Study on mechanism of lead biosorption by phanerochaete chrysosporium

[中文文摘]通过电子显微镜观察和X 射线光电子能谱测定等分析手段研究了黄孢原毛平革菌 (Phanerochaetechrysosporium)对Pb2 +生物吸附的机理 .实验结果表明 ,该菌种对Pb2 + 的吸附过程是一个以表面络合反应为主要机理的物理化学吸附过程 ,同时也存在着离子交换机理,但它并非主要机理。[英文文摘]Phanerochaete chrysosporium exhibited lead adsorption capacity from aqueous solution up to 108 45 mg/g The biosorption mechanism was researched by the electron micrograph and X rays Photoelectron Spectra The experimental results showed that the main mechanism of lead biosorption was kind of physical chemical process, and metal ions were adsorbed directly on the cell surfaces In addition to surface complex reaction, ion exchange also played a role in the biosorption process, but it was not a main mechanism.国家教委留学回国人员科研启动基

The Effects of Physical and Chemical Conditions on Forming Mycelial Pellet of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Biosorption of Lead

[中文文摘]为了探讨影响微生物菌丝球生长的物理化学因素和控制菌丝球大小的规律以及微生物吸附重金属的效果，对黄孢展齿革菌（Ｐｈａｎｅｒｏｃｈａｅｔｅｃｈｒｙｓｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ）呈球状体生长和用此菌丝球吸附水溶液中的Ｐｂ２＋进行了研究．实验结果表明，在培养液ｐＨ值为４．５，孢子悬液浓度为１０６个／ｍｌ，表面活性剂吐温８０的浓度为０．１％，高碳氮和摇床转速为１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ的条件下，于３９℃下培养３ｄ，形成直径在１．５—１．７ｍｍ范围内的菌丝球，光滑均匀，具有一定机械强度，对Ｐｂ２＋的吸附能力最强．用０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮａＯＨ溶液处理该菌丝球，对２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的铅溶液的吸附率达到了９５％以上，表明用该菌丝球吸附水溶液中的Ｐｂ２＋是可行的．[英文文摘]The research on the growth of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the form of pellet was made in this paper to examine the effects of physical and chemical conditions on the formation of mycelial pellets.The experimental results showed that the microorganism pellets of smooth surface,even size(diameter)and good mechanical properties could be obtained at the follwoing culture conditions:pH4 5,10 6 spores/ml in inoculum,01% Tween 80 in medium,high C/N and on the shaker of 150r/min for 3d.Using P. ch ry sosp orium m ycelial pellet s in the bio sorption of Pb2+ from aqueou s solution, the up take reached the maximum when the diam eter of pellet w as in the range of 115—117mm. W hen the pellet s w ere p ret reated by bo iling in 012mo löL N aOH fo r 40m in, the Pb2+ up take w as far h igher than the pellets without pret reatm en t, and the removal efficiency could reach above 95%. The research results showed that the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution by P. chrysosp oriumm ycelial pellets was practical.国家教委留学回国人员科研启动基

Research on Biosorption of Pb 2+ by Phanerochaete

含重金属的废水是当代主要的环境污染之一随着电镀制革防腐及染料 等工业的发展,含重金属废水的排放量越来越大,废水中铅镉铜锌等重金 属的浓度不断升高,而且由于重金属可通过食物链而积累,导致人体慢性中毒, 引发各种病变,所以它们已构成对生态环境和人类健康日益严重的威胁因此含 重金属废水的处理已成为环保领域中越来越突出的问题 重金属废水的传统处理方法有化学沉淀法[1,2],离子交换法[3],吸附法[4,5],电 解法凝聚法膜分离法氧化还原法[6]和铁氧体法[7]等这些方法虽然也能达 到一定的净化效果,但因处理不完全操作复杂成本较高后处理繁琐易造 成二次污染而不够理想尤其是当用于处理10...Industrial wastewater releasing into the environment from the mining industry and metal plating factories and other sources usually contains dissolved heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, copper and zinc. These heavy metals can be accumulatedthrough the food chain. If they are discharged without treatment, they may pose a serious threat to the environment, animals and human beings. The efficient...学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：19953300

RESEARCH ADVANCES IN BIOSORPTION of HEAVY METALS

本文综述了重金属生物吸附的机理、影响生物吸附的物理化学因素和生理条件、生物吸附动力学、生物吸附过程的数学模型化、生物细胞的固定化和从生物量上回收被吸附的重金属等方面的研究进展。In recent years, many studies on treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals by biosorption have been conducted.This paper reviews the progress of study on biosorption process of heavy metals, including biosorption mechanisms, effect of physical-chemical factors and physiological conditions, biosorption kinetics and modeling.Immobilization of biomass and the ways to recover heavy metals adsorbed on biomass are also discussed

Desorption of Pb~(2+) From Phanerochaete chrysosporium Pellets

[中文文摘]报道了Ｐｂ２＋从黄孢展齿革菌菌丝球上的解吸特性．实验结果表明ＨＣｌ、ＨＮＯ３、ＮａＣｌ、Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３、ＥＤＴＡ和柠檬酸都是有效的解吸剂，以硝酸的解吸效果为最好．考察了解吸剂浓度、解吸剂用量、解吸时间对解吸效果的影响，当硝酸浓度为 ０．１ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，解吸时间为 １０ ｈ，解吸剂用量为 ５０ ｍＬ时，解吸效果最好，解吸率达９８％以上．菌丝球重复使用四次，吸附性能没有明显变化。[英文文摘]The desorption of Pb2+from the mycelial pellets of Phanerochaete chrysosporium with Ph2+ adsorbed on it was investigated. Pb2+ could be easily desorpted by water solution of HCl, HNO,,NaCl,Na2S2O3, EDTA and citric acid among which HNO3 is the best eluent. The effects on desorption of eluent concentration,desorption time and eluent volume were examined. The biggest Pb2+ desorption ratio of more than 98% could be obtained by putting the Pb2+ adsorbed pellets in 50 mL water solution of 0.1 mol/L HNO, and shaking for 10 h.During 4 biosorption circulations, the adsorption capacity of the biomass remainded nearly unchanged, around 95%.国家教委留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项

STUDIES ON BIOSORPTION OF Pb 2+ BY PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM

[中文文摘]含重金属废水的传统处理方法有化学沉淀法、离子交换法、吸附法、电解法和膜分离法等，它们虽然也能达到一定的净化效果，但因过程繁琐并易造成二次污染而不够理想，尤其是金属离子浓度较低时，往往操作费用和原材料成本相对过高。近年来采用生物吸附法去除废水中的重金属国外已有报道[1～2 ] ,而国 内较为少见。该法以其原材料来源丰富、成本低、吸附速度快、吸附量大、选择性好等优势受到越来越多的 重视。白腐真菌是一类担子真菌,在处理纸浆漂白废水及脱色方面有独特效果[3 ] 。但将该菌体以球形颗 粒的形式用于吸附废水中的重金属,目前国内尚未见报道。本文对此进行了探讨,取得了较满意的结果。[英文文摘]The biosorption of Pb 2+ from solution by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied. The effects on biosorption capacity of pH, Pb 2+ concentration in solution, co ion and temperature, time have been examined. The adsorption capacity was compared among the biomass harvested at various growth stages. Pretreatment of biomass by NaOH solution improved its adsorption capacity. The uptake could reach 108.4mg/g at optimal conditions of biosorption using pretreated biomass.国家教委留学回国人员科研启动基

武汉东湖上覆水和沉积物中磷形态的垂直分布特征

武汉东湖是有代表性的城市浅水型湖泊。于春、夏两季对东湖庙湖湖区的上覆水和沉积物柱状样品进行了磷的形态分析，研究了各种磷形态在上覆水及沉积物垂直方向上的分布特征。结果表明，春夏两季东湖上覆水总磷（TP）含量分别为1．11和1．25mg·L^-1，超过国家标准近6倍，富营养化程度严重。春季湖水中磷主要以颗粒态形式存在，夏季主要以溶解态形式存在。春季湖区沉积物中铁结合磷（Fe-P）比例最大，占沉积物TP的44．3％，夏季闭蓄磷（OcP）比例最大，占TP的36．3％，高比例的Fe-P从沉积物角度说明了庙湖湖区的污染程度严重。沉积物中不同磷形态在垂直方向上的分布变化规律复杂，其中TP、不稳态磷（LP）、铝结合磷（A1-P）和Fe-P含量随深度增加而降低，在表层0.10cm有富积现象。沉积物中TP含量与释放潜力较大的3种磷形态Al-P（r^2=0.83）、LP（r^2=0.84）和Fe-P（r^2=0.59）含量呈显著正相关（P〈0．0001），说明目前湖底沉积物中相当一部分磷是活性较大的磷，它可能成为水体营养物质的重要来源，造成持续的湖泊富营养化问题

武汉东湖上覆水和沉积物中磷形态的垂直分布特征

武汉东湖是有代表性的城市浅水型湖泊。于春、夏两季对东湖庙湖湖区的上覆水和沉积物柱状样品进行了磷的形态分析,研究了各种磷形态在上覆水及沉积物垂直方向上的分布特征。结果表明,春夏两季东湖上覆水总磷(TP)含量分别为1.11和1.25mg·L-1,超过国家标准近6倍,富营养化程度严重。春季湖水中磷主要以颗粒态形式存在,夏季主要以溶解态形式存在。春季湖区沉积物中铁结合磷(Fe-P)比例最大,占沉积物TP的44.3%,夏季闭蓄磷(OcP)比例最大,占TP的36.3%,高比例的Fe-P从沉积物角度说明了庙湖湖区的污

通气参数对通气空化影响的研究

对通气空化进行量纲分析,得到了影响通气空化的无量纲参数。通过数值模拟研究了与通气相关的两个重要无量纲数——通气与来流的质量流量之比、通气与来流的动量流量之比对通气空化的影响

高航速翼身融合航行体兴波阻力特性研究

翼身融合航行体的长宽比小,高航速条件下首尾波系干扰明显,呈现出与普通船体不同的水动力分布规律。采用基于隐式求解的VOF方法对高航速翼身融合航行体水面兴波阻力的特性进行数值模拟分析。结果表明,对于该形式的航行体而言,由于兴波波长与航行体长度相当,首尾波系干扰效应大。不同航速条件下,兴波阻力系数出现了波动的变化规律。在6 kn和10 kn速度时出现了极值。同时也采用了P理论来预测兴波阻力,预测结果和计算得到的兴波阻力变化规律较吻合