Inclusion, a sense of participation and belonging : A qualitative study of preschool teachers' perceptions of the inclusion of children in need of special support

Syftet med studien var att öka kunskapen om förskollärares uppfattningar om inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd. Frågeställningar som styrde studien var hur förskollärarna definierar begreppet inkludering samt vilka möjligheter och hinder de ser med inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd. För att uppnå syftet med studien användes en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sju verksamma förskollärare. Studiens teoretiska ansats utgick från Nilholm och Göranssons tre definitioner av inkludering: den gemenskapsorienterade definitionen, den individorienterade definitionen samt den placeringsorienterade definitionen. Den teoretiska ansatsen användes för att analysera förskollärarnas olika uppfattningar om inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd. Resultatet i studien visar att förskollärarna uppfattar inkluderingsbegreppet som mer än en placeringsdefinition då de använder sig av begrepp som delaktighet, tillhörighet och individens förutsättningar. Resultatet visar att förskollärarna anser att inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd ger alla barn möjlighet till att lära av varandra samt att acceptera olikheter. De hinder som framkommer i studiens resultat är saknad av personal och kompetens. Studien bidrar med en förståelse för att förskollärarnas vision om den gemenskapsorienterade definitionen av inkludering försvåras på grund av de hinder som de möter. När hinder uppstår ger förskollärarna uttryck för att det blir en placeringsorienterad inkludering då de inte kan säkerställa alla barns aktiva deltagande i förskolan

ChatGPT och programmering : En experimentell studie om effektivitet och upplevd användbarhet vid användandet av ChatGPT som hjälpmedel vid programmering

The recent widespread global use of ChatGPT has demonstrated immense applications for AI technology. With natural language as input, ChatGPT can generate and describe code in various programming languages. ChatGPT could enable the automation of repetitive tasks, thereby increasing efficiency. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the AI tool ChatGPT is a valuable resource for programmers to use in programming by examining whether the use of ChatGPT as an aid can lead to efficiency gains in programming and exploring how programmers perceive the usefulness of ChatGPT as an aid. In the study, a programmer is defined as a final-year student in the Bachelor’s Programme in Information Systems at Uppsala University. Quantitative data on time on task were collected through an experiment with code tests in the C# programming language to measure efficiency, and a survey based on SUS and ASQ was conducted in conjunction with the experiment to assess the perceived usefulness of ChatGPT. Participants were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups, where the experimental group used ChatGPT as an aid while the control group did not. The experimental group was on average 9.4 minutes faster than the control group, which was statistically significant. The perceived usefulness of ChatGPT was considered high based on SUS and ASQ, as the experimental group scored higher than the control group. The conclusion drawn is that ChatGPT is a valuable tool for programmers in programming, considering efficiency and perceived usefulness

Articulations of deportability : Changing migration policies in Sweden 2015/2016

The struggles of people who sought to enter and move across Europe became increasingly intense in 2015 with unthinkable numbers of deaths on the sea and other dangerous parts of the various alternative routes. Initially Europe witnessed a popular mobilisation of solidarity and demands for a humane response articulated by government officials as well as in the media. However, the government responses changed rapidly and were replaced by a narrative of crisis and a steering towards harsher regulations and closed borders aiming to limit the numbers of asylum seekers. In Sweden, following the construction of such a narrative of crisis the Social democratic/Green party government and the right wing opposition launched an initial migration political agreement in November 2015 that was followed by several interventions during 2016 that sought to restrict the possibilities to get permanent resident permits and to facilitate the expulsion of irregular migrants. These interventions imply a critical shift in the direction of Swedish migration and asylum regulations. In this paper we argue that this shift visibly and bluntly moves towards enforcing the links between migration politics and labour politics. In other words: to abandon a human rights perspective.In this paper our analysis focuses on the Swedish migration politics’ switching from permanent to temporary residence permits; the racialisation of service and domestic work low pay sectors; and the intensification of irregular migrant vulnerability through work site controls and other measures to increase deportation practices. We conceptualise the effects of these interventions as a racialised continuum of deportability and explore how this continuum is constructed, experienced and contested in the context of the government responses to present migrations. The analysis builds on two kinds of material: government documents and press releases regarding the migration political interventions, and ethnographic material from two different studies exploring structures and experiences of irregularity in the Swedish context (Sager 2011, Öberg 2014

Inclusion, a sense of participation and belonging : A qualitative study of preschool teachers' perceptions of the inclusion of children in need of special support

Syftet med studien var att öka kunskapen om förskollärares uppfattningar om inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd. Frågeställningar som styrde studien var hur förskollärarna definierar begreppet inkludering samt vilka möjligheter och hinder de ser med inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd. För att uppnå syftet med studien användes en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sju verksamma förskollärare. Studiens teoretiska ansats utgick från Nilholm och Göranssons tre definitioner av inkludering: den gemenskapsorienterade definitionen, den individorienterade definitionen samt den placeringsorienterade definitionen. Den teoretiska ansatsen användes för att analysera förskollärarnas olika uppfattningar om inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd. Resultatet i studien visar att förskollärarna uppfattar inkluderingsbegreppet som mer än en placeringsdefinition då de använder sig av begrepp som delaktighet, tillhörighet och individens förutsättningar. Resultatet visar att förskollärarna anser att inkludering av barn i behov av särskilt stöd ger alla barn möjlighet till att lära av varandra samt att acceptera olikheter. De hinder som framkommer i studiens resultat är saknad av personal och kompetens. Studien bidrar med en förståelse för att förskollärarnas vision om den gemenskapsorienterade definitionen av inkludering försvåras på grund av de hinder som de möter. När hinder uppstår ger förskollärarna uttryck för att det blir en placeringsorienterad inkludering då de inte kan säkerställa alla barns aktiva deltagande i förskolan

Housing for Refugees in Sweden : Top-Down Governance and its Local Reactions

In this article, we investigate local level reactions to the top-down state steering for the housing of refugees in Sweden. We especially reflect on events after the increased refugee reception in Sweden in 2015 and the introduction of a Settlement Act in 2016 which made it mandatory for municipalities to receive a specific number of refugees and organise accommodation. This has resulted in a wide array of housing situations for refugees concerning standard, costs and temporary solutions. A multi-level governance framework from on central government steering perspective is applied. We argue that the modified legislation can be understood as a change in governance throughout the years - from persuasion to economic incentives and, finally, to coercive methods. Sweden is a country that has distinguished itself as one refraining from particularity and continuing to work towards equality between newcomers and citizens. In relation to recent legal and political developments, we identify a change - a paradoxical change, as governance for the more-equal reception of refugees in Sweden seems to lead to increased inequalities for refugees on the local level

Articulations of racialisation and the continuum of deportability. Migration political changes in Sweden 2015/2016

During 2015 the struggles of people who searched to enter and move across Europe became increasingly intense with unthinkable numbers of deaths on the sea and other dangerous parts of the various alternative routes to and across Europe. Initially Europe witnessed a popular mobilisation of solidarity and demands for a humane response articulated through government officials as well as in the media. However, the government responses changed rapidly and were replaced by a narrative of crisis and a steering towards harsher regulations and closed borders aiming to limit the numbers of asylum seekers. In Sweden, following the construction of a narrative of crisis the Social democratic/Green party government and the right wing parties launched an initial migration political agreement in October 2015 – “Insatser med anledning av flyktingkrisen” (“Interventions regarding the refugee crisis”) and on November 25, 2015, the government launched further interventions. These interventions imply a critical shift in the Swedish migration and asylum regulations and we argue that shift to visibly and bluntly enforcing the links between migration politics and labour politics. In other words: to abandon a human rights perspective. In this paper our analysis focuses on the Swedish migration politics’ switching from permanent to temporary residence permits and the racialisation of service and domestic work low pay sectors. We explore how a racialised and gendered continuum of deportability is constructed, experienced and contested in the context of these government responses to present migrations. The analysis builds on two kinds of material: government documents and press releases regarding the migration political interventions, and ethnographic material from two different studies exploring structures and experiences of irregularity in the Swedish context (Sager 2011, Öberg 2015)

ChatGPT och programmering : En experimentell studie om effektivitet och upplevd användbarhet vid användandet av ChatGPT som hjälpmedel vid programmering

The recent widespread global use of ChatGPT has demonstrated immense applications for AI technology. With natural language as input, ChatGPT can generate and describe code in various programming languages. ChatGPT could enable the automation of repetitive tasks, thereby increasing efficiency. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the AI tool ChatGPT is a valuable resource for programmers to use in programming by examining whether the use of ChatGPT as an aid can lead to efficiency gains in programming and exploring how programmers perceive the usefulness of ChatGPT as an aid. In the study, a programmer is defined as a final-year student in the Bachelor’s Programme in Information Systems at Uppsala University. Quantitative data on time on task were collected through an experiment with code tests in the C# programming language to measure efficiency, and a survey based on SUS and ASQ was conducted in conjunction with the experiment to assess the perceived usefulness of ChatGPT. Participants were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups, where the experimental group used ChatGPT as an aid while the control group did not. The experimental group was on average 9.4 minutes faster than the control group, which was statistically significant. The perceived usefulness of ChatGPT was considered high based on SUS and ASQ, as the experimental group scored higher than the control group. The conclusion drawn is that ChatGPT is a valuable tool for programmers in programming, considering efficiency and perceived usefulness

Articulations of deportability. Changing migration policies in Sweden 2015/2016

The struggles of people who sought to enter and move across Europe became increasingly intense in 2015 with unthinkable numbers of deaths on the sea and other dangerous parts of the various alternative routes. Initially Europe witnessed a popular mobilisation of solidarity and demands for a humane response articulated by government officials as well as in the media. However, the government responses changed rapidly and were replaced by a narrative of crisis and a steering towards harsher regulations and closed borders aiming to limit the numbers of asylum seekers. In Sweden, following the construction of such a narrative of crisis the Social democratic/Green party government and the right wing opposition launched an initial migration political agreement in November 2015 that was followed by several interventions during 2016 that sought to restrict the possibilities to get permanent resident permits and to facilitate the expulsion of irregular migrants. These interventions imply a critical shift in the direction of Swedish migration and asylum regulations. In this paper we argue that this shift visibly and bluntly moves towards enforcing the links between migration politics and labour politics. In other words: to abandon a human rights perspective.In this paper our analysis focuses on the Swedish migration politics’ switching from permanent to temporary residence permits; the racialisation of service and domestic work low pay sectors; and the intensification of irregular migrant vulnerability through work site controls and other measures to increase deportation practices. We conceptualise the effects of these interventions as a racialised continuum of deportability and explore how this continuum is constructed, experienced and contested in the context of the government responses to present migrations. The analysis builds on two kinds of material: government documents and press releases regarding the migration political interventions, and ethnographic material from two different studies exploring structures and experiences of irregularity in the Swedish context (Sager 2011, Öberg 2014