Kaluza-Klein fermion mass matrices from exceptional field theory and N=1 spectra

Using Exceptional Field Theory, we determine the infinite-dimensional mass matrices for the gravitino and spin-$1/2$ Kaluza-Klein perturbations above a class of anti-de Sitter solutions of M-theory and massive type IIA string theory with topologically-spherical internal spaces. We then use these mass matrices to compute the spectrum of Kaluza-Klein fermions about some solutions in this class with internal symmetry groups containing SU(3). Combining these results with previously known bosonic sectors of the spectra, we give the complete spectrum about some ${\cal N}=1$ and some non-supersymmetric solutions in this class. The complete spectra are shown to enjoy certain generic features.Comment: 46 pages, 25 tables; v2, minor typos correcte

Super-Chern-Simons spectra from exceptional field theory

Exceptional Field Theory has been recently shown to be very powerful to compute Kaluza-Klein spectra. Using these techniques, the mass matrix of Kaluza-Klein vector perturbations about a specific class of AdS4 solutions of D = 11 and massive type IIA supergravity is determined. These results are then employed to characterise the complete supersymmetric spectrum about some notable N = 2 and N = 3 AdS4 solutions in this class, which are dual to specific three-dimensional superconformal Chern-Simons field theorie

Supersymmetric spectroscopy on AdS4 × S 7 and AdS4 × S 6

New techniques based on Exceptional Field Theory have recently allowed for the calculation of the Kaluza-Klein spectra of certain AdS$_4$ solutions of $D=11$ and massive IIA supergravity. These are the solutions that consistently uplift on $S^7$ and $S^6$ from vacua of maximal four-dimensional supergravity with SO(8) and ISO(7) gaugings. In this paper, we provide the complete Kaluza-Klein spectrum of five such AdS$_4$ solutions, all of them ${\cal N}=1$. These solutions preserve SO(3) and $\textrm{U}(1) \times \textrm{U}(1)$ internal symmetry in $D=11$, and U(1) (two of them) and no continuous symmetry in type IIA. Together with previously discussed cases, our results exhaust the Kaluza-Klein spectra of known supersymmetric AdS$_4$ solutions in $D=11$ and type IIA in the relevant class.Comment: 35 pages. 2 figures and 7 table

Stem and immune cells in colorectal primary tumour: Number and function of subsets may diagnose metastasis

An important percentage of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients will develop metastasis, mainly in the liver, even after a successful curative resection. This leads to a very high mortality rate if metastasis is not detected early on. Disseminated cancer cells develop from metastatic stem cells (MetSCs). Recent knowledge has accumulated about these cells particularly in CRC, so they may now be tracked from the removed primary tumour. This approach could be especially important in prognosis of metastasis because it is becoming clear that metastasis does not particularly rely on testable driver mutations. Among the many traits supporting an epigenetic amplification of cell survival and self-renewal mechanisms of MetSCs, the role of many immune cell populations present in tumour tissues is becoming clear. The amount of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (T, B and natural killer cells), dendritic cells and some regulatory populations have already shown prognostic value or to be correlated with disease-free survival time, mainly in immunohistochemistry studies of unique cell populations. Parallel analyses of these immune cell populations together with MetSCs in the primary tumour of patients, with later follow-up data of the patients, will define the usefulness of specific combinations of both immune and MetSCs cell populations. It is expected that these combinations, together to different biomarkers in the form of an immune score, may predict future tumour recurrences, metastases and/or mortality in CRC. It will also support the future design of improved immunotherapeutic approaches against metastasisS

Oral hygiene might prevent cancer

Many evidences support that species from the Human Oral Microbiome Database such as Fusobacterium nucleatum or Bacteroides, linked previously to periodontitis and appendicitis, play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC), including metastasis. These typically oral species are invasive anaerobes that form biofilms in their virulent state. Aspirin (a NSAID) has been recently included into routine CRC prevention rationale. NSAIDs can prevent the growth of neoplastic lesions by inhibiting COX enzymes and another set of recently identified COX-independent targets, which include the WNT, AMPK and MTOR signaling pathways, the crosstalk between nucleoli and NF-κB transcriptional activity in apoptosis, and the biochemistry of platelets. These are signaling pathways related to tumor-promoting inflammation. In this process, pathogens or simple deregulation of the microbiota play an important role in CRC. Aspirin and other NSAIDs are efficient inhibitors of biofilm formation and able to control periodontitis development preventing inflammation related to the microbiota of the gingival tissue, so its seems plausible to include this pathway in the mechanisms that aspirin uses to prevent CRC. We propose arguments suggesting that current oral hygiene methods and other future developments against periodontitis might prevent CRC and probably other cancers, alone or in combination with other options; and that the multidisciplinary studies needed to prove this hypothesis might be relevant for cancer preventionThis work was supported by the FEDER and Xunta de Galicia [grant number ED431D 2017/23 to the Galician Network for Colorectal Cancer Research (REGICC)]S

La imagen turística de Galicia. El uso de la marca Galicia por primera vez en la publicidad de la institución autonómica: estudio comparado del anuncio para televisión 2006-2011

Desde la asunción de las competencias de turismo por parte del gobierno gallego a mediados de la década de los 80 del siglo pasado, la comunicación turística de Galicia ha tenido dos momentos importantes. El primero ha sido la primera campaña publicitaria emitida en los medios nacionales en 2006, que ha permitido llegar a todos los españoles. El segundo ha sido el uso de la marca territorio como herramienta principal en la estrategia de promoción y su presentación en la última campaña publicitaria de 2011. La investigación demuestra que el turista nacional reconoce la imagen de Galicia en la marca y le ayuda a fijar, recordar y evocar en su mente los rasgos que identifican el territorio. En un momento de crisis económica, que pone en peligro la propia existencia de la marca y sus beneficios por falta de recursos económicos, el estudio revela posibles alternativas para fortalecerla. Una mayor participación del sector hostelero para renovar y reforzar la imagen de Galicia, y una nueva comunicación para el cambio social pueden mejor las condiciones del desarrollo de la región

Nanosensores plasmónicos na detección colorimétrica dalgunhas bases pirimidínicas e derivados

[Resumen:] Los estudios en Nanotecnología han experimentado un crecimiento enorme en los últimos años. Con ello, se han desarrollado nuevos métodos de detección colorimétrica basados en biosensores. El fundamento de la mayoría de estos métodos está en el uso de disoluciones acuosas coloidales de nanopartículas de oro (Au NPs), de diversos tamaños, pero siempre en la escala del nm. Los hidrosoles de Au monodispersos de tamaños inferiores a 20 nm, presentan una intensa banda de absorción centrada en 520 nm, es decir, son de color rojo rubí; mientras que si las nanopartículas se asocian originando agregados coloidales de mayor tamaño, la banda de absorción se desplaza a [Lambda]>650 nm, siendo, por tanto, la disolución de color azul. El cambio de color es fácilmente visible y tiene su origen en la respuesta a la interacción de moléculas de interés biológico con la superficie de las NPs de Au. Si comparamos con la superficie plana del Au macroscópico, las nanoparticulas de Au esféricas permiten, por una parte, aumentar enormemente la velocidad de interacción con moléculas orgánicas; por otra parte, la superficie curva de las nanoparticulas puede acomodar a su alrededor un mayor número de moléculas, y finalmente, la contaminación superficial es prácticamente nula. En definitiva, la respuesta es mucho más intensa, y se produce en tiempos más cortos y no hay saturación del adsorbente. En este trabajo se han optimizado las condiciones para la detección colorimétrica de algunas bases pirimidínicas mediante el uso de nanopartículas de oro. El método se ha aplicado a la detección de uracilo (U) y de sus derivados, 2-tiouracilo (2-TU) y 4- tiouracilo (4-TU), y de citosina (C); los resultados se comparan con los observados para compuestos simples de estructura funcional similar, como es el caso de la urea y de la tiourea (TU). Las estructuras moleculares de estos compuestos se muestran en el esquema 1. Las NPs de Au utilizadas se han sintetizado y caracterizado como parte de este trabajo. La técnica de seguimiento de la adsorción de las bases indicadas en el Esquema 1 con las NPs de Au ha sido la espectroscopía UV-vis. Los resultados obtenidos se explican en base a un mecanismo de interacción entre el adsorbato y la superficie de las Au NPs, analizando las propiedades ácido-base de aquél, así como, su orientación en la superficie. Se determinan los límites de detección colorimétrica, para los casos de interacción positiva. En algunos casos, como con la citosina, ha sido posible seguir la cinética del proceso de quimisorción. Por último, se realiza el estudio de la mayor afinidad de las bases estudiadas por la superficie de las NPs de Au. [Imagen] Esquema 1. Estructuras moleculares de los compuestos estudiados[Resumo:] Os estudos en Nanotecnoloxía experimentaron un gran crecemento nestes últimos anos. Desenrolaronse novos métodos de detección colorimétrica basados nos biosensores. O fundamento da maioría destes métodos está no uso de disolucións acuosas coloidais de nanopartículas de ouro (Au NPs), de diversos tamaños, pero sempre na escala do nm. Os hidrosois de Au monodispersos de tamaños inferiores a 20 nm, presentan unha intensa banda de absorción centrada en 520 nm, é dicir, son de cor vermello rubí; mentres que as nanopartículas asocianse orixinando agregados coloidais de maior tamaño, a banda de absorción desplazase a [Lambda] >650 nm, sendo, polo tanto, a disolución de cor azul. O cambio da cor é facilmente visible e ten a súa orixen na resposta á interacción de moléculas de interese biolóxico coa superficie das NPs de Au. Se o comparásemos coa superficie plana do Au macroscópico, as nanopartículas de Au esféricas permiten, por unha parte, aumentar enormemente a velocidade de interacción con moléculas orgánicas; por outra parte, a superficie curva das nanopartículas pode acomodarse en torno a un maior número de moléculas, e finalmente, a contaminación superficial é practicamente nula. En definitiva, a resposta é moito mais intensa, e prodúcese en tempos mais cortos e non hai saturación do adsorbente. Neste traballo optimizáronse as condicións para a detección colorimétrica dalgunhas bases pirimidínicas mediante o uso de nanopartículas de ouro. O método aplicase á detección de uracilo (U) e dos seus derivados, 2.tiouracilo (2-TU) e 4- tiouracilo (4-TU), e citosina (C); os resultados comparanse cos observados para compostas mais simples de estrutura funcional semellante, como é o caso da urea e da tiourea (TU). As estructuras moleculares destes compostos móstranse no esquema 1. Las NPs de Au utilizadas sintetizáronse e caracterizáronse como parte deste traballo. A técnica de seguemento da adsorción das bases indicadas no Esquema 1 coas NPs de Au foi a espectroscopía UV-vis. Os resultados obtidos explícanse en base a un mecanismo de interacción entre adsorbato e a superficie das AuNPs, analizando as propiedades ácido-base, así como, su orientación na superficie. Determínanse os límites de detección colorimétrica, para os casos de interacción positiva. Nalgúns casos, como coa citosina, foi posible seguir a cinética do proceso de quimisorción. Por último, realizase o estudo da maior adinidade das bases estudadas pola superficie das NPs de Au. [Imagen] Esquema 1. Estruturas moleculares dos compostos estudados[Abstract:] Studies in nanotechnology has experienced an enormous growth in recent years. This has led to the development of new methods of colorimetric detection based on biosensors. The foundation of most of these methods is on the usage aqueous solutions of colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different sizes, but always in the nm scale. Monodisperse gold hydrosols lower than 20 nm sizes, have an intense absorption band centered at 520 nm, that is to say, are ruby red; whereas if the nanoparticles are associated causing colloidal aggregates larger, the absorption band shifts to> 650nm, being therefore the solution blue. The color change is easily visible and originates in response to the interaction of biological molecules with the surface of AuNPs. Comparing with the flat surface of macroscopic gold, gold spherical nanoparticles allow, on the one hand, greatly speed of interaction with organic molecules; moreover, the curved surface of the nanoparticles can accommodate around a greater number of molecules, and finally, the surface contamination is negligible. In short, the answer is much more intense and produce in shorter times and no saturation of the adsorbent. In this work we have optimized the conditions for colorimetric detection of some pyrimidine bases by using gold nanoparticles. The method has been applied to the detection of uracil (U) and its derivatives, 2-thiouracil (2-TU) and 4-thiouracil (4-TU), and cytosine (C); the results are compared with those observed for single compounds of similar functional structure, such as urea and thiourea (TU). The molecular structures of these compounds are shown in scheme 1. The AuNPs used are as been synthesized and characterized part of this work. Siguimiento technique adsorption of the bases shown in Scheme 1 with AuNPs has been UV-vis spectroscopy. The results obtained are explained based on a mechanism of interaction between the adsorbate and the surface of AuNPs analyzing the acid-base properties of that and its orientation on the surface. The limits of colorimetric detection are determined for the cases of positive interaction. In some cases, such as cytosine, it has been possible to follow the kinetics of chemisorption process. Finally, the study of higher affinity bases studied by the surface of AuNPs is performed. [Imagen] Scheme 1. Molecular structures of the compounds studiedTraballo fin de grao (UDC.CIE). Química. Curso 2015/201

Estudio zoométrico realizado con ovinos de raza ripollesa

Peer Reviewe

Preliminary Study of New Electrolytes Based on [MPPyr][TFSI] for Lithium Ion Batteries

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG[Abstract] The application of ionic liquids in lithium ion batteries has increased in recent years in order to find new electrolytes that improve both performance and safety. The gathering of experimental data in order to understand the behaviour of these systems will help us design electrolytes that can be optimized for a specific objective. Data on electrolytes made up of a ternary mixture with an ionic liquid are missing in the literature. In this work, we provide new data on physical properties and refractive indexes for the ternary mixtures 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([MPPyr][TFSI]) + acetonitrile (AN) or γ butyrolactone (GBL) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) with different concentrations of salt, specifically, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 35%. The measured properties were density (ρ), viscosity (η) and ionic conductivity (κ) in the temperature range of 278.15 to 358.15 K except for the mixtures with acetonitrile whose temperature range was 278.15 K to 328.15 K and the refractive indexes (nD) that were measured at a single temperature of 298.15 K. In general, the addition of salt in the binary mixtures provokes an increase of density and viscosity and therefore a decrease of ionic conductivity. It is worth mentioning that some of the studied systems showed values of ionic conductivity even better than those obtained for electrolyte systems based on carbonate.This work was supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and FEDER Program through the projects MAT2017–89239-C2–1-P, MAT2017–89239-C2–2-P and D2018–102679-T; Xunta de Galicia. Funding for open access charge: Universidade da Coruña/CISU