An anatomical study of the origins of the medial circumflex femoral artery in the Turkish population

The medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA) usually branches from the deep femoral artery (DFA). It may also branch from the femoral artery (FA). In this study 100 inguinal regions of 50 cadavers were investigated. In 79 extremities (79%) MCFA branched from DFA, while in 15 (15%) it branched from FA. In four extremities (4%) MCFA was found to be double; in each case one of MCFAs branched from FA and the other from DFA. In one of these four cases the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) was also double. In one case we found a common trunk of DFA and MCFA and in another case a common trunk of MCFA, DFA and LCFA. Clinicians must be familiar with the variations of this clinically important artery to improve their success in the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies in the region

Ultrastructural changes in the circumventricular organs after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

Objectives: Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are fine, periventricular, neurotransmitter-rich structures that are devoid of a Blood-brain barrier and are known for their secretory role controlling fluid and electrolyte balance, thirst and even reproduction. Common pathologies of the brain such as trauma or bleeding affect CVOs, and hence their function. However, at what stage of these disease processes are CVOs affected and the time sequence of their recovery is still not clear. The aim of this study was to detect the morphological changes in CVOs using electron microscopy after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: Experimental SAH was induced by transclival puncture of the basilar artery. Both scanning and transmission electron microscopic examination of the representive sections from each CVO was undertaken. Results: Electron microscopy has shown that after SAH, the cells that form the CVOs exhibit signs of cellular necrosis with margination of the nucleus as well as cytoplasmic, mitochondrial and axonal edema. The subfornicial organ and organum vasculosum lamina terminalis appear to be more vulnerable to the effects of SAH than the median eminence or area postrema. Discussion: Considering the fact that the experimental SAH model we have used is very similar to the momentary rupture of an aneurysm with secondary reflex spasm to seal the hole, it will not be unrealistic to consider that similar effects may also take place in the clinical setting. © 2005 W. S. Maney & Son Ltd

Radiological and stereological evaluation of the effect of rifampin on bone healing in critical-size defects

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of rifampin with autogenous bone on bone regeneration in critical-size defects in the calvaria of rats. Materials and Methods: In total, 40 rats were divided into 4 groups and a 5-mm diameter of calvarial defect was made in each rat's calvarium. Control group (C), bone defects were irrigated with sterile saline; rifampin group (R), bone defects were irrigated with rifampin. In the autogenous graft group (Ag), the autogenous graft was contaminated with saliva, and the defects were filled with an autogenous graft. In the autogenous graft + rifampin group (Ag+R), the autogenous graft was contaminated with saliva and was decontaminated with rifampin, and the defects were filled with the autogenous graft. The animals were killed at 4weeks. Bone formation was assessed by micro-computed tomography scanning and stereological analyses. Results: The mean new bone volume was the greatest in the Ag/rifampin group (1.73±0.17), followed by the Ag group (1.50±0.05) (statistically significant difference at P0.05). Conclusion: This study, despite its limitations, showed that rifampin with autogenous bone increased bone regeneration in rats with critical-size defects. © Copyright 2016 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD

Locally administrated single-dose teriparatide affects critical-size rabbit calvarial defects: A histological, histomorphometric and micro-CT study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of teriparatide (PTH 1-34, rhPTH) on a rabbit defect model with local xenogen grafts histomorphometrically and radiologically

Effect of local rosuvastatin administration on calvarial bone defects

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of the local administration of different doses of rosuvastatin (RSV) on autogenous grafted critical-sized cortical bone defects. Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups: Group C (control), Group RSV-0.1, and Group RSV-1. A 5-mm diameter critical-size defect was created in the calvarium of each animal. In Group C, the defect was filled by autogenous graft and sterile saline-treated absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) was applied. Defects in the experimental groups (groups RSV-0.1 and RSV-1) were grafted by autogenous graft and ACS with saline solution containing 0.1- and 1-mg RSV were applied. All animals were euthanized at 28 days after operation. Stereologic and micro-computed tomography (µCT) analyses were performed. New bone area and connective tissue volumes were measured. Stereologic analysis showed that the difference between group RSV-1 with a mean bone formation of 1.79±0.06mm3 and groups RSV-0.1 and control (C) was statistically significant (P?0.05) with a mean bone formation of 1.29±0.28mm3 and 1.08±0.12mm3, respectively. Connective tissue volume was also significantly higher in 1-mg RSV applicated group. Micro-CT results were similar with stereologic analyses. Local administered 1-mg RSV enhances bone regeneration in critical-size calvarial rat defects filled with autogenous graft. © 2016 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.2014–68370268–01Ecevit University, Zonguldak; zDepartment of Histology and Embry-ology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun; and §Department of Anatomy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Received January 6, 2016. Accepted for publication April 14, 2016. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Akif Türer, PhD, Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Dis¸ Hekimlig^i Fakültesi Ag^iz, Dis¸ ve C¸ene Cerrahisi AD. 67600 Zonguldak; E-mail: [email protected] This research was supported by Scientific Research Project Fund of Bülent Ecevit University with number 2014–68370268–01. The authors report no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2016 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD ISSN: 1049-2275 DOI: 10.1097/SCS.000000000000276

Correlation Of Bacterial Biofilm Grade With Clinical Features In Chronic Rhinosinusitis

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Comparison of icodextrin with thymoquinone: A new hope for postoperative adhesions

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of thymoquinone and icodextrin in rats within the framework of an experimental adhesion model.Materials and Methods: Rats were separated into three groups: (1) a control group consisting of rats that had 2 ml of isotonic solution administered intraperitoneally, (2) an ICO group administered with 2 ml of 4% icodextrin, and (3) a TQ group administered thymoquinone (10 mg/kg), all following cecal abrasion. The three groups underwent a reoperation on the 7th postoperative day. Hydroxyproline levels were analyzed in the resected adhesive tissues, and histopathological investigations were conducted. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses.Results: Fewer postoperative adhesions were observed in the ICO and TQ groups compared with the control group. A comparison of the TQ and ICO groups revealed lowers levels of postoperative adhesions in the TQ group. Compared with the control group, malondialdehyde, 8‑OH‑deoxyguanosine/ deoxyguanosine (8‑OHdG/10dG), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and CoenzymeQ10/ reduced CoenzymeQ10 (CoQ10/CoQ10H) values were found to be lower in the TQ and ICO groups. When the TQ and ICO groups were compared with respect to their biochemical parameters, the results for all of the four parameters were found to be statistically significantly lower in the TQ group (P < 0.000). The levels of hydroxyproline in the control, ICO, and TQ groups were found to be (mean ± standard deviation) 502.25 ± 90.39 μg/g, 342.13 ± 66.61 μg/g, and 287.88 ± 49.59 μg/g, respectively.Conclusions: A comparison of the antiadhesive effects of thymoquinone and icodextrin revealed thymoquinone to be more effective. These results indicate that thymoquinone is an efficient and strong antiadhesive molecule.Keywords: Icodextrin, postoperative adhesions, rat, thymoquinon