3,216 research outputs found
Automated microorganism Sample Collection Module
Modified Gelman Sampler obtains representative sample of microorganism population. Proposed Sample Collection Module is based on direct inoculation of selected solid growth media encased in a cartridge at all times except during inoculation. Cartridge can be handled with no danger of contamination to sample or operator
Germanistische Institutspartnerschaften : Grenzen und Möglichkeiten ; Erfahrungen einer universitären Langzeit-Kooperation
Wenn wie im Falle des Instituts für Angewandte Linguistik und Translatologie der Universität Leipzig eine mehr als zehnjährige Germanistische Institutspartnerschaft mit gleich zwei russischen Partnern – den Übersetzer-Fakultäten der Linguistischen Universitäten Moskau und Pjatigorsk – nunmehr ihren Abschluss findet, so bietet es sich natürlich an zu fragen, was die GIP-Langzeitkooperation beiden Seiten an messbaren wissenschaftlichen, wissenschaftsmethodischen und curricularen Ergebnissen, an „Zuwächsen“ im Sinne der Nachwuchsförderung, des Austauschs von Dozenten und Studierenden gebracht hat. Die Bilanz – von uns dargelegt im Jubiläumsband 52 der Dokumente & Materialien des Deutschen Akademischen Austausch Dienstes – kann sich durchaus sehen lassen und rechtfertigt nicht nur die aufgewandten Mittel, sondern auch die kontinuierliche Arbeit, den nachhaltigen Einsatz und die vielfältigen Initiativen der zahlreichen Beteiligten auf beiden Seiten
Retention of Stellar-Mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters
Globular clusters should be born with significant numbers of stellar-mass
black holes (BHs). It has been thought for two decades that very few of these
BHs could be retained through the cluster lifetime. With masses ~10 MSun, BHs
are ~20 times more massive than an average cluster star. They segregate into
the cluster core, where they may eventually decouple from the remainder of the
cluster. The small-N core then evaporates on a short timescale. This is the
so-called Spitzer instability. Here we present the results of a full dynamical
simulation of a globular cluster containing many stellar-mass BHs with a
realistic mass spectrum. Our Monte Carlo simulation code includes detailed
treatments of all relevant stellar evolution and dynamical processes. Our main
finding is that old globular clusters could still contain many BHs at present.
In our simulation, we find no evidence for the Spitzer instability. Instead,
most of the BHs remain well-mixed with the rest of the cluster, with only the
innermost few tens of BHs segregating significantly. Over the 12 Gyr evolution,
fewer than half of the BHs are dynamically ejected through strong binary
interactions in the cluster core. The presence of BHs leads to long-term
heating of the cluster, ultimately producing a core radius on the high end of
the distribution for Milky Way globular clusters (and those of other galaxies).
A crude extrapolation from our model suggests that the BH--BH merger rate from
globular clusters could be comparable to the rate in the field.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, published in Astrophysical Journal
Letter
Mediation of Victim Offender Conflict
This article will attempt to not only describe the process of applying mediation techniques in victim offender conflict, but to also examine the extent to which it may be similar to other applications of mediation. Specific areas to be addressed in this article include: an overview of the victim offender mediation process; client satisfaction with a victim offender mediation program in Minnesota; the meaning of fairness to victims in mediation; and a comparison with the traditional definition of mediation
Mediation of Victim Offender Conflict
This article will attempt to not only describe the process of applying mediation techniques in victim offender conflict, but to also examine the extent to which it may be similar to other applications of mediation. Specific areas to be addressed in this article include: an overview of the victim offender mediation process; client satisfaction with a victim offender mediation program in Minnesota; the meaning of fairness to victims in mediation; and a comparison with the traditional definition of mediation
Constraining Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters
Decades after the first predictions of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs)
in globular clusters (GCs) there is still no unambiguous observational evidence
for their existence. The most promising signatures for IMBHs are found in the
cores of GCs, where the evidence now comes from the stellar velocity
distribution, the surface density profile, and, for very deep observations, the
mass-segregation profile near the cluster center. However, interpretation of
the data, and, in particular, constraints on central IMBH masses, require the
use of detailed cluster dynamical models. Here we present results from Monte
Carlo cluster simulations of GCs that harbor IMBHs. As an example of
application, we compare velocity dispersion, surface brightness and
mass-segregation profiles with observations of the GC M10, and constrain the
mass of a possible central IMBH in this cluster. We find that, although M10
does not seem to possess a cuspy surface density profile, the presence of an
IMBH with a mass up to 0.75% of the total cluster mass, corresponding to about
600 Msun, cannot be excluded. This is also in agreement with the surface
brightness profile, although we find it to be less constraining, as it is
dominated by the light of giants, causing it to fluctuate significantly. We
also find that the mass-segregation profile cannot be used to discriminate
between models with and without IMBH. The reason is that M10 is not yet
dynamically evolved enough for the quenching of mass segregation to take
effect. Finally, detecting a velocity dispersion cusp in clusters with central
densities as low as in M10 is extremely challenging, and has to rely on only
20-40 bright stars. It is only when stars with masses down to 0.3 Msun are
included that the velocity cusp is sampled close enough to the IMBH for a
significant increase above the core velocity dispersion to become detectable.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Ap
Monte Carlo Simulations of Globular Cluster Evolution. VI. The Influence of an Intermediate Mass Black Hole
We present results of a series of Monte Carlo simulations investigating the
imprint of a central intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) on the structure of a
globular cluster. We investigate the three-dimensional and projected density
profiles, and stellar disruption rates for idealized as well as realistic
cluster models, taking into account a stellar mass spectrum and stellar
evolution, and allowing for a larger, more realistic, number of stars than was
previously possible with direct N-body methods. We compare our results to other
N-body and Fokker-Planck simulations published previously. We find, in general,
very good agreement for the overall cluster structure and dynamical evolution
between direct N-body simulations and our Monte Carlo simulations. Significant
differences exist in the number of stars that are tidally disrupted by the
IMBH, which is most likely an effect of the wandering motion of the IMBH, not
included in the Monte Carlo scheme. These differences, however, are negligible
for the final IMBH masses in realistic cluster models as the disruption rates
are generally much lower than for single-mass clusters. As a direct comparison
to observations we construct a detailed model for the cluster NGC 5694, which
is known to possess a central surface brightness cusp consistent with the
presence of an IMBH. We find that not only the inner slope but also the outer
part of the surface brightness profile agree well with observations. However,
there is only a slight preference for models harboring an IMBH compared to
models without.Comment: 37 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ Supplement.
Substantial additions on modeling NGC 5694 since original versio
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