Study on the high through-put screening of surfactant-producing algicidal bacteria and optimization of its fermentation conditions

赤潮是一种严重的全球性海洋灾害，它会造成严重的生态、资源、环境问题和重大的经济损失。近年来，赤潮发生次数增多，发生区域扩大，赤潮危害加剧。因此，寻求有效的赤潮防治方法成为当务之急。海洋细菌在赤潮生消过程中有着极其重要的作用，而细菌杀藻现象的发现也为微生物防治赤潮提供了新的可能途径，“菌藻关系”研究已经成为当前赤潮研究的重点和热点。 本论文选取典型有害赤潮藻——锥状斯氏藻（Scrippsiellatrochoidea）作为主要研究藻种，基于高通量培养-筛选方法，从实验室保存的东海海域赤潮高发区分离菌株中筛选到能产表面活性物质的3株海洋杀藻细菌。研究了其中1株杀藻菌发酵条件，并对其分泌的杀藻表面...Harmful algal blooms （HABs） is a serious global marine disaster. It causes a series of ecological, resource, environmental problem and major economic losses. The apparent increasing occurrence of HABs throughout the world has led to extensive researches to mitigate the blooms. As a result, some management strategies have been developed. Outbreak and termination of HABs in marine environment was af...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院_微生物学学号：2172009115214

Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reaction of Ketenes

E-mail: [email protected][中文摘要]重点从立体选择性和催化机理方面,总结了不同的有机小分子催化剂在烯酮的[2+2]和[4+2]不对称环加成反应中的应用.[英文摘要]In this review,organocatalytic asymmetric [2+2] and [4+2] cycloaddition reactions of ketenes are summarized with emphasis on the selectivities and mechanisms of different catalysts.国家自然科学基金(No.20902075);福建省自然科学基金(No.2009J05037);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(No.20090121120007);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项

Research on Influence of Drilling and Blasting Method on Structures Nearby During Tunnel Excavation

采用钻爆法开挖隧道时,爆破振动将不可避免地对临近构筑物产生影响。文章以贵州盘兴高速上坡地隧道为研究背景,对该隧道施工方案及爆破振动计算原理进行了分析,通过LS-DYNA建立了该隧道的计算模型,模拟了隧道中药包爆炸过程,计算分析出岩体的受力及位移情况;研究爆炸产生的振动冲击波下输电塔的响应特征,提出隧道不同区段的爆破开挖优化设计方案,为类似工程提供参考和技术支撑。Drilling and blasting method are widely used in the excavation of tunnel, vibration induced by blasting inevitably influences the structures nearby. Taking Shangpodi tunnel of Panxing highway in Guizhou province as research background, this paper analyzes the tunnel construction scheme and calculation model of blasting vibration, and creates finite element model of the tunnel by LS-DYNA to simulate the explosion process of tunnel. Stress and displacement field of the surrounding rock arecalculated and analyzed. The response characteristics of transmission tower under vibration shock wave are studied, and the optimum design scheme of blasting excavation in different sections of tunnel is obtained, which could provide reference and technical support for similar projects

Study on diatom in ballast water of pelagic vessels

应用新型压舱水采样器采集了5艘进入厦门港的国际远洋船舶14个压舱水水样,通过对样品中硅藻的分析、鉴定,共发现硅藻37属111种(包括变种和休止孢子),其中赤潮种28种,潜在有毒种1种,非本海域种6种:STEPHArOPyXIS TurrIS;CHAETOCErOS COnVOluTS;C.CrInITuS;C.AurIVIllIIS;C.nEOCOMPACTuM;C.SubSAlSuM。各样品中硅藻丰度值在0.08x103/l~5.96x103/l之间,种类数(已定种)在6~36之间。结合硅藻组成和丰度可以推断压舱水的可能交换地。与前人的研究结果对比反映出压舱水可能导致新的外来有害生物入侵的潜在危害性,相关职能部门应加强压舱水的监管工作。14 ballast water samples were collected by a new sampling instrument from five pelagic vessels which have been and clean frequently in Xiamen Harbor.According to analyzing and identifying the species and the abundances of diatom in the samples,37 genus 111 species diatoms(containing varieties and hypnospore) were discovered,which included 28 kinds of red tidal species,one kind of latent toxic species,and 6 kinds of non-native species,such as Stepharopyxis turris;Chaetoceros convoluts;C.crinitus;C.aurivilliis;C.neocompactum;C.subsalsum.The abundances of diatom in each sample ranged from 0.08×103/L to 5.96×103/L,and specie's numbers(identified species)of them were amongst 6 to 36.Based on the diatoms assemble with abundance,the possible position of ballast water's change can be deduced.The discharge of ballast water may cause the potential hazards of new exotic harmful organism's invasion.The results of comparisons between this investigation and previous studies on ballast water can provide scientific base for the related government departments,so that it should strengthen the management on the ballast water.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40306018);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAC11B04

Metal Oxide Application on Thin Film Solar Cells

太阳能电池是解决能源衰竭和环境污染问题的有效途径之一。在太阳能电池薄膜化发展过程中,金属氧化物因为工艺简单、清洁环保及优良的能带结构成为极具潜力的光伏材料,广泛用于制作各种结构薄膜电池。本文从结构、制备工艺及光电转换效率等方面综述了TI O2、zn O及铜氧化物材料在薄膜太阳能电池的应用研究现状,讨论了各种材料光伏性能的影响因素,并分析了各自的发展趋势及应用前景。Solar cells provide a feasible way to relieve energy crisis and prevent the environment pollution.In the process of developing thin film solar cells,metal oxides are proved as one of the most promising photovoltaic materials due to the simple processing technology,clean,green and the desired band- gap,and they have been widely used on different kinds of thin film solar cells.The research on current application of Ti O2,Zn O and Cux O were introduced from structure,preparation and conversion efficiency of the cell,and the influence factors on photovoltaic property,the future developments and potential applications of each materials were discussed.国家自然科学基金(批准号:61203176); 福建省自然科学基金(批准号:2011J05154;2013J05098

Material and Energy Conversion of Integrated 100,t/a-Scale Bio-Jet Fuel-Range Hydrocarbon Production System via Aqueous Conversion of Biomass

以农业废弃物生物质为原料，利用水相转化技术，进行了百吨/年规模生物航油类烃(C8~C15)合成试运行.过程中采用两步酸解法分别将玉米秸秆中半纤维素和纤维素转化为糠醛和乙酰丙酸，作为生物质基平台化合物.在碱性条件下糠醛与乙酰丙酸经Aldol缩合反应实现碳链增长，生成的长链含氧中间体经过低温预加氢、高温加氢脱氧及精制，生成C8~C15范围内液态烃，可作为生物航油组分.以试运行实验结果为基础，进行了过程的物质与能量转化分析.结果表明，该路线获得液态烃类的基本性质满足合成航油ASTM-7566标准要求，并充分利用了原料中纤维素和半纤维素组分，是一条基于生物质的长链液态烃合成路线，1t航油约需10~12t干基玉米秸秆

一株高效抑藻放线菌的分离筛选及鉴定

从福建云霄国家红树林自然保护区滩涂沉积物样品中,共分离获得521株纯培养物.通过检测球形棕囊藻(Pha-eocystis globosa)荧光强度计算抑藻率,从521株菌中筛选到27株具有抑藻活性的菌株.在27株抑藻菌中,菌株O3-26对球形棕囊藻具有最高的抑藻率(高达96.71%).菌株O3-26的抑藻谱实验显示,该菌株抑藻活性表现出一定的种属特异性,对硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)的三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)2株测试藻株没有抑制作用,而对绿藻门(Chlorophyta)盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)和自养小球藻(Chlorella autotrophi-ca)2株藻株具有较强抑藻作用.扫描电镜观察显示,该菌株孢子丝直至螺旋状且孢子表面带刺.生理生化实验显示,该菌株在所得到的大多数培养基上生长良好,在营养琼脂培养基中可以产生水溶性色素;不能在棉子糖作为唯一碳源的培养基上生长.16SrRNA基因相似性分析表明,菌株O3-26属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces),并与灭癌素链霉菌(Streptomycesgancidicus)15412菌株具有最高的同源性(99%).生理生化实验表明,二者之间生理特征存在一定差异.综合形态特征、生理特征以及系统发育分析的结果,鉴定该菌株为灭癌素链霉菌

Mo/HZSM-5基甲烷非氧化脱氢芳构化催化剂的TPD及TPR研究

在Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５基甲烷非氧化脱氢芳构化催化剂中加入促进剂ＺｎＳＯ４，使该催化剂的活性和操作稳定性大为改善．对非促进的Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５和促进型的Ｍｏ－ＺｎＳＯ４／ＨＺＳＭ－５甲烷芳构化催化剂的ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ研究结果表明，促进剂ＺｎＳＯ４的加入大大提高了催化剂表面的Ｂ－酸位浓度；这种Ｂ－酸位能较稳定地存在于催化剂表面，不易流失；催化剂表面高浓度Ｂ－酸位的稳定存在是其甲烷非氧化脱氢催化活性显著提高的关键因素．Ｈ２－ＴＰＲ结果显示，过高的焙烧温度不仅不利于维持催化剂的表面酸性位（尤其是Ｂ－酸位）的浓度，还可能导致催化剂表面Ｍｏ物种的聚集和ＭｏＯ３微晶的生成，使同一Ｍｏ负载量的催化剂中可还原至较低价态的Ｍｏ物种所占比例下降

载体硅烷化改性对W/MCM-22催化剂上甲烷脱氢芳构化反应性能的影响

用正硅酸乙脂(TEOS)和三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)为硅烷化试剂,分别对MCM-22分子筛进行表面改性处理,考察其对所担载W/MCM-22基催化剂上甲烷脱氢芳构化(DHAM)反应性能的影响,结果表明,TEOS或TMCS对MCM-22分子筛载体的硅烷化处理主要导致分子筛外表面最强和最弱的表面酸性位被消去,分子筛孔道内的B酸位(芳构化中心)几不受影响;在DHAM反应化学上表现为:CH4转化率大体持平,但芳烃选择性明显上升,催化剂的结焦/积碳速率有所减缓,单程操作寿命明显延长.在经硅烷化处理的8%W-0.6%Zn/MCM-22催化剂上,苯选择性最高达73.1 C%(相应甲烷转化率为15.3%),是未经硅烷化处理相应参比样(61.3 C%)的~1.2倍,单程操作寿命从300 min延长至470 min(就同等芳烃产率水平而言);类似的结果在Mo促进的W/MCM-22体系上也观察到.经硅烷化改性催化剂上可溶性积炭主要是分子量较低(在200~400范围)的饱和脂肪烃聚合物,而未经硅烷化处理参比样的可溶性积炭分子量多在500以上