Design and operation balances of photovoltaic power plant situated on the roof of a house

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá malými fotovoltaickými elektrárnami. V úvodu je zpracována rešerše na toto téma, kde najdeme informace o fotovoltaických panelech, systémech a možnostech finanční podpory na zřízení a provoz těchto elektráren. Ve druhé části je zpracovaný návrh takové elektrárny na střechu zvoleného objektu, včetně jeho ekonomické bilance.This Bachelor's thesis focuses on small photovoltaic power plants. The thesis first offers a theoretical overview of the topic including details about solar panels and systems. It also explores the different types of provided financial support for construction and operation of the power plants. The second part presents a project of a solar power plant designated for rooftops and provides a basic financial analysis of the proposal

Generating faster algorithms for d-Path Vertex Cover

Many algorithms which exactly solve hard problems require branching on more or less complex structures in order to do their job. Those who design such algorithms often find themselves doing a meticulous analysis of numerous different cases in order to identify these structures and design suitable branching rules, all done by hand. This process tends to be error prone and often the resulting algorithm may be difficult to implement in practice. In this work, we aim to automate a part of this process and focus on simplicity of the resulting implementation. We showcase our approach on the following problem. For a constant $d$, the $d$-Path Vertex Cover problem ($d$-PVC) is as follows: Given an undirected graph and an integer $k$, find a subset of at most $k$ vertices of the graph, such that their deletion results in a graph not containing a path on $d$ vertices as a subgraph. We develop a fully automated framework to generate parameterized branching algorithms for the problem and obtain algorithms outperforming those previously known for $3 \le d \le 8$. E.g., we show that $5$-PVC can be solved in $O(2.7^k\cdot n^{O(1)})$ time

Analysis and Design of Implementation of Class F Airspace in the Czech Republic

This article analyses the airspace of the Czech Republic and suggests the implementation of class F airspace in the Czech Republic for IFR flights at uncontrolled aerodromes. It also suggests procedures and technologies for increasing of safety when performing IFR flights at these aerodromes in class F airspace

Phenotypic characterization of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 substrains reveals differences in sensitivity to abiotic stress

© 2017 Zavřel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is a widely used model cyanobacterium, whose substrains can vary on both genotype and phenotype levels. Previously described phenotypic variations include ability of mixotrophic growth, ability of movement on agar plates and variations in pigments composition or cell size. In this study, we report for the first time significant variation among Synechocystis substrains in complex cellular traits such as growth rate, photosynthesis efficiency, cellular dry weight and cellular composition (including protein or carbohydrates content). We also confirmed previously reported differences in cell size. Synechocystis cultures were cultivated in controlled environment of flat panel photobioreactors under red, blue and white light of intensities up to 790 μmol(photons) m-2 s-1, temperatures 23C–60C, input CO2 concentrations ranging from 400 to 15 000 ppm and in BG11 cultivation medium with and without addition of NaCl. Three Synechocystis substrains were used for the comparative experiments: GT-L, GT-B (Brno, CZ) and PCC-B (Brno, CZ). Growth rates of Synechocystis GT-B were inhibited under high intensities of red light (585–670 nm), and growth rates of both substrains GT-B and PCC-B were inhibited under photons of wavelengths 485–585 nm and 670–700 nm. Synechocystis GT-B was more sensitive to low temperatures than the other two tested substrains, and Synechocystis GT-L was sensitive to the presence of NaCl in the cultivation media. The results suggest that stress sensitivity of commonly used Synechocystis substrains can strongly vary, similarly as glucose tolerance or motility as reported previously. Our study further supports the previous statement that emphasizes importance of proper Synechocystis substrains selection and awareness of phenotypical differences among Synechocystis substrains which is crucial for comparative and reproducible research. This is highly relevant for studies related to stress physiology and development of sustainable biotechnological applications

Analytical wavefront curvature correction to plane-wave reflection coefficients for a weak-contrast interface

Most amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis and inversion techniques are based on the Zoeppritz equations for plane-wave reflection coefficients or their approximations. Real seismic surveys use localized sources that produce spherical waves, rather than plane waves. In the far-field, the AVO response for a spherical wave reflected from a plane interface can be well approximated by a plane-wave response. However this approximation breaks down in the vicinity of the critical angle. Conventional AVO analysis ignores this problem and always utilizes the plane-wave response. This approach is sufficiently accurate as long as the angles of incidence are much smaller than the critical angle. Such moderate angles are more than sufficient for the standard estimation of the AVO intercept and gradient. However, when independent estimation of the formation density is required, it may be important to use large incidence angles close to the critical angle, where spherical wave effects become important. For the amplitude of a spherical wave reflected from a plane fluid-fluid interface, an analytical approximation is known, which provides a correction to the plane-wave reflection coefficients for all angles. For the amplitude of a spherical wave reflected from a solid/solid interface, we propose a formula that combines this analytical approximation with the linearized plane-wave AVO equation. The proposed approximation shows reasonable agreement with numerical simulations for a range of frequencies. Using this solution, we constructed a two-layer three-parameter least-squares inversion algorithm. Application of this algorithm to synthetic data for a single plane interface shows an improvement compared to the use of plane-wave reflection coefficients

The Segmental Lining for Mechanized Tunnelling

Import 23/07/2015Tato bakalářská práce je zaměřena na segmentové ostění, které je instalováno během mechanizované ražby. Ostění je prováděno přímo za tunelovacím strojem a tvoří tak nedílnou součást této metody tunelovaní. Hlavní výhodou této metody je rychlost provádění, bezpečnost práce a ekonomické hledisko. Cílem této práce je popsání hlavních prvků, ze kterých se segmenty skládají. Jsou zde dále uvedeny materiály, ze kterých se ostění v dnešní době provádí a způsoby výroby tubingů. V České republice se tato metoda teprve rozvíjí a uvádí do praxe, z tohoto důvodu je zde uveden projekt, který se realizoval v nedávné době a to prodloužená trasa metra V.A v Praze. Na závěr jsou spočtena zatížení, která mohou působit na ostění při různých situacích.This bachelor work is focused on the segmental lining being installed in the course of mechanical tunnelling process. The lining is carried out directly behind the tunnelling machine, and creates an integral part of this tunnelling method. The main advantages of this method are the performance speed, the safety at work, and the economic point of view. The objective of this work consists in the description of the main elements from which the segments are composed, materials of which the lining is presently manufactured, and the tubing making process itself. In the Czech Republic this method is now in the state of development and putting in practice. This is also the reason for dealing with the project which was implemented in recent times, i.e. the V.A prolonged metro line in Prague. At the conclusion the loads which can act on the lining at various situations are calculated.224 - Katedra geotechniky a podzemního stavitelstvívelmi dobř