Evaluation of the Demineralization Development around Different Types of Orthodontic Brackets

The aim of this study was to compare the demineralizations of the enamel surfaces around different types of orthodontic brackets in an artificial cariogenic environment. A total of 90 extracted human maxillary first premolar teeth were used in this in vitro study. The teeth were divided into 6 groups, 5 study and 1 control, each consisting of 15 samples. Victory metal, Gemini metal, Clarity self-ligating ceramic, APC Clarity Advanced ceramic and Clarity Advanced ceramic brackets (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) used in the study groups were bonded to the teeth with the direct technique. The gingival, occlusal and proximal enamel surfaces adjacent to the brackets were measured with a DIAGNOdent pen (KaVo, Biberach, Germany) (T0). Then, the teeth were placed in a cariogenic suspension environment containing Streptococcus mutans, sucrose and artificial saliva. The teeth were removed from the cariogenic suspension at the end of 28 days. Enamel surfaces were remeasured with DIAGNOdent and the values were recorded (T1). Whether the obtained data were homogeneously distributed or not was determined by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, within-group comparisons were performed with the Wilcoxon test, and between-group comparisons were performed with Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Significance level was accepted as p < 0.05. In all groups, the demineralization values of the enamel surfaces in the gingival, proximal and occlusal surfaces adjacent to the brackets were significantly higher in the T1 period than in the T0 period (p < 0.05). In the T1 period of Gemini metal, Clarity self-ligating ceramic and Clarity advanced ceramic bracket groups, the demineralization values of the proximal enamel surfaces were found to be significantly higher than the Victory metal and APC Clarity Advanced ceramic bracket groups (p < 0.05). In the T1 period, the demineralization values of the occlusal enamel surfaces of the Victory metal, APC Clarity Advanced ceramic bracket groups and control group were significantly lower than the Gemini metal, Clarity self-ligating ceramic and Clarity Advanced ceramic bracket groups (p < 0.05). Significant increases in enamel demineralization values were observed as a consequence of increased retention areas for microbial dental plaque on enamel surfaces adjacent to the bracket. Considering the importance of minimizing enamel demineralization in fixed orthodontic treatments, less enamel demineralization in Victory metal and APC Clarity Advanced ceramic bracket groups showed that these brackets can be preferred in patients with poor oral hygiene

Reklamda tiksinti çekiciliğinin kullanımı : Covid-19 pandemisi örnek olayı

Tiksinti, vücudu olası zararlı, zehirli ve mikroplu nesnelerden koruma içgüdüsüyle açığa çıkan bir duygudur. Bu sebeple sağlık ve sağlık tüketimi ile doğrudan ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Postmodern sağlık anlayışı hastalıktan kaçınma üzerine kuruludur. Sağlıklı kalmanın iki etkili yolu ise beslenmeye ve hijyene dikkat edilmesidir. Covid-19 pandemisi ile birlikte virüslere karşı alınan hijyen önlemleri ve beslenmeye gösterilen özen artmıştır. Pandemi döneminde reklamlardaki sağlık söylemi hızlı bir değişim göstermiştir. Reklamlar incelendiğinde tiksinti çekiciliğinin sağlık söylemini güçlendirmek için kullanıldığı gözlemlenmektedir. Diğer yandan, sağlık uygulamalarındaki düzenlemelerin Covid-19 pandemisi ile birlikte otoriter ve kısıtlayıcı hale gelmesi ve reklamların bir biyoiktidar mekanizması olarak kullanılması dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Covid-19 pandemi dönemi reklamlarında tiksinti çekiciliği kullanımı, biyoiktidar ve sağlık söylemi ilişkisi kavramsal olarak ele alınmıştır. Pandemi reklamlarında tiksinti çekiciliği kullanımının tüketiciler üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Aykırı örneklem yöntemiyle alanında profesyonel 6 kişi ve profesyonel olmayan 6 kişi olarak toplam 12 kişi ile nitel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmış ve elde edilen veriler betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda tiksinti çekiciliğinin pandemi dönemi sağlık söyleminin inşasına bulunduğu katkı ve katılımcıların davranışlarına olan etkisi üzerine temalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Bulunan temalarda katılımcıların içgörüleri incelenerek tiksinti çekiciliğinin reklamlardaki kullanımına dair farklı bir bakış açısı sunulmuştur.Disgust is an emotion that comes from a gut instinct to protect the body from potentially harmful, toxic, and germ objects. Therefore, it has a direct relationship with health and health consumption. The postmodern health concept is based on disease avoidance. The two effective ways to stay healthy are to pay attention to nutrition and hygiene. With the Covid-19 pandemic, hygiene measures against viruses and care for nutrition have increased. During the Covid-19 pandemic period, the health discourse in advertising has changed rapidly. When the ads are reviewed, it is observed that disgust appeal is used to strengthen health discourse. On the other hand, it is notable that regulations in health practices become authoritarian and restrictive with the Covid-19 pandemic, and advertisements are used as a biopower mechanism. In this study, the use of disgust appeal, biopower, and health discourse relationship were conceptually discussed in Covid-19 pandemic advertising. The use of disgust appeal in pandemic advertising has been examined foritse impactonf consumers. In the field of extreme case sampling method, in the field of professional 6 participants and 6 non-professional participants, a total of 12 participants and qualitative research methods have been conducted in depth interviews and data obtained has been analyed in descriptive manner. The research revealed themes on the contribution of disgust appeal to the construction of pandemic-era health discourse and the impact of attendees on their behavior. In the themes found, the participants insights have been reviewed to provide a different perspective on the use of disgust appeal in advertising

The investigation of the impacts of emotions on decision-making by means of event-related low beta oscillations

...Society for Psychophysiological Researc

Coca-Cola'nın Türkiye'ye gelişi, 1964-1984 yılları arasında izlediği reklam kampanyaları ve başarıları

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2013.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by İbrahim Mert Öztürk.Öztürk, İbrahim Mert. HIST 200-11ÖZTÜRK HIST 200-11/1 2012-1

Kardiyovasküler İşlemlerde Görüntüleme

Doğum sırasındaki fizyolojik değişimlerle kapanması öngörülen foramen ovale erişkin populasyonun yaklaşık %75’inde tamamen kapanmış olarak izlenirken, %25’inde ise kapanmaz ve patent foramen ovale (PFO) olarak varlığını sürdürür.1 PFO, serebrovasküler olay dahil birçok patoloji (auralı migren, dalgıçlarda dekompresyon hastalığı vs.) ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. İskemik inmelerin %25’inde standart tanısal değerlendirmeye rağmen bir neden bulunamaz ve bu grup kriptojenik inme olarak adlandırılır. PFO ve kriptojenik inme arasındaki patofizyolojik ilişki paradoksal embolizm, PFO içerisinde meydana gelen trombüs, sol atriyal disfonksiyon ve atriyal aritmiler gibi nedenlere bağlı olabilir. Epidemiyolik veriler ve klinik gözlemsel çalışmalar, PFO kapatılmasıyla inme rekürrenslerinin azaldığını gösteren randomize kontrollü çalışmalar tarafından kuvvetle desteklenmektedir.2 PFO’nun tanısında ve perkütan tedavisinde çoklu görüntüleme yöntemleri önem arz etmektedir

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on psoriasis patients, and their immunosuppressive treatment: a cross-sectional multicenter study from Turkey

© 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Background: Immunosuppressive therapy has been a great concern during the pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate the pandemic's impact on psoriasis patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Material and Methods: The multicenter study was conducted in 14 tertiary dermatology centers. Demographic data, treatment status, disease course, and cases of COVID-19 were evaluated in patients with psoriasis using the immunosuppressive treatment. Results: Of 1827 patients included, the drug adherence rate was 68.2%. Those receiving anti-interleukin (anti-IL) drugs were more likely to continue treatment than patients receiving conventional drugs (OR = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.181–1.895, p =.001). Disease worsening rate was 24.2% and drug dose reduction increased this rate 3.26 and drug withdrawal 8.71 times. Receiving anti-TNF or anti-IL drugs was associated with less disease worsening compared to conventional drugs (p =.038, p =.032; respectively). Drug withdrawal causes were ‘unable to come’ (39.6%), ‘COVID concern’ (25.3%), and ‘physician’s and patient’s co-decision’ (17.4%). Four patients had COVID-19 infection with mild symptoms. The incidence was 0.0022% while it was 0.0025% in the general population. Conclusion: Our study shows that psoriasis patients using systemic immunosuppressive do not have a higher, but even lower COVID-19 risk than the general population, and treatment compliance with biological drugs is higher