Observations of mole fractions and isotope ratios of the atmospheric greenhouse gases

第8回極域科学シンポジウム/特別セッション：[S] 先端的技術で切り開く極域科学 －極域観測における計測、分析、解析の最前線－12月7日（木）国立極地研究所 2階大会議室The Eighth Symposium on Polar Science/Special session: [S] Polar science developed by leading-edge technology - on the frontiers of measurement and analysis in polar science -Thu. 7 Dec./2F Auditorium, National Institute of Polar Researc

High-precision continuous measurement of the atmospheric O2/N2 ratio at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

第4回極域科学シンポジウム横断セッション：[IA] 「急変する北極気候システム及びその全球的な影響の総合的解明」―GRENE北極気候変動研究事業研究成果報告2013―11月12日（火） 国立極地研究所 ２階大会議

スバールバル ショトウ ニーオルスン ニオケル タイキチュウ O_2/N_2 ヒ カンソク ノタメニ カイハツ サレタ コウセイド レンゾク ソクテイ システム ト ショキ カンソク ケッカ

スバールバル諸島ニーオルスンにおける大気中O_2/N_2 比の時間変動を明らかにするため,±4.0 per meg 以内の精度で連続測定できるシステムを新たに開発した.観測サイトが遠隔地にあることを考慮し,(1) インターネットを利用して日本からシステムを起動・停止できる,(2)システムから出力されるデータはインターネットを介して日本で監視・取得できる,(3)スターリングクーラーを利用した大気試料の除湿装置を開発し,水トラップの保守を自動化する,(4)CO_2 濃度も同時に測定できる,(5)標準ガスや参照ガスのシリンダーを交換することなく1 年間の連続測定を可能にするといった点に特に注意を払った.このシステムを用いた系統的観測を2012 年11 月8 日に開始した.観測開始後の1 カ月間に取得したデータを解析することによって,本システムの有効性を明らかにするとともに,観測された特徴的なO_2/N_2 比の時間変動について原因を考察した.With the aim of carrying out detailed monitoring of temporal variations in the atmospheric O_2/N_2 ratio at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, we have developed a new highprecision continuous measurement system, with a precision of better than ±4.0 per meg, using a fuel-cell O_2 analyzer. Considering the remoteness of the observation site, special attention was paid to the measurement system, in that: (1) the system can be controlled remotely from Japan using the Internet; (2) all of the data output from the system can be monitored and collected in Japan via the Internet; (3) a specially designed water trap based on a Stirling cooler is employed to automate the removal of water vapor from the sample air; (4) the CO_2 concentration can also be measured; and (5) it is possible to operate the system for one year without having to manually replace the high-pressure cylinders of standard gas and reference air. Systematic observation of the atmospheric O_2/N_2 ratio using the newly developed measurement system began at the site on November 8, 2012. By analyzing the observational results obtained over the first month, the effectiveness of the measurement system was verified, and the causes of cha acteristic temporal variations in the observed atmospheric O_2/N_2 ratio were examined

Therapeutic effects comparison between platelet-rich plasma and sodium hyaluronate intra-articular injection in treatment of knee osteoarthritis

目的关节腔内注射自体富血小板血浆（PRP）与透明质酸钠（SH）,观察并比较其疗效。方法于2012年2月至12月,漳州市解放军第175医院骨科收治的81例Kellgren-Lawrence（KL）分级标准为Ⅱ、Ⅲ级膝关节骨关节炎的患者,年龄48～60岁,平均（52.6±3.6）岁;男性27例,女性53例;左膝38例,右膝43例。K-L分级标准,Ⅱ级47例,Ⅲ级34例,按就诊顺序序贯随机平行分为SH组（40例）和PRP组（41例）,分别采用SH和PRP关节腔内注射进行治疗。治疗前和治疗后3、6、9、12个月对患者进行随访并进行美国西部Ontario与Mc Master大学骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）评分评估,两组间各时间点WOMAC评分比较采用t检验,两组内各时间点WOMAC评分比较采用重复测量方差分析;分别于治疗前和治疗后12个月进行膝关节磁共振检查,评价关节腔内积液的吸收情况。结果治疗前及治疗后3个月PRP组WOMAC评分[（48.42±4.95）分,（25.38±5.12）分]和SH组[（47.17±5.12）分,（25.17±5.09）分]比较,t值分别为-0.625和0.413,差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）;治疗后6、9、12个月PRP组WOMAC评分[（21.44±4.73）分,（20.54±4.46）分,（16.53±7.35）分]和SH组[（25.87±5.16）分,（27.22±4.21）分,（29.63±8.21）分]比较,PRP组低于SH组,t值分别为-2.765、-3.447和-4.657,差异具有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）,治疗后12个月复查磁共振,可见PRP组的关节积液吸收例数高于SH组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论膝关节腔内注射自体PRP,临床效果优于透明质酸钠,中长期疗效好。Objective To compare the efficacy of platelet rich plasma （PRP） and sodium hyaluronate （SH） intra-articular injection in the patients with knee osteoarthritis of grade Ⅱand Ⅲ. Methods A total of 81 patients with knee osteoarthritis of grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ （ Kellgren-Lawrence standard） were randomly assigned to the PRP and SH group. All 81 patients were treated in the 175th hospital of PLA, Zhangzhon, with the average age of （52.6 ± 3.6） years. There were 27 males and 53 females. Forty cases in SH group and 41 cases in PRP group had got the complete follow-up. Both the two groups adopted 4 ml of 5% lidocaine for intra-articular injection. All the patients were prospectively evaluated before the treatment and at the 34 , 6th , 9th and 12th month after the treatment by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities （WOMAC） osteoarthritis index. The swelling subsiding knee was observed. Between the two groups WOMAC scores were compared using t test at each time point, within the groups the scores were compared by repeated measures analysis of variance. The absorption of accumulated fluid in the joint cavity was observed and compared by MRI before and 12 months after the treatment. Results No serious adverse event was detected in the two groups. According to the follow-up evaluations, both the groups presented clinical improvements. The comparison between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference before therapy and three months after the treatment （ t =- 0. 625, 0. 413, P 〉 0. 05 ）. Six months, nine months and 12 months after the treatment, WOMAC score in the PRP group[ （21.44 ±4. 73）, （20. 54 ± 4. 46） ,（16. 53 ± 7. 35 ） pointsl were lower than the SH group[（25.87 ±5.16）, （27.22 ±4.21）, （29. 63 ± 8.21 ） points] ; the difference was statistically signifieant（ t = - 2. 765, - 3. 447, - 4. 657, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion PRP intra-artieular injection in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis of gradeⅡ and Ⅲ may be more suitable compared to南京军区医学科技创新重点课题项目（15ZD027

Monitoring of the atmospheric greenhouse gases at Syowa Station, Antarctica

第7回極域科学シンポジウム/特別セッション：[S] 「南極地域観測第Ⅷ期から第Ⅸ期6か年計画に向けて」12月1日（木）国立極地研究所 1階交流アトリウ

3Dバイオプリンタでつなぐ関節治療の再生医工学研究と関節鏡手術シミュレータ研究の融合

　We performed the following two preliminary trials which are connected with a 3D bioprinting technology in this study. The first one was to seek which soft tissues from the knee joint can provide mesenchymal stem cells for a tissue-engineered cartilage. For this study, we investigated relative values of three genetic markers by the mesenchymal stem cells from the above soft tissues. Thus, we found an efficacy of the above soft tissues for the cell section for the regenerative medicine around the knee joint. The second one was to investigate mechanical properties of the soft tissues for the future regenerative therapy and/or the development of surgical simulator for arthroscopy using a developed probing device or classical experimental instruments. Thus, we found some mechanical parameters of the soft tissues for the regenerative medicine when making them with the 3D bioprinter

Contributions of regional boreal wetlands to atmospheric CH4 variations at Churchill (Canada) estimated from carbon and hydrogen isotope measurements

第7回極域科学シンポジウム/横断セッション:[IA] ニーオルスン観測拠点設立25周年記念横断セッション—北極域の科学（ニーオルスン、GRENE、ArCS)—12月2日（金）国立極地研究所1階交流アトリウ

Successful management of preoperatively diagnosed torsion of a subserosal uterine fibroid by pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic single-port surgery

Objective: Preoperative diagnosis and successful management of acute torsion of a subserosal fibroid by using appropriate imaging modalities and single-port laparoscopic surgery. Case report: A 44-year-old nulliparous woman presented with lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with contrast enhancement revealed a tumor in the pouch of Douglas with a low contrast at the center and thin-rim enhancement. Torsion of a uterine subserosal fibroid was diagnosed preoperatively. Laparoscopic single-port surgery by pneumoperitoneum was performed. Torsion of the pedicle attached to the uterine wall was excised by bipolar coagulation and cut with scissors. The extirpated fibroid was extracted from the umbilical wound. The pneumoperitoneum single-port laparoscopic surgery was completed as a gynecologic emergency operation. Conclusion: Torsional uterine fibroids are difficult to diagnose preoperatively as symptoms are nonspecific and need emergent surgical management as an acute abdomen. Preoperative diagnosis using appropriate imaging modalities is important to perform single-port laparoscopic surgery