Naiv hepatit C enfeksiyonlu hastaların on-altı yıllık prognozu

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical course of treatment-naive patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who were followed up in various centers in Turkey. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study performed with the participation of 15 centers. Patients aged 18 years and older with HCV infection were included. Results: A total of 391 treatment-naive patients infected with HCV were included in this study. During the follow-up period, the final values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and total protein were significantly decreased when compared to the initial values (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.005, respectively). In the study group, 19.2% of the patients underwent liver biopsy and 4.1% underwent transient elastography (FibroScan). An increased histological activity index (HAI) score and fibrosis in the second biopsy were observed in one patient, only increased HAI in two patients and increased fibrosis in one patient, as shown on the FibroScan. In the 16 years of the study period, cirrhosis was radiologically detected in only one patient. Conclusion: Even if rapid progression is not observed, close monitoring of the clinical findings related to liver failure and fibrosis with invasive or non-invasive methods may be useful.Amaç: Bu çalışmada ülkemizin çeşitli merkezlerinde takip edilen naiv hepatit C virüs (HCV) ile enfekte hastaların klinik seyrini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma retrospektif olarak 15 merkezin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya 18 yaş üstü, HCV enfeksiyonu olan hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada 391 tedavi-naiv HCV enfeksiyonlu hasta yer almıştır. Hastaların takip süresinde son alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase ve total protein değerleri ilk düzeyine göre önemli düzeyde azalmıştır (sırasıyla p<0,001, p<0,001, p=0,005). Çalışma grubunda hastaların %19,2’sine karaciğer biyopsisi, %4,1’ine elastografi (FibroScan) uygulanmıştır. Takip esnasında bir hastada ikinci biyopside histolojik aktivite indeksi (HAI) ve fibroziste artma, iki hastada sadece HAI’da artma, birinde FibroScan ile fibrozis değerinde artma olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bir hastada 16 yıl içinde radyolojik olarak siroz saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Hızlı progresyon gözlenmemekle birlikte hastaların izleminde karaciğer yetmezliği ile ilgili klinik bulguların ve invaziv veya noninvaziv yöntemlerle fibrozisin yakın takibi yararlı olabilir

Bir sanal tasarım stüdyosu değerlendirmesi : Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi ve Delft Teknoloji Üniversitesi arasında bir ders

This thesis analyzes the application of computer aided design tools and online collaboration environments in design education. The focus of this study is the utilization of online collaboration environments in design education in order to conduct an efficient and effective virtual design studio course. The requirements of design education and online collaboration environments will be identified and the coinciding and conflicting points will be discussed. The elements of design education; the concept generation phase of design process, peer learning in design studio and design juries will be evaluated with regard to the literature survey and the findings of the case study. The findings of the case study indicated that in concept generation phase of design process the number of concepts created was not less than a similar project in a traditional design studio and publishing students̕ works to public via a shared online environment motivated students in a positive way to participate in studio activities in a positive way.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Ev ortamlarinda kullanici araştirmalari veri toplama çalişmalarini desteklemek için bir yöntem .

This thesis analyzes data collection tools and methods in domestic environments for smart product development processes. The aim of the study is to create a method for supporting data collection studies in user research of smart products at domestic environments. The study examines the utilization of information and communication technologies in ethnographic data collection methods at domestic environments with a qualitative approach. Two case studies are conducted to understand and analyze the effects of custom designed data collection tools in user research studies conducted at domestic environments. The results of the study revealed that utilization of data collection equipment and methods that are customized to the characteristics of aims and objectives of user research studies, product characteristic and study participants’ own environment might lead to the possibility to increase number of study participants and decrease researchers’ presence in domestic environments. Additionally, it was found that, sensor kits and internal device logs are capable of supporting user research studies for the evaluation of products, however due to technical complexity and unpredictable contextual factors, triangulation of data collection methods and redundancy of data collection equipment are necessary.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra

Savunma Sektöründe Faaliyet Gösteren İşletmelerde Endüstriyel Tasarım Süreçleri

Savunma sanayi endüstriyel tasarım süreçleri, gizlilik, düşük imalat sayıları ve yüksek seviyede standardizasyon gibi gereklilikleri ile yazında yer alan endüstriyel tasarım süreçleriyle farklılaşmaktadır. Sektörde endüstriyel tasarım süreçlerine dair araştırmalar bulunmakla beraber, ülkemizde faaliyet gösteren sektör kuruluşlarında yürütülen endüstriyel tasarım süreçlerine dair güncel bir araştırma, bilgimiz dâhilinde yapılmamıştır. Bu bağlamda sektörde faaliyet gösteren ürün geliştirme ve imalat firmalarının endüstriyel tasarım süreçlerinin incelenmesi ve ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi konusunda bir araştırma yapılmıştır [1]. Araştırmada tüm Türkiye’de yer alan savunma sektörü firmaları araştırma evreni olarak değerlendirilmekle beraber, Ankara ve çevresindeki firmalar örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Bu seçimde savunma sanayinde temel alıcılara yakınlığı ve savunma sanayi, kurum ve kuruluşlarının yüzde 40’ının Ankara ve çevresinde yer alması etkili olmuştur. Ülkemizde savunma sektörüne yarı mamul seviyesinde imalat yapan birçok firma bulunmasına rağmen özgün ürün geliştiren firma sayısı yeterli seviyede değildir. Bu araştırma ile yarı mamul üreten bu firmaların daha yüksek katma değer yaratacak özgün ürün geliştirme aşamasına geçmek için ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında firmaların endüstriyel tasarım faaliyetleri ve bu alandaki ihtiyaçları yüz yüze, yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar ile araştırılmıştır. Bu bildiride, araştırma sonucu elde edilen savunma sektöründe endüstriyel tasarım faaliyetlerinin yürütülmesi için ihtiyaçlar, Ankara özelinde sunulmuştur

Bilirkişi Heyeti Raporu

Davalı idare tarafından Öğr. Gör. kadrosu içinyapılanyazılı sınavda davacıyatakdir edilen puanın doğru takdir edilip edilmediğinin değerlendirilmesi, hatalı takdir edildiyse davacının puanının yeniden hesaplanması, davacı ve davalı idare savunmalarının da dikkate alınarak rapor hazırlanması

Project Process Cards: A Self-Evaluation Tool for Design Studio

Industrial design education is about process rather than product. Design education requires students to follow particular paths for learning design practice during their journey to proposing design solutions. A design studio course is characterized by hands on learning, learning by doing, collaboration, trial and error, peer learning and constructive criticism. Generally, evaluation of student performance is associated with the evaluation of the final design solution. However, the process that generated the final design solution is as important and useful as the final design solution. With project process cards (PPC) we aimed to collect students’ self-reflection during the design process. The gap between students’ self- evaluation of their performance and instructors’ expectations from the students creates confusion in both parties. Project process cards are weekly self-reports that are borrowed from user experience research studies. A digital report template with two main sections, activities and reflection, is provided by the teaching staff. During the study we utilized PPC in 3rd and 4th year industrial design studio courses with a total of 101 students and the students prepared 563 cards. We received positive feedback and acceptance on students’ side, as they used the tool for self-reflection. On the instructors’ side, PPC served as a documentation and communication medium to increase the quality of communication between the students and the instructors

AND DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate

Spondylodiscitis and psoas abscess due to brucellosis

Bruselloz ülkemizde yaygın olarak görülen zoonotik bir infeksiyondur ve pek çok sistemi tutabilir. Bu yazıda bruselloza bağlı olarak gelişen spondilit ve bilateral psoas apsesi olan 30 yaşında bir erkek hasta sunulmuştur. Brusellozda osteoartiküler sistem tutulumu en sık görülen komplikasyondur. Psoas apsesi nadir görülür ve genellikle spondilodiskite sekonder gelişir. Brusellozun prognozunda erken tanı ve tedavi çok önemli bir rol oynar. Bu nedenle psoas apsesi tespit edilen olgularda ön tanılar arasında bruselloz da yer almalıdır.Brucellosis, a common zoonotic infection in our country, affects multiple systems of the body. In this report we present a 30 year old male patient with spondylitis and bilateral psoas abscess due to brucellosis. Osteoarticular system involvement is the most common complication of brucellosis. Psoas abscess is rarely seen and generally occurs secondary to spondylodiscitis. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for the prognosis of brucella infections. Therefore brucellosis should be in the differential diagnosis of patients with psoas abscess

Evaluation of Risk Factors Contributing to Surgical Site Infections

This study was planned to determine the incidence of and risk factors for surgical-site infections (SSIs). Adult patients, whom underwent elective or emergent surgery were included to the study and evaluated before the surgery and followed 30 days after surgery for the development of SSI. Two hundred forty five patients were followed during study period. Mean age was 49.6 ± 17.1 years and 153 (62.4%) were female. SSI developed in 44 (18%) of the patients. Of the SSIs, 50% were superficial, 40.9% involved an organ or space and 9.1% were deep. The incidence of SSI by operation classification was 6.3% for clean, 23% for clean-contaminated, 38.4% for contaminated and 53.3% for dirty wounds. At least one positive culture was obtained from 22 patients. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated microorganism (39.1%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.6%) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (13%). Factors associated with SSI found by logistic regression analysis showed that; preoperative high blood glucose levels (OR: 2.936, 95%CI: 1.3-6.9, p= 0.012), dirty wound classification (OR: 2.153, 95%CI: 1.4-3.3, p< 0.001) and prolonged duration of surgical drain (OR: 1.189, 95%CI: 1.1-1.3, p< 0.001), existence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR: 3.431, 95%CI: 1.3-8.8, p= 0.010) were the most significant predictors of SSI. To conclude; poor control of diabetes mellitus before the surgery, dirty wound operations, existence of COPD and prolonged duration of surgical drains were found as risk factors for SSI