the zone above 6 cm of the sediments, and B. pumilus and B. cereus were dominant species in the sediment under depth of 6 cm. The unidentified bacilli distributed through out the entire zone (0～12 cm) of the sediment. The possibility of applying these bacilli for bioremediation of the polluted marine environments or for developing ecological preparations for horticultural is discussed. Fig 3, Tab 3, Ref 15中国科学院知识创新工程项目 (KZCX1 SW 1 2 Ⅱ );; 百人计划支持项目~

Analysis of Nitrate Reducing Community in a Near-shore Marine-cultural Sediments

通过对福建省沿海海水养殖场沉积物中参与氮循环的各生理群细菌数量分析 ,发现氨化和硝酸盐还原细菌是优势生理菌群 ,同时 ,表层泥样中的硝酸盐还原菌数量明显高于深层泥样。从该环境中分离获得 1 0 6株细菌 ,其中 5 8株具有硝酸盐还原能力 ,初步鉴定表明它们主要为芽孢杆菌属 (Bacillus)、盐芽孢杆菌属 (Halobacillus)、短芽孢杆菌属 (Brevibacil lus)、动性球菌属 (Planococcus)和动性杆菌属 (Planomicrobium)等革兰氏阳性细菌的成员 ;1 6SrRNA基因序列分析进一步证实该环境中的硝酸盐还原菌具有丰富的多样性The nitrogen-cycling bacteria in a near-shore marine-cultural sediments were investigated. Results indicated that ammonifying and nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) were the most abounding populations. The abundance of nitrate-reducing bacteria occurred in the surface layer of the sediment was higher than that in the bottom layer. 106 bacterial strains were obtained from sediment samples and were tested for their nitrate reducing ability. The results showed that 58 strains of them were able to reduce nitrate. The dominant nitrate-reducing strains were preliminarily identified as Gram positive bacteria and belong to the genus of Bacillus, Halobacillus, Brevibacillus, Planococcus and Planomicrobium.The richness of diversity of nitrate-reducing bacteria was further revealed by the analysis of the sequences of their 16S rRNA genes

Secondary productivity of macrobenthos in mangrove and salt marsh in Gaoqiao of Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province of South China

为了比较湛江高桥潮间带不同植物生境的大型底栖动物次级生产力,根据2010年4个季度湛江高桥潮间带生境的大型底栖动物数据,运用brEy经验公式计算不同植物生境的大型底栖动物次级生产力.结果表明:湛江高桥红树林和盐沼湿地不同生境大型底栖动物平均次级生产力为11.77gAfdM·M-2·A-1.其中,无瓣海桑生境次级生产力最高,为18.16gAfdM·M-2·A-1,其次是桐花树、盐地鼠尾粟和木榄生境,分别为17.67、8.34和2.92gAfdM·M-2·A-1.在4种生境中,木榄生境的年生产力/年均生物量(P/b)最高,为2.38,其次是无瓣海桑、盐地鼠尾粟和桐花树生境,分别为1.23、0.99和0.48.湛江高桥潮间带不同植物生境大型底栖动物次级生产力和P/b值的差异主要与总有机碳含量、食物类型和动物个体大小有关.In order to understand the secondary productivity of macrobenthos in different botanic habitats in intertidal zone in Gaoqiao of Zhanjiang,the Brey's empirical formula was applied to calculate the secondary productivity based on the investigations in the habitats of Sonneratia apetala,Aegiceras corniculatum,Sporobolus virginicus,and Bruguiera conjugate in four seasons,2010.The secondary productivity of the macrobenthos in the habitats in four seasons was averagely 11.77 g AFDM·m-2·a-1,being the highest in S.apetala habitat(18.16 g AFDM·m-2·a-1),followed by in A.corniculatum habitat(17.67 g AFDM·m-2·a-1),S.virginicus habitat(8.34 g AFDM·m-2·a-1),and B.conjugate habitat(2.92 g AFDM·m-2·a-1).The P/B ratio of the macrobenthos was the highest in B.conjugate habitat(2.38),followed by in S.virginicus,S.virginicus,and A.corniculatum habitats,with the values of 1.23,0.99,and 0.48,respectively.The differences in the secondary productivity and P/B ratio of the macrobenthos among the four botanic habitats were mainly related to the sediment total organic carbon,food type,and macrobenthos individual size.国家自然科学基金重点项目(30930017)资