2010_2016年国际极地研究综合评价分析

极地在气候系统、全球资源和战略中具有重要意义，并且随着人类对它的开发，极地研究也日益成为地球与环境科学领域的核心和热点议题。基于Web of Science 数据库收录的2010 － 2016 年SCI文章，利用文献计量方法，结合国际政策和战略，分析了2010 － 2016 年极地研究的发展格局和变化趋势。结果表明: ( 1) 近年来国际极地研究论文年发文量总体呈持续增长态势，年均增幅为3． 6%。( 2)发达国家及高纬度国家是极地领域的主要研究力量，美国占据绝对优势。( 3) 在SCI 发表的国际极地研究论文来源期刊共计915 种，来自57 个国家，美国期刊占1 /3。( 4) 结合欧盟极地研究优先领域和文献计量方法得出，极地研究未来新的发展方向侧重于人文及社会因素，重点提倡人类对极地的影响以及新技术应用。建议我国科研人员密切关注国际极地研究的发展态势和进展，鼓励海洋学、气象学、地质学、环境生态学、生物学、社会学和政治学等领域专家有计划地开展极地研究，为我国赢取极地研究国际发言权和参与度。</p

Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Technique Coupled with Chemometric Second-Order Calibration Method for Simultaneous Detection of Thiabendazole and Fuberidazole in Red Wine

噻菌灵和麦穗宁是被广泛应用于预防治疗蔬菜水果病害的苯并咪唑类杀菌剂,二者的荧光光谱重叠严重,常规的荧光方法难以实现同时直接定量分析。本文将激发发射三维荧光技术分别与平行因子分析(PArAfAC)算法和交替三线性分解(ATld)算法相结合直接用于定量分析红葡萄酒中噻菌灵和麦穗宁的残留含量。当体系主成分数为3时,ATld和PArAfAC获得预测样品中噻菌灵和麦穗宁的平均回收率分别为(105.8±2.7)%、(102.1±10.1)%和(102.4±7.6)%、(103.1±9.5)%。本方法可简单、快速、经济、同时地分析红葡萄酒中噻菌灵和麦穗宁含量。Thiabendazole(TBZ) and fuberidazole(FBZ) are a class of benzimidazole fungicides and have been widely applied to protect vegetables and fruits.Conventional fl uorescence spectrum analysis method can hardly simultaneously detect TBZ and FBZ due to their serious spectral overlap.The simultaneous determination of TBZ and FBZ in red wine by excitation-emission fluorescence matrices(EEMs) combined with parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC) and alternating tri-linear decomposition(ATLD) was developed in this study.The prediction recoveries of TBZ and FBZ in the prediction set by PARAFAC and ATLD were(105.8±2.7)%,(102.1±10.1)% and(102.4±7.6)%,(103.1±9.5)% respectively,when the principal component number was 3.The method is simple,fast,low-cost,and suitable for the simultaneous determination of TBZ and FBZ in red wine.国家自然科学基金项目(21127005;21375111); 福建省科技重点项目(2009Y0046

国际海洋科技领域研究热点及未来布局

近年来, 全球海洋研究呈现出若干新的特点。本文基于对近年来全球重要海洋研究进展信息,分析了全球环境变化背景下几个重要研究热点方向的最新进展, 包括全球海洋物理环境变化研究、海洋塑料污染研究、海洋酸化研究、南北极和印度洋研究以及海洋技术开发等。基于对美国、英国、日本和俄罗斯等重要海洋国家最新发布的海洋科技创新政策和计划, 分析了各国海洋科技未来布局和重点关注领域。最后, 总结了全球海洋领域的发展趋势: (1) 气候变化问题在海洋中的延伸效应将持续受到关注; (2) 全球性海洋环境问题的导向作用更加明显; (3) 海洋技术向智能化方向发展; (4) 海洋战略规划的引领作用日渐加强。</p

Rapid Determination of Benzo(a)pyrene in Seafood by Second-derivative Constant-energy Synchronous Fluorescence Spectrometry

海产品中的多环芳烃主要来自于水体污染,而苯并(A)芘是公认的多环芳烃指标,本文针对海产品中的苯并(A)芘含量的检测,建立了简单快速的海产品中的苯并(A)芘含量的二阶导数恒能量同步荧光检测法。海产品样品经过微波辅助皂化萃取后,正己烷萃取液被旋蒸干,后再溶解于二氯甲烷溶液中,以二阶导数恒能量同步荧光光谱法检测,设定恒能量差为1400 CM-1,扫描范围为300~500 nM,对其中的苯并(A)芘进行快速检测,根据海产品样品的谱图特性,用负峰-基线法读荧光强度值,连续标准加入法进行定量分析,整个光谱扫描所需时间只需1 MIn。对实际样品检测回收率在80.5%~118.2%之间,检测限为0.10μg/kg,定量限为0.34μg/kg,线性范围为0.34~250μg/kg。对海产品样品的荧光检测结果与HPlC-fl检测结果基本一致,对有证多环芳烃标准物质的检测结果与参考值一致。Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in seafood samples were ascribed to water pollution,while benzo(a)pyrene was recognized as an indicator of PAHs.A simple and rapid analytical method was developed by combining microwave-assisted pretreatment with second-derivative constant-energy synchronous fluorescence scanning technique for the determination of the benzo(a)pyrene content in seafood samples.The samples were firstly processed with microwave pretreatment,and the extractions were vaporized and redissolved into dichloromethane for further detection.According to the specific spectral properties of seafood samples,peak-to-derivative baseline measurement was used to read the fluorescence data,and standard addition method was applied to the quantitative analysis of seafood samples.The whole spectroscopic scan cost only 1 min.The recoveries ranged from 80.5% to 118.2% for seafood samples and the detection limit was 0.10 μg/kg with linear range from 0.34 to 250 μg/kg.The results obtained with this method were in consistence with those of HPLC-FL method.The satisfactory results acquired by using this method to analyze a certified reference material with a relative error of 7.1% from the certified benzo(a)pyrene concentration.国家自然科学基金资助项目(21375111;21127005); 教育部博士点基金(20110121110011

基于多维决策分析的海湾海岸带主体功能区划技术研究

文章根据海岸带区域特征,剖析了主体功能区划内涵,遵循基于生态系统管理以及海陆统筹等原则,构建了基于多维决策分析的海湾海岸带主体功能区划技术方法,包括海湾海岸带主体功能区划原则、技术框架和分析方法。2009年度海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目“海岸带主体功能区划分技术体系框架研究与应用示范(200905005-06)