Composite components under impact load and effects of defects on the loading capacity

Investigations were carried out on a horizontal tail assembly made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic for the Alpha Jet. The possibility of obtaining a leading edge nose design lighter but not more expensive than a metal version was studied. An important consideration was sufficient resistance of the leading edge against impact of stones and hailstones combined with high degree of stiffness. The improvement of energy reception characteristics of the materials through suitable laminate design was considered. Since certain defects occur in structural components, the effects of such defects on the characteristics of the parts were also studied

Environmental leaders and pioneers: agents of change?

© 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This article distinguishes between states acting as environmental leaders or pioneers. While leaders usually actively seek to attract followers, this is not normally the case for pioneers. Dependent on their internal and external ambitions, states may take on the position of a laggard, pioneer, pusher or symbolic leader. When doing so, states employ various combinations of types and styles of leadership or pioneership. Four types of leadership/pioneership–structural, entrepreneurial, cognitive and exemplary–and two styles of leadership/pioneership–transactional/humdrum and transformational/heroic–are used to assess leaders and pioneers. The novel analytical framework put forward is intended to generate greater conceptual clarity, which is urgently needed for more meaningful theory-guided cumulative empirical research on leaders and pioneers

Still the century of ‘new’ environmental policy instruments? Exploring patterns of innovation and continuity

This article re-examines the political interest in and use of ‘new' environmental policy instruments (NEPIs) and other non-regulatory modes of governance. It starts by taking stock of the dynamic debate that has emerged around this topic since the turn of the century. It then contextualizes that debate by examining subsequent challenges to, and transformations in state-led governing and the widely acknowledged rise of 'new governance' more generally. It highlights the mismatch between: (a) the animated discussion of new instruments amongst policy makers and academics; and (b), the less active adoption and performance of them in practice. It makes an overall assessment of the role of instruments - both ‘old' and ‘new' - in the wider debate about governance, and suggests some steps that could be taken by both practitioners and scholars better to understand and possibly even utilise more NEPIs in the future

Intrinsic power supply

Tato práce se zabývá vývojem jiskrově bezpečného zdroje určeného pro napájení zařízení v prostorách s nebezpečím výbuchu. V souvislosti s tím jsou v práci vysvětleny pojmy související s jiskrovou bezpečností. Je zde popsána definice jiskrově bezpečných zařízení, požadavky na jejich parametry a popis s tím souvisejících norem. Práce se dále zabývá návrhem vnitřních obvodů zdroje, jejichž principy jsou vysvětleny na blokovém schématu. Pro realizaci jednotlivých prvků blokového schématu jsou zde navrženy vhodné součástky a vypočítány jejich požadované parametry. Zdroj je následně sestaven a jsou zde ověřeny jeho parametry.This thesis discusses development of intrinsically safe power supply designed for powering devices installed in areas with potentially explosive atmospheres. In this context, the work explains the concepts of intrinsic safety. Thesis describes the basic definition of intrinsically safe equipment, device parameter requirements and description of related standards matching ATEX directive. Thesis focuses on the design of internal circuits of intrinsically safe power supply whose principles are explained on the block diagram. Concrete parts of the block diagram are discussed and parameters of suitable components are calculated. The power supply is then built and its parameters are measured.

Hydrology In Zimbabwe —The Past And The Future

A GEM article on Zimbabwe's hydrology systems.With the advent of independence in Zimbabwe, the accent on water resource development has changed. The new Government's major thrust turned to the-rural areas and thus rural water supply development gained in importance. It is in this sector that outside foreign donor aid has played a major and significant role. While this paper describes the history of hydrology in Zimbabwe, it is of course difficult to divorce this from water resources development generally and indeed the author has not attempted to do this.

Finanzpolitik: Stärker auf Ergebnisse hin orientieren

Eckhard Wurzel, OECD, sieht im starken Rückgang der Bevölkerung im erwerbsfähigen Alter, in den Verschiebungen in der Altersstruktur und in den sich verstärkenden regionalen Ungleichgewichten der Bevölkerungsentwicklung eine neue große Herausforderung für die Wirtschafts- und Fiskalpolitik der ostdeutschen Länder. Bei der Evaluierung und der Planung der Ausgabeprogramme sei es entscheidend, externe Effekte von Infrastrukturprojekten über gegenwärtige Länder- und Gemeindegrenzen hinweg mit einzubeziehen.Finanzpolitik, Wirtschaftspolitik, Demographie, Neue Bundesländer

Paradigmenuniformität aus historischer Perspektive : Ausgleich und Morphologisierung

Aufbau und Abbau von Allomorphie in den Flexionsparadigmen sind in den Sprachen, die über eine Flexionsmorphologie verfügen, immer wieder zu beobachten. [...] Im folgenden sollen einige wesentliche Aspekte des paradigmatischen Ausgleichs anhand von relevanten Fakten diskutiert werden