New Records For the Turkish Freshwater Algal Flora in Twenty Five River Basins of Turkey, Part Vi: Charophyta

DergiPark: 875740trkjnatAlthough planktonic algae are a basic component of freshwater ecosystems, studies on their diversity and species distribution are still not in satisfactory numbers. This study aims to contribute to Turkish freshwater algal flora particularly with the new records reported. A total of 158 Charophyta taxa were determined in the study conducted from 2017 to 2019 in 25 river basins of Turkey. In this study, while the highest Charophyta taxon was found in Sakarya and Batı Akdeniz basins with 50 and 42 taxa, respectively, Burdur basin was the only basin where we did not find the Charophyta species. The highest Charophyta diversity was observed in Girdev Lake (Batı Akdeniz basin) and Işık Dağı Karagöl Lake (Sakarya basin) among the lakes of Turkey’s 25 river basins. Thirty-one of these Charophyta taxa represent new records for the freshwater algal flora of Turkey. Of these, 13 species are commonly distributed, while 18 species have rare distribution areas. Morphology, ecology, and distribution of each taxon were also discussed in details.Planktonik algler tatlı su ekosistemlerinin temel bir bileşeni olmasına rağmen, onların çeşitliliği ve tür dağılımları konusundaki çalışmalar hala tatmin edici sayılarda değildir. Bu çalışma, özellikle raporlanan yeni kayıtlarla Türkiye tatlı su alg florasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. 2017-2019 yılları arasında Türkiye'nin 25 nehir havzasında yapılan bu çalışmada toplam 158 Charophyta taksonu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, en yüksek Charophyta taksonuna sırasıyla 50 ve 42 takson sayısıyla Sakarya ve Batı Akdeniz havzalarında rastlanırken, Charophyta türüne rastlamadığımız tek havza Burdur olmuştur. Türkiye'nin 25 akarsu havzasındaki göller arasında en fazla Charophyta çeşitliliği Girdev Gölü (Batı Akdeniz havzası) ve Işık Dağı Karagöl (Sakarya havzası)’de görülmüştür. Tespit edilen bu Charophyta taksonlarının 31’i Türkiye'deki tatlısu alg florası için yeni kayıt niteliğindedir. Bunlardan 13 tür yayılış alanı olarak yaygın iken, 18 tür nadir yayılış alanına sahiptir. Her bir taksonun morfolojisi, ekolojisi ve dağılımı da ayrıntılı olarak verilmiştir

Bio-assessment of surface waters in the south-east of Gaziantep (Turkey) using diatom metrics

Diatom metrics can be used to identify the ecological status of water bodies due to their good responses to anthropogenic disturbances. Our study is aimed to use diatom metrics developed from different ecoregions for assessing the ecological status of 11 surface waters in the south-east of the Gaziantep catchment (Turkey). Ecological characterizations of the sampling stations were introduced by Trophic Index Turkey (TIT), Trophic Index (TI), and Eutrophication and/or Pollution Index-Diatom (EPI-D). According to TIT and TI, Karkamış Reservoir had a good ecological condition while it had high ecological status based on EPI-D. This good ecological condition was approved by the presence of pollution sensitive species (e.g., Cymbella affinis, Encyonema minutum, E. silesiacum, Cymbopleura amphicephala, and Navicula radiosa) and relatively low nutrients. Kayacık (TIT ranging 3.15–3.23) and Hancağız (TIT = 3.35) reservoirs had poor and bad ecological conditions, respectively. High nutrient, conductivity, and pollution-tolerant species (e.g., Nitzschia amphibia, N. palea, N. umbonata, N. linearis, N. phyllepta, Tryblionella calida, and Pinnularia brebissonii) supported the ecological statuses of the Hancağız and Kayacık reservoirs. The first two axes of canonical correspondence analysis explained 0.943 of relationships between diatom species and explanatory variables. Explanatory variables, e.g., calcium, conductivity, orthophosphate, nitrate, nitrite, sodium, pH, and sulfur, had strong impacts on the distribution of diatom assemblages among the sampling stations. TIT and TI separated ecological statuses of sampling stations in the south-east of the Gaziantep catchment, which correlated well with the evidence of water chemistry and response of diatom assemblages.Ecological characterizations of the sampling stations were introducedby TIT–Trophic Index Turkey, TI–Trophic Index, and EPI-D–Eutrophication and/or Pollution Index-Diatom. Trophic index Turkey tested in this study provides information about assessment of surface watersin the south-east of the Gaziantep catchment (Turkey). Comparedto EPI-D, TIT was more competitive and had significantpositive correlation with P-PO4. Trophic Index Turkey could be a useful biological metricfor freshwater monitoring

Monitoring of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) released in Karagöl (Nurdağı, Gaziantep)

Gaziantep ili, Nurdağı ilçesi, Karagöl Mevkiinde doğaya 26 adet geyik (Cervus elaphus) salıverilmiştir. Bırakılan geyiklerin bir izleme programı çerçevesinde, dağılımları, sürü davranışları, beslenmeleri ve insanlarla olan ilişkileri gözlemlenmiştir. Bırakılan bireylerin bırakıldıkları alandan çok uzaklara dağılım gösterdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bırakılan bireylerin tek bir sürü oluşturmayıp küçük gruplar halinde alana dağıldıkları belirlenmiştir. Alanda oluşturulmaya çalışılan yabanıl populasyonun 3 üreme dönemind e de başarılı bir şekilde üreyebildikleri tespit edilmiş olup sayıları artmaya devam etmektedir. Bırakılan bireylerin esaret altında çoğaltılmış olması nedeniyle, özellikle yaşlı olanların insandan çok fazla kaçınmadıkları, buna karşın vahşi doğada doğan yavruların insana yaklaşmadıkları ya da insanları kendilerine yaklaştırmadıkları tespit edilmiştir.A total of 26 red deer (Cervus elaphus) released in the province of Karagöl (Nurdağı, Gaziantep). In order to determine distribution, herds behaviours, feeding, relationship between humans and released individuals of red deer monitoring program was made. Released individuals distributed in a very wide area and small shoals were observed. During the monitoring program released individuals reproduced new individuals in each reproduction season and size of wild population have been increasing. While old individuals can be distribute near human settlement, wild born individuals did not prefer to near there

Hydrobiology and ecology in the context of climate change: the future of aquatic ecosystems

<p>Climate change profoundly affects aquatic ecosystems, with consequential impacts on hydrobiology and global biodiversity. This review elucidates the multifaceted relationships between climate change, aquatic ecosystem health, and human society. By synthesizing current research and case studies, it extensively examines the physical impacts of climate change, including sea level rise, temperature fluctuations, and extreme weather events on aquatic environments. The review includes the ecological responses, identifying key areas such as the effects on aquatic organisms, habitat alteration, spread of invasive species, and water quality changes. Economic and social implications are also critically evaluated, focusing on fisheries, aquaculture, water provision, and recreational and cultural values. An in-depth analysis of adaptation and mitigation strategies, technological solutions, and policy recommendations is also presented to address these challenges. Hydrobiology, as the nexus of the study, offers critical insights into the interactions and complexities within aquatic ecosystems, underscoring the vital role of water organisms in maintaining ecosystem functions. Through the lens of hydrobiology, the review emphasizes the necessity for a comprehensive approach to understanding, predicting, and managing the changes occurring in aquatic environments. This review is a foundational resource for researchers, policymakers, environmental managers, and other stakeholders, aiming to foster informed decisions and effective strategies for conserving and sustainably managing aquatic ecosystems in the face of climate change. By highlighting the interconnectedness of climate, water, biology, and human society, it underscores the urgent need for integrative and collaborative efforts to protect the vitality and resilience of our planet's aquatic life.</p&gt

Prediction of removal efficiency of Lanaset Red G on walnut husk using artificial neural network model

An artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to predict removal efficiency of Lanaset Red (LR) G on walnut husk (WH). This adsorbent was characterized by FTIR-ATR. Effects of particle size, adsorbent dose, initial pH value, dye concentration, and contact time were investigated to optimize sorption process. Operating variables were used as the inputs to the constructed neural network to predict the dye uptake at any time as an output. Commonly used pseudo second-order model was fitted to the experimental data to compare with ANN model. According to error analyses and determination of coefficients, ANN was the more appropriate model to describe this sorption process. Results of ANN indicated that pH was the most efficient parameter (43%), followed by initial dye concentration (40%) for sorption of LR G on WH.Scientific Research Projects Executive Council of University of Gaziante

Assessing the environmental impact of functional foods

<p>The emergence and significance of functional foods have drawn attention to their production's ecological consequences. Integrating sustainability in the production process of these foods, known for their positive effects on human health, is critical. A mixed-method approach was employed, utilizing quantitative analysis of industry data and qualitative evaluation through an extensive literature review. The study encompassed various stages, including raw material sourcing, production, processing, packaging, transportation, and consumer behavior. Findings indicate that functional food production may require higher energy and water resources, but advantages were observed in waste management and transportation stages. The study reveals a multifaceted relationship between functional food production and environmental sustainability. Innovative technologies and environmentally friendly methods present potential solutions to mitigate adverse effects. Collaboration within the industry and with regulators, researchers, and consumers is imperative for a holistic approach to environmental stewardship. This research underscores the importance of considering the environmental impacts in the burgeoning field of functional foods, highlighting their increasing significance in human nutrition and health. It calls for targeted strategies, guided by the complexity and variability observed, emphasizing the need for future research, effective policy formulation, and industry-wide sustainable practices. The proliferation of functional health foods is necessary, and continued research is required to facilitate their widespread adoption. The findings provide a basis for further exploration and a pathway towards an environmentally responsible approach in the production of functional foods.</p&gt

Challenges in Functional Food Products with the Incorporation of Some Microalgae

Much attention has been given to the use of microalgae to produce functional foods that have valuable bioactive chemicals, including essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, carotenoids, fiber, and minerals. Microalgal biomasses are increasingly being used to improve the nutritional values of foods because of their unique nutrient compositions that are beneficial to human health. Their protein content and amino acid composition are the most important components. The microalgal biomass used in the therapeutic supplement industry is dominated by bio-compounds like astaxanthin, β-carotene, polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and polysaccharides such as β-glucan. The popularity of microalgal supplements is growing because of the health benefits of their bioactive substances. Moreover, some microalgae, such as Dunaliella, Arthrospira (Spirulina), Chlorella, and Haematococcus, are commonly used microalgal species in functional food production. The incorporation of microalgal biomass leads not only to enhanced nutritional value but also to improved sensory quality of food products without altering their cooking or textural characteristics. Microalgae, because of their eco-friendly potential, have emerged as one of the most promising and novel sources of new functional foods. This study reviews some recent and relevant works, as well as the current challenges for future research, using different methods of chemical modification in foods with the addition of a few commercial algae to allow their use in nutritional and sensory areas. It can be concluded that the production of functional foods through the use of microalgae in foods has become an important issue