Antigen-primed CD4^+CD25^+ Regulatory T Cells Prevent Skin Graft Rejection : in vitro and in vivo studies

原著論文Original PaperIn the present studies, we examined the role of regulatory T cells in developing strategies to achieve skin graft-specific tolerance and explored the immune characteristic of Treg cells and the main mechanisms through which inducing transplantation tolerance. The 5×10^4 Treg could inhibit the MLR obviously, and the effect of the Treg to the MLR is dose dependent. The suppression rate of Treg to response T cell from the donor was higher than control group that came from the non-donor, indicating that the suppression of Treg to response T cell was antigen specific. SR of Treg in co-culture was greater than that in separate culture, inferring that CD4^+CD25^+ Treg cells exerted their suppressive effects on effector T cells through cell to cell contact mechanism and cytokines secretion mechanism. In the group 1×10^5 Treg injected, the mean survive time of skin grafts from C57BL/6 mice was obviously longer than the control group. These data suggest that antigen-primed CD^4+CD25^+Treg are effective therapeutic tool to prevent skin allograft rejection

Syntheses and Properties of Ta 5+ Doped Li7La3Zr2O12

本文采用固相法制备了Ta 5+掺杂的石榴石型无机固体电解质Li7-xLa3Zr2-xO12（xTa-LLZO）,研究了不同的掺杂量对材料性能的影响. 通过X射线发射光谱（XRD）、冷场发射电子扫描电镜（FESEM）和电化学阻抗（EIS）对材料进行物理表征和阻抗测试,并且组装LiFePO4//LLZTO//Li全固态锂电池测试电池的循环稳定性. 结果表明,随着Ta 5+掺杂的增加,材料呈现出一个单一的立方相结构,当Ta 5+掺杂量为14.09wt.%（即x=0.3）时,材料的室温离子电导率达到最大（2.58×10 -4 S·cm -1）,呈现出稳定的立方相结构且具有相对较高的致密度（89.16%）,并具有较稳定的循环稳定性,经过50个循环后容量保持率依然保持到88.67%左右.The tantalum ion (Ta 5+) doped garnet-type inorganic solid electrolyte Ta-LLZO was prepared by solid state reaction, and the effect of doping amount on the properties of the materials was investigated. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron scanning microscopy (FESEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). And the cycle stability was tested by assembly of LiFePO4//LLZTO//Li all solid lithium battery. The results show that with the increase of Ta 5+ doping amount, the material appeared to form a single cubic phase structure. When the Ta 5+ doping content became 14.09wt.%, x=0.3, the room temperature ionic conductivity of the material reached the maximum (2.58×10 -4 S·cm -1), forming a stable cubic phase structure with a relatively high density (89.16%). In addition, the relatively stable cycle stability was obtained and the capacity retention rate remained at around 88.67% after 50 cycles.国家自然科学基金项目(21766017);白银项目(2017-2-11G);中科院“西部之光”-西部青年学者项目通讯作者:李世友E-mail:[email protected]:LIShi-youE-mail:[email protected]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃 兰州 730050College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Chin

钙离子对亚麻籽胶-紫苏分离蛋白负载DHA藻油 乳液储藏特性与递送虾青素效果的影响Effect of calcium ions on storage properties and astaxanthin delivery efficiency of DHA algae oil-loaded emulsion using flaxseed gum-perilla protein isolate

DHA藻油是补充ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的重要非动物来源，但因其自身水溶性差、易氧化产生不良风味等特点，极大约束了其摄入途径。据此，采用高压微射流技术与逐层沉积技术（LBL）制备负载DHA的亚麻籽胶（FG，质量分数为0.4%）-紫苏分离蛋白（PPI，质量分数为0.225%）双层乳液，研究Ca2+添加量（0%～0.5%）对上述双层乳液体系稳定性的影响；同时，采用INFOGEST体外模拟消化模型，探究PPI-DHA藻油单层乳液、FG-PPI-DHA藻油双层乳液、Ca2+-FG-PPI-DHA藻油双层乳液中DHA的消化特性，以及上述3种体系递送虾青素的效率，并通过监测其在消化过程中粒径分布、电荷特性及微观状态变化等解释其内在机理。结果表明：DHA藻油双层乳液储藏20 d后，未添加Ca2+的双层乳液的粒径从10.4 μm降低至4.3 μm，Zeta-电位从-23 mV降低至-33 mV，Ca2+添加量为0.4%的双层乳液的粒径和电位未发生显著变化，乳液液滴分布均匀，无分层、絮凝、沉淀现象；DHA藻油双层乳液储藏20 d后，添加Ca2+的双层乳液的Turbiscan抗重力稳定性指数（TSI）较未添加Ca2+的双层乳液有明显改善；3种乳液体系模拟消化过程中，游离脂肪酸释放量分别为68.88%、50.84%、52.32%，虾青素生物可及性分别为47.42%、12.54%、966%。说明添加Ca2+有利于DHA藻油双层乳液的稳定储藏，但对消化过程中脂肪酸与虾青素的释放具有一定迟缓效果，研究结果可为设计靶向递送体系提供重要理论依据。DHA algae oil is an important non-animal source for supplementing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA), but due to its poor water solubility and easy oxidation to produce bad flavor, its intake route is greatly restricted. Accordingly, high-pressure micro-jet technology and layer by layer (LBL) were used to prepare DHA-loaded flaxseed gum (FG, mass fraction 0.4%)-perilla protein isolate (PPI, mass fraction 0.225%) double-layer emulsion, focusing on the effect of calcium ion addition (0%-0.5%) on the stability of the above-mentioned double-layer emulsion system. At the same time, the INFOGEST in vitro simulated digestion model was used to explore the digestion characteristics of DHA in PPI -DHA algae oil single-layer emulsion, FG-PPI -DHA algae oil double-layer emulsion, and Ca2+-FG-PPI -DHA algae oil double-layer emulsion, as well as the efficiency of astaxanthin delivery by the above three systems, and its internal mechanism was explained by monitoring its particle size distribution, charge characteristics and microscopic state changes during the digestion process. The results showed that after 20 d storage of the DHA algae oil double-layer emulsion, the particle size and Zeta-potential of the double-layer emulsion without Ca2+ decreased from 10.4 μm to 4.3 μm, from -23 mV to -33 mV, respectively, but for the double-layer emulsion with 0.4% Ca2+ addition，the particle size and Zeta-potential did not change significantly, the emulsion droplets were evenly distributed, and there was no delamination, flocculation, or sedimentation.After 20 d storage of the DHA algae oil double-layer emulsion, the Turbiscan anti-gravity stability index (TSI) of the Ca2+-added double-layer emulsion was significantly improved compared with the non-Ca2+-added double-layer emulsion. During the simulated digestion process of the three emulsion systems, the release of free fatty acids in the three systems was 68.88%, 50.84% and 52.32% respectively, and the bioavailability of astaxanthin in the simulated digestion process was 47.42%, 1254% and 9.66%, respectively. It shows that the addition of Ca2+ is beneficial to the stable storage of the DHA algae oil double-layer emulsion, but has a certain retarding effect on the release of fatty acids and astaxanthin during the digestion. The research results provide an important theoretical basis for designing a targeted delivery system

南瓜籽甾醇对大鼠前列腺增生及抗氧化能力的影响Effect of pumpkin seed sterol on benign prostatic hyperplasia and antioxidant capacity of rats

将提取纯化的南瓜籽甾醇作用于丙酸睾酮诱导构建的前列腺增生大鼠模型，研究其对大鼠前列腺增生及抗氧化能力的影响。将50只雄性SD大鼠分为对照组，模型组，南瓜籽甾醇高、中、低剂量组，实验结束后分别测定其前列腺湿重、前列腺指数（PI）、前列腺酸性磷酸酶（PACP）活性及抗氧化指标中的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）水平、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量，同时对前列腺组织形态进行切片观察。结果表明：与模型组相比，南瓜籽甾醇高剂量组的前列腺湿重、PI、PACP活性与MDA含量显著降低，并且南瓜籽甾醇中、高剂量组的T-AOC水平、SOD活性显著升高。以上指标的变化均呈现出南瓜籽甾醇高剂量组优于中剂量组的趋势。同时，与模型组相比，南瓜籽甾醇中、高剂量组大鼠前列腺组织细胞受损状况均有所改善，南瓜籽甾醇高剂量组的改善效果更明显。因此，南瓜籽甾醇在一定程度上具有改善大鼠前列腺增生及提高大鼠前列腺组织的抗氧化能力的作用。 The extracted and purified pumpkin seed sterol was used to feed the rats with benign prostate hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate to study its effect on the benign prostate hyperplasia and antioxidant capacity of rats. 50 Male SD rats were divided into control group, model group, high, medium and low dose groups of pumpkin seed sterol. After the experiment, the prostate wet weight, prostate index (PI), and levels of prostatic acid phosphatase (PACP), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured, the morphology of prostate tissue was observed simultaneously. The results showed that compared with the model group, the wet weight, PI, PACP activities, and MDA content of the high dose group of pumpkin seed sterol significantly decreased, and the T-AOC level and SOD activity in the midium and high dose groups of pumpkin seed sterol significantly increased. All of the above changes showed a trend of high dose group of pumpkin seed sterol better than medium dose group. At the same time, the prostate tissue cell damages of rats in medium and high dose groups of the pumpkin seed sterol were improved compared with the model group, and high dose group of the pumpkin seed sterol had the most obvious effect. This indicated that pumpkin seed sterol improved the prostate hyperplasia in rats to some extent and improved the antioxidant capacity of rat prostate tissue

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel