IL-26 in allergic contact dermatitis: resource in a state of readiness

In this study, we investigated the role of IL-26 in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), highlighting its contribute in the cytotoxic mechanism responsible of the tissue injury. IL-26 is a signature Th17 cytokine, and immune cells are its predominant sources. Recently, it has shown that Th17 cell-derived-IL-26 functions like an antimicrobial peptide. Here, we hypothesized that IL-26 could be involved in cytotoxicity mechanism, that underlies ACD. Indeed, we have attributed a role to IL-26 in this context, through PBMC cytotoxicity assays versus Hacat. In order to demonstrate that IL-26 was effectively involved in this activity, we performed the assay using transfected ACD PBMCs by siRNA for IL-26. Indeed, we demonstrated that these cells were less able to kill keratinocytes compared to ACD PBMC (p<0.01). In conclusion, our findings support the idea that this emergent cytokine, IL-26, is implicated in the killing mechanisms of KC observed during ACD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Handwritten Devanagari Text Recognition using Single Classifier Approach with VSPCA Scheme

In this research paper we used individual classifier approach for Handwritten Devanagari text recognition. We experimented different categorical classifiers namely &nbsp; Random Forest Classifier (RFC), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K Nearest Neighbor Classifier (KNN), Logistic Regression Classifier (LogRegr), Decision Tree Classifier (DTree). Seven different feature sets are used namely Eccentricity, Euler Number, Horizontal Histogram, Vertical Histogram, HOG Features, LBP Features, and Statistical Features. The experimentation is carried out on 9434 different characters whose features are extracted from 220 handwritten image documents from PHDIndic_11 dataset. We deduced and implemented a unique scheme namely VSPCA scheme. VSPCA is Vectorization, Scaling, and Principal Component Analysis carried out on all feature sets before being given for model training. We obtained varied accuracies using all these five classifiers on all these six feature sets in which 99.52% highest accuracy is observed

Gold Import in India :The Changing Scenario : 2006-12

Increasing Current Account Deficit  (CAD) of India has become a the biggest problem in the development of the Indian Economy.  And has become the world’s third-largest current account deficit facing Country.  It’s facing the danger to reach up to up to  $90 billion.  The main causes for high Current Account Deficit are : 1)      An unending appetite for gold, resulting in huge imports i.e. hundreds of tones of Gold has been imported against the precious and less stock of Foreign Currency .  This underlined that India is the world’s biggest consumer of the Gold.2)      It has played a major role in driving the rupee to a record low. 3)      India imported approximately 860mt.tones of gold in 2012. 4)      Gold and silver imports in April-October, 2013 declined by 12.86 per cent to USD 24 billion compared to USD 28 billion in the same period last year due to the restrictions imposed by the Reserve Bank of India to control the gold imports. The RBI and Central government of Indiatrust that those measures would help to bring down current account deficit. However, the merchants association thinks it would be counterproductive. The RBI restriction would lead to shortage of gold in the domestic market and artificial price rise may take place as well the decline in gold price in international market would not be reflected in local market price because of the RBI order. There is a distinct possibility of gold price rising in domestic market also. These trends in turn would lead to smuggling, black marketing and hoarding of gold which is fatal to the Indian economy. If India can resolve those gold imports related problems, it could solve the country’s economic problems, decline the current account deficit, appreciate the rupee and boost growth

Binarization Technique on Historical Documents using Edge Width Detection

Document images often suffer from different types of degradation that renders the document image binarization is a challenging task. Document image binarization is of great significance in the document image analysis and recognition process because it affects additional steps of the recognition development. The Comparison of image gradient and image contrast is estimated by the local maximum and minimum which has high quality. So, it is more tolerant to the rough lighting and other types of document degradation such as low contrast images and partially visible images. The distinction between the foreground text and the background text of different document images is a difficult task. This paper presents a new document image binarization technique that focus on these issues using adaptive image contrast. The grouping of the local image contrast and the local image slope is the adaptive image contrast so as to tolerate the text and surroundings distinction caused by dissimilar types of text degradations. In image binarization technique, the construction of adaptive contrast map is done for an input degraded document image which is then adaptively binarized and combined with Canny’s edge detector to recognize the text stroke edge pixels. The document text is advance segmented by means of a local threshold. We try to apply the self-training adaptive binarization approach on existing binarization methods, which improves not only the performance of existing binarization methods, but also the, toughness on different kinds of degraded document images. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15066

Indian Investors and Chase for Gold : An Appraisal for 2010 and 2011

The  main function of gold in India  was to merely to beautify and act as a status symbol. The emotional investment in it was very huge.  And recycling the same was highly impossible. The current scenario made it clear that an increasing number of Indians are realizing that gold deserves a place not just in the locker at home or at the bank,  but also in their investment portfolio. Gold purchases in India accounted for 32 per cent of the global total in 2010. Also, observed that consumption of gold in India was increased marginally by 1.7 per cent during the year 2011 and  touched around 980 tonnes compared to 963.1 tonnes of the previous year.  Approximately  75 per cent of the total Indian gold is converted into jwellery in 2010, the remainder accounted for by investment and technology.The macroeconomic forecast to 2020 showed,  India is balanced for a very strong period of economic growth and this has significant, positive implications for all forms of gold purchasing in India. The 50 per cent of the Indian population is below 25 years and approximately 150 million weddings are  expected  over the next decade, which will drive gold consumption.OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is ‘to comprehend the ever-growing demand for gold in India irrespective of the continuous appreciation in its prices’.HYPOTHESES The hypotheses is that ‘Indian demand for savings and real income levels will drive gold and  not by price. The concluding observation is that emerging socio-economic trends may provide some challenges to the gold market; however, purchasing will be continued by India’s long-standing and deep cultural affinity towards the  gold. man","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'&gt;The macroeconomic forecast to 2020 showed,  India is balanced for a very strong period of economic growth and this has significant, positive implications for all forms of gold purchasing in India. The 50 per cent of the Indian population is below 25 years and approximately 150 million weddings are  expected  over the next decade, which will drive gold consumption

Nail Lichen Planus: Successful Treatment with Etanercept

BACKGROUND: Etanercept is a fully human tumor necrosis factor a receptor fusion protein that binds tumor necrosis factor a with greater affinity than natural receptors. Biologics are widely used in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis and may represent a new therapeutic option for some patients with psoriatic nail disease. CASE REPORT: We report a case of lichen planus limited to the toe nails successfully treated with etanercept monotherapy. CONCLUSION: The significant improvement of our case suggests that etanercept is an effective treatment modality for lichen planus limited particularly to the nails. Further controlled studies are needed to establish the effectiveness and therapeutic regimes

Pool Toes: A Case Report.

Pool toes, a sport-related dermatosis, are caused by mechanical friction and water exposure, resulting in a special variant of irritant contact dermatitis. It is common in children, often misdiagnosed, and rarely reported. Here we report a case of a 7-year-old girl who developed this unusual type of frictional dermatitis; a pool toes diagnosis has been made. With topical corticosteroids, favorable results have been achieved. The recovery and healing process will be facilitated if one is aware of the underlying causes of such dermatitis and ceases the triggering factors

Mast cell chymase is increased in chronic atopic dermatitis but not in psoriasis

Mast cell chymase is a chymotrypsin-like serine proteinase primarily stored in secretory mast cell granules. Mast cell chymase has various effects on angiotensin, metalloproteases, lipoproteins, procollagen, neuropeptides and cytokines. Recent studies have demonstrated that chymase inhibitors inhibit skin inflammation. In this study we sought to determine the role of mast cell chymase in atopic dermatitis (AD) in comparison with its role in psoriasis and normal skin. Skin biopsy specimens were obtained from non-lesional and lesional skin of patients with chronic AD and psoriasis and from normal skin of non-atopic and non-psoriatic controls. The number of mast cells containing chymase was determined by immunohistochemistry using a chymase-specific monoclonal antibody. A significantly (P<0.05) enhanced number of chymase-positive cells was found in lesional AD skin as compared to normal skin as well as to lesional and non-lesional skin of patients with psoriasis. A significant (P<0.05) increase in the number of chymase-positive cells was also found in non-lesional AD skin in comparison to psoriasis. An enhanced, albeit not statistically significant difference was noted in non-lesional AD skin as compared to normal skin. In conclusion, these results suggest that mast cell chymase may play an integral part in eliciting and maintaining cutaneous inflammation in AD but not in psoriasis. The increased proteinase activity of mast cell chymase may also be involved in promoting a skin barrier defect in AD, which subsequently enhances the skin's permeability to allergens and microbes and thereby aggravates the eczem