Optical Coherent Tomography changes in retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex in different stages of open-angle glaucoma

Цел: Да се оценят количествените показатели: ганглийно-клетъчен комплекс (GCC) и перипапиларния неврофибрилерен слой (RNFL ), получени с оптична кохерентна томография (ОСТ) при различни стадии на откритоъгълна глаукома.Методи: Посредством RTVue-100 (Optovue Inc, Fremont, СА) са изследвани 60 очи на З4 болни с откритоъгьлна глаукома и 60 очи на З0 здрави лица. В зависимост от периметричните глобални индекси MD и PSD (Нumphrey analyzer), глаукомните очи са разделени в 2 групи: с начална глаукома ЗЗ очи и с напреднала глаукома 27 очи. На всички обхванати в изследването очи са анализирани GCC и RNFL (по 2 протокола на RTVue - ONH и RNFL З.45).Резултати: Средната стойност на GCC (GCC average) е най-голяма при нормални очи, следвана от тази при глаукомни очи в ранен стадий и глаукомни очи в напреднал стадий (96.7±5.3 с/у 81.0±9.45.3 с/у 75.0±16.8). Между очи с ранна и с напреднала глаукома не се установява статистически значима разлика по отношение на показателите GCC average, GCC superior и GCC inferior. Дебелината на перипапиларния неврофибрилерен слой обаче, измерена и по двата модула, се различава статистически значимо при ранна и напреднала глаукома (Р<0.001).Заключение: Нашите резултати показват, че измерването на перипапиларния RNFL е по-надежден ОСТ-показател за проследяване прогресията на глаукомата.Purpose: To evaluate the quantitative measurements of ganglion cell complex (GCC) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) obtained by optical coherent tomography (OCT) in different stages of open-angle glaucoma.Methods: Sixty eyes of 34 patients with open-angle glaucoma and 60 eyes of 30 healthy people are examined using RTV-ue 100 (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA). According to visual field global indices MD and PSD (Humphrey Analyzer) glaucomatous eyes are separated into two groups: 33 eyes with early glaucoma and 27 eyes with advanced glaucoma. GCC and RNFL (using two scanning protocols of RTV-ue - ONH and RNFL 3.45) are analyzed in all of the eyes included in the study.Results: GCC average is with highest values in normal eyes, followed by the glaucomatous eyes in early stage and glaucomatous eyes in advanced stage (96.7±5.3ô€‚— versus 81.0±9.4ô€‚— versus 75.0±16.8ô€‚—). Concerning the indices GCC average, GCC superior and GCC inferior in eyes with early and advanced glaucoma statistically significant difference is not found (respectively P=0.081, P=1.00, P=0.335). However, the thickness of the peripapillary nerve fiber layer, measured by the two scanning protocols, is statistically significantly different in early and advanced glaucoma (p<0.001).Conclusion: Our results show that measurement of the peripapillary RNFL is more reliable OCT indicator for follow-up of glaucoma progression

Topometric indices in patients with corneal ectasia and healthy controls

Introduction: Keratoconus and marginal pelucid degeneration are bilateral, non-inflammatory diseases of the cornea, characterized by stromal thinning and progressive protrusion. They lead to a significant deterioration of the visual acuity due to irregular astigmatism. Sometimes these two conditions are hard to distinguish from one another.Aim: The aim of this article is to determine the diagnostic value of the topometric indices and their role in diagnosing corneal ectasia.Patients and Methods: Using corneal topography OCULUS Keratograph 5M, we examined 80 eyes of 43 patients with corneal ectasia and 86 eyes of 43 patients with no signs of corneal disease. We evaluated the topographic maps and the following indices generated by the device: Rv (vertical radius), Rh (horizontal radius), Kmax, ISV (index of surface variance), IVA (index of vertical asymmetry), KI (keratoconus index), CKI (center keratoconus index), RMin (minimal radius), IHA (index of height asymmetry), IHD (index of height decentration), ABR (aberration). The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 15 and the following test: Mann–Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results: Statistically significant difference was found for all the examined parameters p < 0.001 using 95% confidence interval. The ROC analysis determined area under the curve in the range from 0.992 for ABR and IHA to 0.927 for CKI.Conclusion: The topometric indices have excellent capabilities in differentiating ectatic from normal corneas.Purpose: To determine the diagnostic value of the topometric indices and their role in diagnosing corneal ectasia.Patients and methods: Using corneal topography OCULUS Keratograph 5M  we examined  80 eyes of 43 patients with corneal ectasia and 86 eye of 43 patients with no signs of corneal disease. We evaluated the topographic maps and the following indices generated by the device: Rv(Vertical radius), Rh (horizontal radius), Кmax, ISV (Index of Surface Variance),  IVA- (Index of Vertical Asymmetry), KI - (Keratoconus Index), CKI- (Center Keratoconus Index ), RMin (Minimal radius),IHA-(Index of Height Asymmetry), IHD- (Index of Height Decentration), ABR( Aberration). The statistical analyzis was performed by SPSS version 15 and the following test: (Mann–Whitney U test) и ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis).Results: Statistically significant difference was found for all of the examined parameters p<0.001 using 95% confidence interval. The ROC analysis determined area under the curve in the range from 0,992 for ABR and IHA to 0,927 for CKI.Conclusion: The topometric indices have excellent capabilties in differentiating ectatic from normal corneas

The Evolution and Innovation in the Regulation of Priority Areas of a Sustainable Development of Pharmaceutical Sector

The priority direction of the domestic economy is the sphere of public security. In a stable economy, the state is able to provide the population with all the necessary means to preserve life and health. Data allow sequence of events of scientific ideas and legal problems to be established as a result of studies of the materials. The implementation of reforms has allowed the country to improve the quality of medicines and access to medicine

Intensive Care Outcomes and Differences Between Survivors and Deceased Patients in a Terminal Coma: A Retrospective Observational Study

Background. Early prognosis for the outcome of a coma-induced critical condition is central to selecting an optimal tactic for patient management. This question remains insufficiently studied, thus justifying the task of identifying significant criteria for differences in terminal coma patients (stage III, irreversible) who died and those recovered to different levels of consciousness.Objectives. To analyze the intensive care outcomes for patients in a terminal coma and to establish differences between the initial state of patients who have died and those who have recovered to different levels of consciousness.Methods. A retrospective observational study was conducted on 210 patients aged 21 to 65 hospitalized in the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Unit of Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Krasnodarsky Krai) with a diagnosis of terminal coma in the period from 2010 to 2015. The study did not include patients with pregnancy, histologically-confirmed malignancies, cardiovascular diseases (NYHA classes III-IV, according to the New York Heart Association Functional Classification), terminal liver cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease at the stage of hemodialysis. Depending on the critical condition outcome, the admitted patients were divided into groups: group 1 (n = 101) — patients with adverse outcomes; group 2 (n = 109) — patients with relatively favorable outcomes (recovery to a level of consciousness at score 4 and higher, according to The Glasgow Coma Scale). The condition was assessed with referring to available clinical data. Statistical processing of the obtained study results was carried out via nonparametric techniques using Microsoft Excel 10 (Microsoft, USA) and Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft, USA).Results. The mortality structure against the background of a terminal coma in the following diagnosis: polytrauma — 54%, hemorrhagic stroke — 56%, isolated traumatic brain injury — 37%, acute cerebrovascular accidents (ischemic type) — 33% and acute posthypoxic dyscirculatory encephalopathy — 11%. Intergroup differences between the deceased and survivors were obtained in the following parameters: age (older with unfavorable outcome); base deficit — by 52%; glucose — by 47.6%; troponin — by 47.1%; potassium — by 13.7% and daily diuresis — by 27.5%.Conclusion. The obtained results are likely to be used in a combination of clinical, instrumental and laboratory examinations in order to provide early detection of the risk group with an adverse outcome

HHT-based Analysis of ECG Signals of Patients with Borderline Mental Disorders

This paper describes a solution for borderline mental disorders detection. This approach is based on the ECG processing by Hilbert-Huang Transformation. The described approach allows to develop an additional module for mental disorders diagnostic systems. The research is based on the fact that in the conditions of borderline mental disorders there are changes in patients&#x0027; heart function. Detection of significant ECG informative parameters is based on the effective and accurate measurement of amplitude, time, frequency and energy parameters of the ECG signal. A verified and registered database of 780 ECG signals of patients with borderline mental disorders and healthy people is used. The proposed method is described and the results are shown. The errors of the method with current sampling do not exceed 4&#x0025;. The developed approach using volumetric spectral surfaces has showed a high probability of determining the period of occurrence of psycho-traumatic situations in various patients using the ECG

Provision of acoustic safety in areas adjoining industrial enterprises

The investigation is concerned with the power equipment of a substation. The purpose of the work is to develop the algorithms and software for continuous control of the condition and analysis of the substation equipment operation. The author has proposed a mathematical model, has developed algorithms for improvement of the truth of the initial data, new algorithms for analysis and diagnosis of power equipment and a model of data base, has developed a microprocessor data diagnostic system unknown in the art. The series production of the data diagnostic system has been started. The systems have found a broad practical applicationAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Research of combined reagent schemes of activation leaching of gold from oxidized ores of the Malmyzh field

The results of studies of the cyanide and an alternative methods for leaching gold and silver from oxidized ores of the Malmyzh field are presented. The possibility of recovering gold and silver from oxidized porphyry copper ores by thiosulfate solutions in agitation and percolation modes without intensifying the process – heating the solutions and adding copper ions – has been shown. Also, in a separate cycle – copper leaching with low-concentration sulfuric acid-sulfite solutions with additional opening of the silicate matrix with ammonium hydrofluoride – has been studied. The possibility of using ammonia-thiosulfate leaching in percolation mode has been investigated