Ficus species resources in Xiamen,and energy ecology of some species

在充分调查了榕属植物资源的基础上，选择厦门地区园林绿化广泛应用的部分榕属植物，对其叶片发育与衰老过程的热值动态、叶片分解的物质和能量动态以及榕属植物电导率与抗寒性之间的关系等方面进行了研究，结果表明： 1、厦门地区栽培的榕属植物约69种（含引种）。 2、厦门市园林植物园的10种榕属植物具有较高的灰分含量，其中垂叶榕、大叶榕、小叶榕、黄金榕、无花果春秋两季的灰分含量均在10%以上；10种榕属植物叶的灰分含量具有不同的季节变化趋势。高山榕、橡皮树、大果榕的干重热值较高，均在20.20kJ/g以上；而大叶榕、垂叶榕、黄金榕、菩提树、无花果的干重热值较低，在19.0kJ/g以下；10种榕属植物中，...Based on the investigation of status of Ficus species resources in Xiamen city, some representative species were selected to be studied respectively on the Dynamics of caloric values during leaf development and senescence, dynamics of matter and energy during the decomposition of leaves, and relationship between cold resistance and conductance rate in this paper. The results will be beneficial for...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_生物化学与分子生物学学号：K20014500

Fig tree resources and their protection in Fujian Province

本文概述福建省榕树资源的分布和经济价值,并提出相应的保护策略。Distribution and economic value of fig tree resources in Fujian are described and some suggestions for protection are also put forward

Introduction of Xiamen Ficus Species Resources and Garden Applications

对厦门榕属植物资源的调查发现,该地区引种栽培的榕属植物约67种,榕属植物在厦门城市绿化中的作用十分显著。对城区131条道路绿化的调查表明,大叶榕和高山榕为骨干绿化树种,重要值均在6%以上。Based on the investigation, there are 67 Ficus species (including introduced species) in Xiamen City. Ficus species resources play the important role in afforestation of Xiamen City. Ficus laco and Ficus altissima are the key species of green trees in Xiamen City by the survey results of 131 roads and streets with the important values of above 6%.福建省建设厅及厦门市市政园林局资助项目(YK-2000-14

Physiological responses of three cultivar seedlings of Bougainvillea under drought stress

该研究对勤花三角梅(Bougainvillea buttiana Miss Manila')、樱花三角梅(B.glabra Imperial; Delight')和金心鸳鸯三角梅(B.peruviana; Thimma')三个三角梅品种的幼苗进行人工干旱胁迫,分析了干旱胁迫对三角梅品种的外观形态和生理生化水平的影响,探讨了不同品种三角梅对干旱胁迫的; 适应能力。结果表明:随着干旱时间的延长,三角梅品种的叶片出现下垂、皱缩、变黄、脱落,最后植株死亡;过氧化物酶POD活性先升高后降低,而超氧化物歧; 化酶SOD活性则逐渐降低,降低速度因品种而异;qP值降低、qN值升高、PSⅡ反应中心光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)均呈现; 降低。该研究结果为三角梅的栽培应用和品种选择提供了依据。Seedlings of Bougainvillea buttiana Miss Manila', B.glabra Imperial; Delight' and B.peruviana Thimma' were treated to study the physiological; responses under drought stress.The results showed that the plant leaves; began to droop, gradually shrink, yellow in color, and fell off, all of; the treatment seedlings died finally under the long drought.The results; showed that the peroxidase activities(POD) were increased at beginning,; and decreased finally, while the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities; were gradual decreased, but the reduction rates were different in the; three cultivar seedlings.The research on chlorophyll fluorescence; parameters showed that qP value was decreased, while qN value was; increased, and the photochemical efficiency of PSⅡreaction center(Fv/Fm); and potential activity of PS Ⅱ(Fv/Fo) were decreased under drought; stress.This study provides information for breeding application and; choosing ulltivars of Bougainvillea.厦门市科学技术局资助项

Responses of Bougainvillea to Salt Stress

长期盐胁迫处理实验表明,随着nA Cl浓度增加,不同三角梅品种的地上部和地下部生物量均呈下降趋势。与对照相比,盐浓度为5%时,勤花三角梅生物量下降幅度最小,为27.94%;樱花三角梅下降最大,为67.03%。当盐浓度为4%时,樱花三角梅、白苞三角梅和勤花三角梅的光量子产量分别为0.36、0.30和0.36,分别为对照的78.23%、79.64%和74.82%;金心鸳鸯三角梅的光量子产量为0.05,仅为对照的15.53%。白苞三角梅的光化学猝灭系数Q P值随着盐浓度的升高无明显变化;金心鸳鸯三角梅、勤花三角梅和樱花三角梅的Q P值随着盐浓度的升高而降低。4个三角梅品种的抗盐胁迫能力为:白苞三角梅>樱花三角梅>勤花三角梅>金心鸳鸯三角梅。The long-term Na Cl salt stress experiments showed that with the increasing of Na Cl concentration, shoot and root biomass of different Bougainvillea cultivars were decreased.At 5% Na Cl concentration, biomass of ‘Miss Manila' had the least decline of 27.94%; however, ‘Imperial Delight' had the largest decline of 67.03%, compared with the control.When the Na Cl concentration was 4%, the quantum yield of ‘Imperial Delight', ‘Shubhra' and ‘Miss Manila' were 0.36, 0.30 and 0.36, with 78.23%, 79.64% and 74.82% of the control, respectively; the quantum yield of ‘Thimma' was 0.05, only 15.53% of the control.With the increasing of Na Cl concentration, photochemical quenching coefficient q P of ‘Shubhra' had no obvious change; but q P value of ‘Thimma', ‘Miss Manila' and ‘Imperial Delight' decreased significantly.The resistance ability to Na Cl salt stress of four Bougainvillea cultivars was ‘Shubhra' > ‘Imperial Delight'> ‘Miss Manila' > ‘Thimma'.厦门市科学技术局项目(3502Z20124013

Monthly changes in caloric values of five shrubby Palmae species leaves

对 5种丛生状棕榈植物—欧洲棕、细叶棕竹、小箬棕、玲珑椰子、缨络椰子的叶片热值和灰分含量的月变化进行了研究 .结果表明 ,5种植物具有较高的灰分含量 ,但灰分含量的月变化趋势各不相同 ;欧洲棕、细叶棕竹、小箬棕 3种植物干重热值的月变化趋势有些差异 ,同属的缨络椰子、玲珑椰子干重热值的月变化趋势基本相似 ;缨络椰子、小箬棕的干重热值与灰分含量具有显著的线性相关 (P 0 0 5 ) ;从去灰分热值的月变化来看 ,细叶棕竹与小箬棕 ,缨络椰子与玲珑椰子的月变化趋势相似 . 【英文摘要】 Studies on the monthly changes in the ash contents and caloric values of 5 shrubby Palmae species(Chamaerops humilis,Rhapis gracilis,Sabal minor,Chamaedorea cataractarum,Chamaedorea brachypoda)leaves showed that annual average ash content of the five shrubby species was 4.87%±1.37% for Chamaerops humilis,8 33%±0.89% for Rhapis gracilis,7.85%±2.64% for Sabal minor,9.20%±1.35% for Chamaedorea cataractarum,and 12.42%±1.78% for Chamaedorea brachypoda.The monthly changes of gross caloric value were different fo...国家建设部和厦门市政园林局资助项目 (YK 2 0 0 0 0 5

Introduction and Maintenance of Camphor Tree (Cinnamomum glanduliferum) in Xiamen

本文以邓小平在厦门市园林植物园的手植树为例,对云南樟的生物学特性、资源分布及在厦门地区的引种情况进行分析,认为:厦门植物园内云南樟生长异常的重要原因是根系活动环境恶化;厦门南亚热带海岛气候条件是导致其速生、提前衰老的主要原因之一,并提出相应的养护管理措施。Taking the camphor tree(Cinnamomum glanduliferum) planted by Mr.Deng Xiao-ping in Xiamen Botanical Garden as example,the biological characteristics,original distribution and introduction of Cinnamomum glanduliferum in Xiamen were investigated.The results showed that the worsening soil environment had severely limited the activity of tree roots and had a adverse effect on the growth of C.glanduliferum.The south-subtropical island climate is one of the main factors resulting in the fast growing and earlier senescence of camphor tree.Some suggestions for maintenance are also put forward

The Changes in Ca~(2+) level and ultrastructure in the Leaf Cells of Garyota urens L. under Low Temperature Stress

用焦锑酸钙沉淀的电镜细胞化学方法 ,研究了低温胁迫下董棕 (GaryotaurensL .)幼苗叶肉细胞内Ca2 + 水平的变化。研究结果表明 ,未经低温处理的董棕幼苗叶肉细胞 ,焦锑酸钙沉淀颗粒大量出现在液泡和细胞间隙中 ,细胞壁中也可见少量沉淀 ,而细胞基质中则看不到焦锑酸钙沉淀 ;经 2℃ 48h低温处理后 ,细胞基质和细胞膜上焦锑酸钙沉淀增加 ,而液泡和细胞间隙中的焦锑酸钙沉淀则显著减少 ,并且超微结构已初步显示出寒害的特征 ,叶绿体外膜部分破损 ,类囊体片层稀疏且排列不规则 ,光合速率明显下降等 ;经 2℃ 1 2 0h低温处理后 ,细胞间隙内的焦锑酸钙沉淀极少 ,有的也紧贴在细胞外壁上 ,而细胞基质和细胞膜上则分布有非常多的焦锑酸钙沉淀 ,在核基质和液泡中也可见到少量的焦锑酸钙沉淀 ,并且超微结构遭到了显著破坏 ,叶绿体结构完全被破坏 ,核膜与液泡膜严重破损 ,内部结构模糊 ,细胞只表现为呼吸作用 ,不进行光合作用。表明Ca2 + 的区域性分布的变化与植物抗寒性存在一定关系。The changes in Ca 2+ localization in the leaf cells of Garyota urens L. under chilling stress were investigated with calcium antimonate precipitate_electromicroscopic_cytochemical methods. When Garyota urens L. grew on the normal temperature, it was shown that the deposits of calcium antimonate being the indicator for Ca 2+ localization mainly concentrated within the vacuoles and intercellular spaces and there was also some Ca 2+ deposits in cell walls. But when Garyota urens L. was treated by the temperature of 2℃ for 48 h, the level of Ca 2+ increased in cytoplasm and plasma membrane, but decreased in vacuoles and intercellular spaces considerably. At the same time, the ultrastructure of chloroplasts suffered from chilling: the membrane of chloroplasts had been damaged, the layer of thylakoids was exiguous and unclear, the photosynthetic rate decreased evidently. And when Garyota urens L. was treated by the temperature of 2℃ for 120 h, the deposits of Ca 2+ mainly concentrated within the cytoplasm, nucleus and plasma membrane and there was also some Ca 2+ deposits in vacuoles, and the ultrastructure of some cells was simultaneously damaged severely: Chloroplasts structure, vacuole membrane and nuclear membrane had been damaged fully, the structure within the cell had become unclear, and the cell only have respiration. Thus it can be seen that there are some relations between the changes in Ca 2+ distribution within the cell and plant cold_hardiness.国家建设部及厦门市建委资助项

Monthly changes in the caloric values of the leaves of four shrubby and four tree-dwelling palmae species

对 4种灌木状棕榈植物 (香棕、袖珍椰子、棕竹、江边刺葵 )与 4种乔木状棕榈植物 (假槟榔、董棕、国王椰子、大王椰子 )叶的热值和灰分含量的月变化进行了研究。结果表明 :( 1 ) 8种植物叶的灰分含量存在差异且具有不同的月变化 ;从灰分含量的比较看 ,乔木类的 4种植物叶平均灰分含量分别为 :假槟榔 1 3.64%± 2 .94%、董棕 9.74%± 1 .90 %、国王椰子 9.1 2 %± 1 .1 8%、大王椰子 8.69%± 3.5 5 % ;灌木类的 4种植物叶平均灰分含量分别为 :棕竹 8.73%± 2 .5 2 %、袖珍椰子 8.67%± 1 .1 9%、香棕 8.63%± 1 .2 0 %、江边刺葵 7.60 %± 0 .98% ,乔木类植物 (除大王椰子外 )叶平均灰分含量高于灌木类的植物 ;( 2 )从干重热值的月变化来看 ,分 3种类型 :江边刺葵与棕竹有相反的变化趋势 ;假槟榔、董棕、袖珍椰子的月变化趋势相同 ;国王椰子、香棕、大王椰子具有各自的变化趋势 ;在 8种棕榈植物中 ,除香棕外 ,灌木类的植物平均干重热值大于乔木类 ;灌木类中 ,茎单生的江边刺葵干重热值高于茎丛生的棕竹、香棕和袖珍椰子 ;( 3)假槟榔、袖珍椰子、大王椰子的干重热值与灰分含量具有极显著的线性相关 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,棕竹的干重热值与灰分含量有显著的线性相关 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;而香棕、董棕、江边刺葵、国王椰Monthly changes in the ash contents and caloric values of the leaves of 8 Palmae species(four shrubby species: Arenga engleri, Chamaedorea elegans, Rhapis excelsa and Phoenix roebelenii; four tree dwelling species: Archontophoenix alexandrae, Caryota urens, Ravenea rivularis and Roystonea regia) were discussed in this paper, and the results showed as follows: (1) The ash contents of the 8 Palmae species were different and varied with season; the annual average ash contents of the four tree dwelling species were 13 64%±2 94% for Archontophoenix alexandrae, 9 74%±1 90% for Caryota urens, 9 12%±1 18% for Ravenea rivularis, and 8 69%±3 55% for Roystonea regia; those of the four shrubby species were 8 73%±2 52% for Rhapis excelsa, 8 67%±1 19% for Chamaedorea elegans, 8 63%±1 20% for Arenga engleri, and 7 60%±0 98% for Phoenix roebelenii, respectively; the average ash contents of the four tree dwelling species (except for Roystonea regia ) were higher than those of the four shrubby species; (2) The 8 species had three types of monthly gross caloric value change trends: Archontophoenix alexandrae, Caryota urens and Chamaedorea elegans had similar monthly change trend, while Phoenix roebelenii and Rhapis excelsa had the opposite trends of monthly changes; the other three species ( Ravenea rivularis, Arenga engleri and Roystonea regia ) each had its own changing trend. The shrubby species had higher gross caloric value than the tree dwelling species except for Arenga engleri, of the shrubby species, Phoenix roebelenii (monaxial stem) had the highest gross caloric value (than Arenga engleri, Chamaedorea elegans and Rhapis excelsa (clumpy stem)); Seasonal changes in gross caloric values varied with various species; (3) Gross caloric values were correlated remarkably with ash contents for Archontophoenix alexandrae, Chamaedorea elegans and Roystonea regia (P <0 01), they were correlated for Rhapis excelsa (P <0 05), too, whereas there was no significant correlation between gross caloric values and ash contents for other species; (4) the average ash free caloric values of the shrubby species were 22 65±0 59 kJ/g for Phoenix roebelenii, 22 19±0 48 kJ/g for Chamaedorea elegans, 21 94±0 76 kJ/g for Rhapis excelsa and 21 35±0 75kJ/g for Arenga engleri, respectively; those of the tree dwelling species were 21 76±0 55kJ/g for Ravenea rivularis, 21 20±0 72kJ/g for Caryota urens, 21 12±0 52kJ/g for Archontophoenix alexandrae and 20 98±0 55 kJ/g for Roystonea regia respectively; the shrubby species had higher ash free caloric value than the tree dwelling species except for Arenga engleri. The seasonal changes in ash free caloric values were different from those in gross caloric values due to various ash contents in the leaves of the 8 Palmae species.国家建设部资助项目;; 厦门市园林局资助项目~

Effects of cold hardening on membrane lipid peroxidation and activities of cell defense enzymes in leaves of Pritchardia gaudichaudii seedling under low temperature stress

在 - 5℃低温胁迫下 ,夏威夷椰子 (PritchardiagaudichaudiiH .Wendl.)幼苗叶片的丙二醛 (MDA)含量逐渐增加 ,表明膜脂过氧化作用逐渐增强 ;含水量不断下降 ;细胞保护酶中的超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化物酶 (POD)和过氧化氢酶 (CAT)酶活性均先升高 ,然后下降。冷锻炼处理可以减缓夏威夷椰子膜脂过氧化作用的增强 ,促进SOD酶活性的提高 ,同时抑制POD和CAT酶活性的变化 ,因而使夏威夷椰子幼苗的抗寒性得以提高 ,在 - 5℃低温胁迫下的半致死时间从 1.6d延长到 2 .2d。Under -5℃ low temperature stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves of \%Pritchardia gaudichaudii \%H. Wendl. seedling gradually increased, reflecting that membrane lipid peroxidation aggravated. Water content lowered. Cell defense enzymes SOD (superoxide dimutase), POD (peroxidase) and CAT (catalase) activity raised at early stage, and then lowered. Cold hardening treatment could lessen the increase of membrane lipid peroxidation, promote SOD activity, and inhibite the change of POD and CAT activity under low temperature stress, so the resistance to chilling stress had been enhanced for \%P. gaudichaudii \%seedling. By cold hardening, the half lethal time had been extended to 2.2 d from 1.6 d under -5℃ low temperature stress.国家建设部和厦门市建设委员会资助项