The impact of artificial wall climbing as a recreational activity on children's locus of control

The aim of this research is to determine the effects of artificial wall climbing - which was performed by primary school students- as a recreative activity on children’s locus of control. Artificial wall climbing represents itself as a learning point beyond a sportive activity while creating an opportunity for participants to discover the limits of their own and that of others’, and opening a path for learning through experience by rendering the participants active rather than passive.The research was designed as one group pre-test – post-test model. The sample of the study is the same as the study population. 40 (15 female, 25 male) students studying in 7th and 8th grades of primary school attended voluntarily in this study.  Climbing practices were determined according to students' free time. Climbing practices were planned to be 90 minutes each. It is organized two days in a week between at least twenty-four hours. The test lasted 6 weeks in total. The activity which started with warm-up exercises suited for the age group was configured as a developmental schema as it started with top rope and extended to lead climbing route again on the climbing routes suited for the age groups. During the practice, it was ensured to provide knowledge and skills for not only climbing skills but also for other topics such as basic knowledge of climbing techniques, basic knots and belaying. The practice lasted six weeks and the questionnaire was applied before and after.To determine whether participants had a tendency towards externalizing or internalizing bias, "Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale" was used.As a result of the statistical analysis, it was observed that there are significant differences between pre-test and the difference of differences regarding the gender discrepancy and between pre-test and post-test scores regarding the total scores (p<0.05).The group of activities carried out for the artificial wall climbing led to a positive development in the children’s perception of locus of control and it was seen that children's beliefs on what’s happening around them is under their control and they can turn their lives in whichever direction they want were positively influenced

EFFECT OF CREATIVE DRAMA METHOD ON GEOMETRY TEACHING

Geometry holds an important place in the developmental process of mathematical thinking. When geometry is the subject in mathematics lessons, it is seen by students as an unlikeable and hard to understand. It is not easy to get students who come to school with this prejudice to like the lesson and explain it. Our aim in this research is to eliminate this prejudice using right teaching methods and make mathematics a lesson attended voluntarily and with pleasure by the students. With this aim in mind, the effect of creative drama method on students’ success for the 6th grade mathematics lesson, area of triangles subject has been researched. This study has been applied on 100 students enrolled in two different state secondary schools in Aegean Region in 2017-2018 teaching term. In this study, classes are divided into two groups as control group and experimental group and a success test designed by researchers on area of triangles subject is applied to students as pretest and final test. This test consists of 7 multiple choice and 3 open ended questions. Data obtained from the test is analyzed by statistical method. After the analysis, a meaningful difference in favor of experimental group has arisen. Based on the reviews made with the students, it is noticed that the interest of students to mathematics lesson has increased as a result of creative drama applications.  Article visualizations

Use of Mycorrhiza to Reduce Mineral Fertilizers in Soilless Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Cultivation

Intensive use of mineral fertilizers in soilless growing systems can have adverse effects on the environment and human health and could be economically expensive. Aim of this study was whether it can be reduced mineral nutrients in soilless grown melon by using mycorrhizae inoculation. The experiment has been carried out in the early spring growing period in a greenhouse in the Mediterranean climate. The eight treatments have been applied: (1) 100% Full nutrition (control), (2) 100% Full nutrition+mycorrhiza, (3) 80% nutrition, (4) 80% nutrition+mycorrhiza (5) 60% nutrition (6) 60% nutrition+mycorrhiza (7) 40% nutrition, (8) 40% nutrition+mycorrhiza. Effects of mycorrhiza on melon plant growth, yield, fruit quality, and leaf nutrient concentrations were investigated. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization is accompanied by plant growth increases in reduced nutrient levels. The mycorrhiza inoculation had a significant enhancing effect on total yield in soilless grown melon plants. The highest increasing effect on melon yield was observed in the “80% nutrient+mycorrhiza”, and AM- inoculated plants produced 49.5% higher melon yield (12.4 kg m-2) than that of control plants without mycorrhizae (8.3 k gm-2). AM-inoculation was also able to establish an improvement in Brix and EC of melon fruit. In the nutrient contents of leaves, there were slight increases in AM-inoculated plants, except P. The P content was significantly increased in AM-inoculated 80% nutrient plants as comparison to that of its control

OBTAINING OF HELPFULNESS VALUE IN THE SECONDARY EDUCATION MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM BY CREATIVE DRAMA ACTIVITIES

“Values Education”, which added to Mathematics Teaching Program at the Turkish Academic Year of 2017-2018, is revised and updated as “Our Values” on January of 2018. “Our Values” based on a grown value system that aims to maintain the existence of societies preserve the unity and togetherness of societies and have the real educational success like every stage of individuals’ life. The Ministry of National Education has determined the base values, which should be gained during the education of Mathematics, as justice, friendship, honesty, patience, respect, love, responsibility, patriotism and helpfulness. The aim of this study is making the students realize their own values and making them gain the helpfulness values by using creative drama activities during the education of Mathematics. In this study, “helpfulness value”, which is under the topic of “Our Values” of Mathematics Teaching Program, was tried to put into practise by creative drama activities. In the study, experimental method which contains pretested and postested control group is used in order to show the behaviour difference between experimental group, which activity based creative drama method was applied, and the control group, which activity based creative drama method was not applied. This study is designed as a controlled experimental study with pretest-posttest. The group of study was consisted 106 students, which studying in 3 different provinces (Aydın, Afyon, Uşak) in the same region. Both experimental and control group was consisted by 53 students. In the study, data were collected from “helpfulness scale” which developed by Demirci (2017). As a result of the study, the helpfulness scale score of experimental group, which activity based creative drama was applied is high but there is no meaningful difference between helpfulness scale scores of experimental group and control group.  Article visualizations

Quality by design approach for tablet formulations containing spray coated ramipril by using artificial intelligence techniques

Different software programs based on mathematical models have been developed to aid the product development process. Recent developments in mathematics and computer science have resulted in new programs based on artificial neural networks (ANN) techniques. These programs have been used to develop and formulate pharmaceutical products. In this study, intelligent software was used to predict the relationship between the materials that were used in tablet formulation and the tablet specifications and to determine highly detailed information about the interactions between the formulation parameters and the specifications. The input data were generated from historical data and the results obtained from analyzing tablets produced by different formulations. The relative significance of inputs on various outputs such as assay, dissolution in 30 min and crushing strengths, was investigated using the artificial neural networks (ANNs), neurofuzzy logic and genetic programming (FormRules, INForm ANN and GEP).This study indicated that ANN and GEP can be used effectively for optimizing formulations and that GEP can be evaluated statistically because of the openness of its equations. Additionally, FormRules was very helpful for teasing out the relationships between the inputs (formulation variables) and the outputs

Quality by design approach for tablet formulations containing spray coated ramipril by using artificial intelligence techniques

Different software programs based on mathematical models have been developed to aid the product development process. Recent developments in mathematics and computer science have resulted in new programs based on artificial neural networks (ANN) techniques. These programs have been used to develop and formulate pharmaceutical products. In this study, intelligent software was used to predict the relationship between the materials that were used in tablet formulation and the tablet specifications and to determine highly detailed information about the interactions between the formulation parameters and the specifications. The input data were generated from historical data and the results obtained from analyzing tablets produced by different formulations. The relative significance of inputs on various outputs such as assay, dissolution in 30 min and crushing strengths, was investigated using the artificial neural networks (ANNs), neurofuzzy logic and genetic programming (FormRules, INForm ANN and GEP).This study indicated that ANN and GEP can be used effectively for optimizing formulations and that GEP can be evaluated statistically because of the openness of its equations. Additionally, FormRules was very helpful for teasing out the relationships between the inputs (formulation variables) and the outputs

Outcomes of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed using image-guided core needle biopsy: results from a multicenter retrospective study

PURPOSEThe clinical management of high-risk lesions using image-guided biopsy is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the rates at which such lesions were upgraded to malignancy and identify possible predictive factors for upgrading high-risk lesions.METHODSThis retrospective multicenter analysis included 1.343 patients diagnosed with high-risk lesions using an image-guided core needle or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). Only patients managed using an excisional biopsy or with at least one year of documented radiological follow-up were included. For each, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category, number of samples, needle thickness, and lesion size were correlated with malignancy upgrade rates in different histologic subtypes. Pearson’s chi-squared test, the Fisher–Freeman–Halton test, and Fisher’s exact test were used for the statistical analyses.RESULTSThe overall upgrade rate was 20.6%, with the highest rates in the subtypes of intraductal papilloma (IP) with atypia (44.7%; 55/123), followed by atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) (38.4%; 144/375), lobular neoplasia (LN) (12.7%; 7/55), papilloma without atypia (9.4%; 58/611), flat epithelial atypia (FEA) (8.7%; 10/114), and radial scars (RSs) (4.6%; 3/65). There was a significant relationship between the upgrade rate and BI-RADS category, number of samples, and lesion size Lesion size was the most predictive factor for an upgrade in all subtypes.CONCLUSIONADH and atypical IP showed considerable upgrade rates to malignancy, requiring surgical excision. The LN, IP without atypia, pure FEA, and RS subtypes showed lower malignancy rates when the BI-RADS category was lower and in smaller lesions that had been adequately sampled using VAB. After being discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting, these cases could be managed with follow-up instead of excision